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Muqattaʿat
The mysterious letters (''muqaṭṭaʿāt'', ar, حُرُوف مُقَطَّعَات ''ḥurūf muqaṭṭaʿāt'', "disjoined letters" or "disconnected letters") are combinations of between one and five Arabic letters figuring at the beginning of 29 out of the 114 chapters (surahs) of the Quran just after the Bismillāh Islamic phrase. The letters are also known as ''fawātiḥ'' () or "openers" as they form the opening verse of their respective surahs. Four chapters are named for their ''muqaṭṭaʿāt'': ''Ṭā-Hā'', ''Yā-Sīn'', ''Ṣād'' and ''Qāf''. The original significance of the letters is unknown. Tafsir (exegesis) has interpreted them as abbreviations for either names or qualities of God or for the names or content of the respective surahs. The general belief of most Muslims is that their meaning is only known to Allah. Inventory ''Muqatta'at'' occur in Quranic chapters 2–3, 7, 10–15, 19–20, 26–32, 36, 38, 40–46, 50 and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maryam (surah)
Maryam ( ar, مريم, ; Arabic synonym of " Mary") is the 19th chapter ('' sūrah'') of the Qur'an with 98 verses (''āyāt''). The 114 chapters in the Quran are roughly ordered by size. The Quranic chapter is named after Mary, mother of Jesus (''Isa''), and the Virgin Mary in Christian belief. It recounts the events leading up to the birth of Jesus, subject matter covered in Luke 1 of the Christian Bible. The text of the surah refers to many known prophetic figures, including Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Aaron, Ishmael, Enoch ''aka'' Idris, Adam, Zechariah and Noah. The Birmingham Quran manuscript preserves the final eight verses (Q19:91–98), on parchment radiocarbon dated to between 568ce/56bh and 645/25ah. The Sanaa manuscript, dated between 578ce/44 bh and 669/49 ah, includes verses 2–28. From the perspective of Islamic tradition, (''asbāb al-nuzūl''), it is an earlier "Meccan Surah", believed to have been revealed sooner than the later revelations in Medina. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sale G
George Sale (1697–1736) was a British Orientalist scholar and practising solicitor, best known for his 1734 translation of the Quran into English. In 1748, after having read Sale's translation, Voltaire wrote his own essay "De l'Alcoran et de Mahomet" ("On the Quran and on Mohammed"). Sale was also author of ''The General Dictionary'', in ten volumes, folio. Biography Born in Canterbury, Kent, he was educated at the King's School, Canterbury, and in 1720 became a student of the Inner Temple. It is known that he trained as a solicitor in his early years but took time off from his legal pursuits, returning at need to his profession. Sale was an early member of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. Sale became seriously ill with fever for eight days before his death. George Sale died at Surrey Street, The Strand, London, on 13 November 1736. Sale was buried at St Clement Danes in London. His family consisted of a wife and five children. The Quran In 1734, Sal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al Imran
Al Imran ( ar, آلِ عِمرَان, ; The Family of Imran his wife Hanth his daughter Hazrat Maryam and his grand son Hazrat Isa) is the third chapter (sūrah) of the Quran with two hundred verses ('' āyāt''). Imran in Islam is regarded as the father of Mary. This chapter is named after the family of Imran, which includes Imran, Saint Anne (wife of Imran), Mary, and Jesus. Regarding the timing and contextual background of the believed revelation (''asbāb al-nuzūl''), the chapter is believed to have been either the second or third of the Medinan surahs, as it references both the events of Badr and the Uhud. Almost all of it also belongs to the third year of the Hijra, though a minority of its verses might have been revealed during the visit of the Najrān Christian deputation at the Mubahala, which occurred around the 10th year of the Hijrah. Summary *1-2 God is one and self-existent *3-4 The Quran to be believed *5-6 God omniscient *7 Plain and obscure verses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Ankabut
The Spider ( ar, العنكبوت, ) is the 29th chapter (''surah'') of the Quran with 69 verses ('' āyāt''). Regarding the timing and contextual background of the believed revelation (''asbāb al-nuzūl''), it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which indicates a revelation in Mecca as opposed to Medina. Early Muslims were persecuted in Mecca where Muhammed was not a leader, and not persecuted in Medina, where he was a protected leader. The surah states that Nuh, Ibrahim, Lut, Shuaib, Hud, Saleh, Musa and Muhammad all were prophets of God. All of them endured hardships. For example, Noah was ridiculed often and Abraham was thrown into the fire. But God destroyed their people who transgressed. As it says in verse 40, So each We punished for his sin; of them was he on whom We sent down a violent storm, and of them was he whom the rumbling overtook, and of them was he whom We made to be swallowed up by the earth, and of them was he whom We drowned; and it did not beseem All ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Qasas
Al-Qasas ( ar, القصص, ; The Story) is the 28th chapter (''sūrah'') of the Qur'an with 88 verses ('' āyāt''). According to Ibn Kathir's commentary, the chapter takes its name from verse 25 in which the word Al-Qasas occurs. Lexically, qasas means to relate events in their proper sequence. Thus, from the viewpoint of the meaning too, this word can be a suitable title for this Surah, for in it the detailed story of the Prophet Moses has been related, also it includes story of Qarun from verse 76 to verse 83, explaining how Qarun was proud of himself thinking that his huge wealth earned by his own science, denying the grace of God on him, and later God destroyed him with his wealth underground. Summary *1-2 Muhammad receives the story of Moses for the benefit of believers *3 Pharaoh oppresses the Israelites *4-5 God determines to befriend the weak and to destroy oppressors *6 Moses's mother directed to commit her child to the river *7-8 Pharaoh's family take up the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
An-Naml
An-Naml ( ar, النمل, ’an-naml, lit=The Ant) is the 27th chapter ('' sūrah'') of the Qur'an with 93 verses ('' āyāt''). Regarding the timing and contextual background of the supposed revelation (''asbāb al-nuzūl''), it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, rather than later in Medina. Summary *1-3 The Quran is a direction of good tidings to the faithful *4-5 Unbelievers are losers here and hereafter *6 The Quran certainly given by God to Muhammad *7-12 The story of Moses at the burning bush *13-14 Moses rejected by Pharaoh and the Egyptians as an impostor *15 David and Solomon praise God for their wisdom *16-17 Solomon’s dominion over Djinn, men, and birds *18-19 The wise ant pleases Solomon *20-44 The story of the Queen of Sheba and her conversion to Islam *45-48 Thamúd rejects Sálih their prophet *49-51 Nine men plot the destruction of Sálih and his family *52-54 The Thamúdites and their plotters dest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ash-Shu'ara
Ash-Shu‘ara’ ( ar, الشعراء, ; The Poets) is the 26th chapter (sūrah) of the Qurʾan with 227 verses ( āyāt). Many of these verses are very short. The chapter is named from the worAsh-Shu'arain ayat 224. The chapter talks about various prophets and their tribes, and how the disbelievers were destroyed after threatening the prophets with death. It also talks about the mercy of God (''Allah''). This surah starts with the story of Moses, followed by that of Abraham. Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (''asbāb al-nuzūl''), it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca. The topic and the style appear, and the traditions affirm, that it was uncovered during the center Makkan period. As indicated by Ibn Abbas, Surah Ta-Ha was uncovered first, at that point Surah Al-Waqiah, and afterward Surah Ash-Shu'ara. Summary *1-2 Muhammad is grieved at the unbelief of the Quraish *3-4 God will grant th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ṭā Hā
Ṭā Hā (; ar, طه) is the 20th chapter (''sūrah'') of the Qur'an with 135 verses ('' āyāt''). It is named "Ṭā Hā" because the chapter starts with the Arabic ''ḥurūf muqaṭṭaʿāt'' (disjoined letters): (Ṭāhā) which is considered to be one of the names of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (''asbāb al-nuzūl''), it is traditionally believed to be a Meccan surah, from the second Meccan period (615-619),Ernst, Carl W. How to Read the Qurʼan: A New Guide, with Select Translations. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 2011. Print. which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, rather than later in Medina. Among the subjects treated in this chapter are God's call of Moses (), the Exodus of the Israelites and the crossing of the Red Sea (), the worship of the Golden Calf () and the Fall of Man (). The main theme of the chapter is about the existence of God. It addresses this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Hijr (surah)
Al-Ḥijr ( ar, الحِجْرْ, lit=The Stoneland) is the 15th Quranic chapter (''sūrah''). It has 99 verses ( āyāt). Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (''asbāb al-nuzūl''), it is an earlier Meccan surah, believed to have been received by the Islamic prophet Muhammad shortly after chapter 12, ''Yusuf'', during his last year in Mecca. Like other surahs of this period, it praises God. Parts of Q15:4-74 are preserved in the Ṣan‘ā’1 lower text. Summary :1-3 Unbelievers will one day wish themselves Muslims :4-5 Every nation has its day of grace :6 Muhammad charged with demoniacal possession by the disbelievers (the Quraish) :7 The unbelievers say a true prophet would have come with a company of angels :8 Angels are not sent to gratify curiosity, but to minister judgment :9 God the author and preserver of the Quran :10-11 The former prophets were laughed to scorn :12-15 The scoffing Quraish judicially blinded :16-20 God de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibrahim (surah)
Ibrahim ( ar, إبراهيم, ; Arabic synonym of "Abraham") is the 14th chapter (surah) of the Qur'an with 52 verses ( āyāt). The surah emphasizes that only God knows what goes on inside a man's heart, implying we must accept each other's words in good faith (14:38). Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (''asbāb al-nuzūl''), it is a "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, instead of later in Medina. It was revealed around 2-3 years before Hijrah, in a later stage of Muhammad preaching in Mecca when persecution of him and fellow Muslims had become severe. Summary *1 The Quran given to guide men out of darkness into light *2-3 A grievous punishment awaits the infidels *4 Apostles always use the language of their people *5 Moses sent to Pharaoh and his people *6-8 His message to the children of Israel *9-13 Former prophets were rejected in spite of their miracles *13-14 Miracles only possible by the will of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ar-Ra'd
Ar-Ra'd, ( ar, الرعد ), or the Thunder,George Sale's translation is the 13th chapter ( sūrah) of the Qur'an, composed of 43 verses ( āyāt). It has Muqattat (Quranic initials)المر(Alif. Lam. Mim. Ra or ALMR). The goal of the Sura is the power of truth and the weakness of falsehood. Verse 15 contains a prostration symbol ۩: : Whatsoever is in heaven and on earth worshippeth GOD, voluntarily or of force; and their shadows also, morning and evening. ۩ This Sura is concerned with the oneness of God, the message, the Day of judgement, and the penalty. The Sura revolves around an important axis that what is truth is clear through power and stability; what is falsehood is clear through its weakness. Thus, no matter how it is perceived and no matter how it pretends to be the truth. The verses call upon people to not be deceived by the glitter of falsehood because it is inevitably fleeting, while the truth shines throughout the entire universe. Summary *1 The infid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yusuf (surah)
Yusuf ( ar, يوسف, ; Arabic synonym of "Joseph") is the 12th chapter ( Surah) of the Quran and has 111 Ayahs (verses). It is preceded by sūrah Hud and followed by Ar-Ra’d (The thunder). Regarding the timing and contextual background of the believed revelation (''asbāb al-nuzūl''), it was revealed toward the end of the Meccan period, which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, instead of later in Medina. It is said to have been revealed in a single sitting and is unique in this respect. The text narrates the story of Yusuf ( Joseph), son of Jacob, who is a prophet in Islam, and recounts his life and mission. Unlike the accounts of other Islamic prophets, different elements and aspects of which are related in different surahs, the life-history of Yusuf, is narrated in this surah only, in full and in chronological order. This surah, which also tells of the truth, according to Muslims, contained in dreams, presents many principles of how to serve Islam by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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