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Marinus II Of Gaeta
Marinus II was the son of Docibilis II of Gaeta and Orania of Naples. He was made ''dux'' of Fondi by his father and his elder brother John II recognised this title. After his brother Gregory, who succeeded John, died, Marinus succeeded to the duchy of Gaeta and gave Fondi to his son Marinus. He was succeeded by his son John III and is the father of the Caetani family. Marinus is cited as ''Marinus consule dux Gaiete'' in a charter of 12 November 999 in which the Emperor Otto II An emperor (from la, imperator, via fro, empereor) is a monarch, and usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife ( empress consort), mother (empr ... ruled against him in a case with the Abbey of Montecassino. SourcesSouthern Italy. 984 deaths Marinus 2 Marinus 2 Marinus 2 Year of birth unknown {{Italy-noble-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Docibilis II Of Gaeta
Docibilis II ( it, Docibile) ( 880 – c. 954) was the ruler of Gaeta, in one capacity or another, from 906 until his death. He was the son of the hypatus John I, who made him co-ruler in 906 or thereabouts. Docibilis took part in the Battle of Garigliano in 915. In 930, he began adding the title of duke, or ''dux'', to his title of hypatus, or ''ypatus''. This was meant to signify a new status or rank, though the Byzantine Empire, to which he was always legally a vassal, always recognised him merely as archon, ''αρχον''. His father died in 933 or 934, and he subsequently became sole ruler. At that juncture, he began asserting his independence from the Byzantines. He abandoned the imperial dating by which charters were dated by the year of the emperor's reign and allied with Theobald I of Spoleto against the Greeks. Likewise, his wife Orania took the title of duchess, ''ducissa'', alongside ''ypatissa'', and he associated his son, John II, with him in the dukedom. In 939 h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fondi
Fondi ( la, Fundi; Southern Laziale: ''Fùnn'') is a city and ''comune'' in the province of Latina, Lazio, central Italy, halfway between Rome and Naples. As of 2017, the city had a population of 39,800. The city has experienced steady population growth since the early 2000s, though this has slowed in recent years. Before the construction of the highway between the latter cities in the late 1950s, Fondi had been an important settlement on the Roman Via Appia, which was the main connection from Rome to much of southern Italy. Geography Fondi is the main town of the Plain of Fondi (''Piana di Fondi'' in Italian), a small plain between the Ausoni and Aurunci mountains and the Tyrrhenian Sea. The plain includes three lakes and is agriculturally very fertile. Most in evidence are greenhouses for the production of early crops for sale in Rome. The long sandy beach stretches from Sperlonga in the south-east to Terracina in the north-west and lies along the Gulf of Gaeta, with views ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John II Of Gaeta
John II (died 963) was the duke of Gaeta, associated with his father Docibilis II and grandfather John I from 933 and sole ruler from the former's death in 954. His mother was Orania, of Neapolitan extraction. In 934, he was ruling alone with his father, his grandfather having died in the interim. During his reign, he augmented the palace his forefather's had built and he endowed many churches. On behalf of his late wife Theodenand, he made a great donation to the Church of Ss. Teodoro e Martino. However, he weakened the principality by dividing it. He recognised his brother Marinus as duke of Fondi, as per their father's will, and gave the Church of Saint Erasmus at Formia to his brother Leo. He never had any offspring to associate with him and he was succeeded by his brother Gregory in 962 or 963. Sources *Caravale, Mario (ed). ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani LV Ginammi – Giovanni da Crema''. Rome, 2000. *Caravale, Mario (ed). ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gregory Of Gaeta
Gregory was the Duke of Gaeta from 963 until his death. He was the second son of Docibilis II of Gaeta and his wife Orania. He succeeded his brother John II, who had left only daughters. Gregory rapidly depleted the ''publicum'' (public land) of the Duchy of Gaeta by doling it out to family members as grants. Gregory disappears from the records in 964 and was succeeded by his younger brother Marinus of Fondi over the heads of his three sons. It is possible that there was an internal power struggle between factions of the Docibilan family and that Gregory was forced out. On the other hand, perhaps he died and his sons fought a losing battle for their inheritance to Gaeta. His son Landolf was the progenitor of the counts of Suio Suio is a ''frazione'' (rural borough) of Castelforte, a municipality in southern Latium, central Italy. Overview It is located on the northernmost slopes of the Monti Aurunci, near the Garigliano river, and is composed of two villages: Suio Paes .... Sour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Of Gaeta
This is a list of the hypati, patricians, consuls, and dukes of Gaeta. Many of the dates are uncertain and sometimes the status of the rulership, with co-rulers and suzerain–vassal relations, is vague. Native rule (839–1032) Anatolian dynasty *Constantine (839–866) *Marinus I (839–866) Docibilan dynasty * Docibilis I (866-906) *John I (867–933 or 934), also patrician from 877 * Docibilis II (914 or 915–954), co–hypatus from 906 *John II (954–962 or 963), co–duke from 933 or 934, consul * Gregory (962 or 963–978) *Marinus II (978–984) * John III (984–1008), co–duke from 979 * John IV (1008–1012), co–duke from 991 *John V (1012–1032), also consul **Emilia, grandmother, regent (1012–1027) **Leo I, uncle, regent (1017–1023) Lombard period (1032–1064) In 1041, Guaimar gave direct control and his title to the count of Aversa. In 1058, Gaeta was made subject to the count of Aversa, by then prince of Capua. * Pandulf I (1032–1038) * Pandulf II (103 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marinus II, Duke Of Fondi
Marinus II was the second ''dux'' of Fondi after his father, Marinus I. He is an ancestor of the Caetani The House of Caetani, or Gaetani, is the name of an Italian noble family, originally from the city of Gaeta, connected by some to the lineage of the lords of the Duchy of Gaeta, as well as to the patrician Gaetani of the Republic of Pisa. It play .... Dukes in Italy House of Caetani {{duke-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John III Of Gaeta
John III (died 1008 or 1009) was the consul and duke of Gaeta from some time between October 984 and January 986 until his death. He was the eldest son of Marinus II, who succeeded his brother Gregory in 978 and immediately appointed John as co-duke in order to assure his inheritance, as the precedent of fraternal inheritance had been set by the sons of Docibilis II. John's reign began with his father's death. In 991, John appointed his own son co-ruler as John IV. The territory of the duchy had been parcelled out to many brothers. John's brother Leo inherited the duchy of Fondi in 992. Another brother, Marinus, was associated as ''dux'' in Fondi in 999. Also in 992, John's brothers Gregory and Daufer appeared as counts in Castro d'Argento and Traetto. In 997, another brother, Bernard, became bishop of Gaeta. John was able to maintain peace between himself and his powerful brothers and other relatives throughout his reign. In January 998, he sojourned in the monastery of Saint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caetani
The House of Caetani, or Gaetani, is the name of an Italian noble family, originally from the city of Gaeta, connected by some to the lineage of the lords of the Duchy of Gaeta, as well as to the patrician Gaetani of the Republic of Pisa. It played an important role in Rome, in the Papal States and in the Kingdom of Naples, and later in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. Origins The Caetani, or Gaetani family, according to a family tradition, was descendant of the Dukes of Gaeta. Nevertheless, the family had no more great importance in Rome until the election of Benedetto Caetani to the papacy as Pope Boniface VIII in 1294, when they at once became the most notable in the city. The pope helped them to buy Sermoneta, Bassiano, Ninfa and San Donato (1297, 1300), and the marquisate of Ancona in 1300, while Charles II of Anjou created the pope's brother count of Caserta. Giordano Roffredo Caetani by his marriage with Giovanna dell'Aquila, heiress of the counts of Fondi, in 1297 acqui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Otto II
An emperor (from la, imperator, via fro, empereor) is a monarch, and usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife ( empress consort), mother (empress dowager), or a woman who rules in her own right and name (empress regnant). Emperors are generally recognized to be of the highest monarchic honor and rank, surpassing kings. In Europe, the title of Emperor has been used since the Middle Ages, considered in those times equal or almost equal in dignity to that of Pope due to the latter's position as visible head of the Church and spiritual leader of the Catholic part of Western Europe. The Emperor of Japan is the only currently reigning monarch whose title is translated into English as "Emperor". Both emperors and kings are monarchs or sovereigns, but both emperor and empress are considered the higher monarchical titles. In as much as there is a strict definition of emperor, it is that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbey Of Montecassino
An abbey is a type of monastery used by members of a religious order under the governance of an abbot or abbess. Abbeys provide a complex of buildings and land for religious activities, work, and housing of Christian monks and nuns. The concept of the abbey has developed over many centuries from the early monastic ways of religious men and women where they would live isolated from the lay community about them. Religious life in an abbey may be monastic. An abbey may be the home of an enclosed religious order or may be open to visitors. The layout of the church and associated buildings of an abbey often follows a set plan determined by the founding religious order. Abbeys are often self-sufficient while using any abundance of produce or skill to provide care to the poor and needy, refuge to the persecuted, or education to the young. Some abbeys offer accommodation to people who are seeking spiritual retreat. There are many famous abbeys across the Mediterranean Basin and Europe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
984 Deaths
Year 984 ( CMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Spring – German boy-king Otto III (4-years old) is seized by the deposed Henry II (the Wrangler), duke of Bavaria, who has recovered his duchy and claims the regency as a member of the Ottonian Dynasty. But Henry is forced to hand over Otto to his mother, empress consort Theophanu. * King Ramiro III loses his throne to Bermudo II (the rival king of Galicia), who also becomes ruler of the entire Kingdom of León (modern-day Spain). Japan * Fall – Emperor En'yū abdicates the throne in favor of his 16-year-old son Kazan after a 15-year reign. En'yū retires and becomes a Buddhist priest. By topic Technology * Qiao Weiyue, a Chinese engineer, innovates the first known use of the double-gated canal pound lock during the Song Dynasty, for adjusting different water levels in segments of the Grand Canal in C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Caetani
The House of Caetani, or Gaetani, is the name of an Italian noble family, originally from the city of Gaeta, connected by some to the lineage of the lords of the Duchy of Gaeta, as well as to the patrician Gaetani of the Republic of Pisa. It played an important role in Rome, in the Papal States and in the Kingdom of Naples, and later in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. Origins The Caetani, or Gaetani family, according to a family tradition, was descendant of the Dukes of Gaeta. Nevertheless, the family had no more great importance in Rome until the election of Benedetto Caetani to the papacy as Pope Boniface VIII in 1294, when they at once became the most notable in the city. The pope helped them to buy Sermoneta, Bassiano, Ninfa and San Donato (1297, 1300), and the marquisate of Ancona in 1300, while Charles II of Anjou created the pope's brother count of Caserta. Giordano Roffredo Caetani by his marriage with Giovanna dell'Aquila, heiress of the counts of Fondi, in 1297 acqui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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