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Multisourcing
Multisourcing is the concept of working with multiple suppliers who are also competitors. Large-scale buyers, such as the U.S. federal government, may want to feel assured that there is more than one supplier for an item. It has been described as the opposite of "one neck to wring". The opposite is called sole-source. Intel, a large corporation, was not "enough" for the x86, and so others such as Advanced Micro Devices and Cyrix were needed. Models There are two primary models for Multisourcing: Prime Contractor and Client models: Prime Contractor model A ''Prime Contractor'' may use ''subcontractors''. Either way, the client has "one neck to wring". Client model The client is the '' system integrator''. Multiple outside sources, each with their own "perceived core competencies", provide services. This does not preclude the outside suppliers from further subcontracting. Sole sourcing Although "no-bid contracts are illegal under European Union procurement law", "there are exclu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
US Federal Government
The Federal Government of the United States of America (U.S. federal government or U.S. government) is the national government of the United States. The U.S. federal government is composed of three distinct branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. Powers of these three branches are defined and vested by the U.S. Constitution, which has been in continuous effect since May 4, 1789. The powers and duties of these branches are further defined by Acts of Congress, including the creation of executive departments and courts subordinate to the U.S. Supreme Court. In the federal division of power, the federal government shares sovereignty with each of the 50 states in their respective territories. U.S. law recognizes Indigenous tribes as possessing sovereign powers, while being subject to federal jurisdiction. Naming The full name of the republic is the "United States of America". No other name appears in the Constitution, and this is the name that appears on mon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bechtel
Bechtel Corporation () is an American engineering, procurement, construction, and project management company founded in San Francisco, California in 1898, and headquartered in Reston, Virginia in the Washington metropolitan area. , the '' Engineering News-Record'' ranked Bechtel as the second largest construction company in the United States, following Turner Construction. Bechtel has over 50,000 employees as of May 2025. History Founding and early years Bechtel's business activities began in 1898, when cattle farmer Warren A. Bechtel moved from Peabody, Kansas, to the Oklahoma Territory to construct railroads with his team of mules. Bechtel moved his family frequently between construction sites around the western United States for the next several years, eventually moving to Oakland, California, in 1904, where he worked as the superintendent on the Western Pacific Railroad. In 1906, W. A. Bechtel won his first subcontract to build part of the Oroville-to-Oak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contract Law
A contract is an agreement that specifies certain legally enforceable rights and obligations pertaining to two or more Party (law), parties. A contract typically involves consent to transfer of goods, Service (economics), services, money, or promise to transfer any of those at a future date. The activities and intentions of the parties entering into a contract may be referred to as contracting. In the event of a breach of contract, the injured party may seek legal remedy, judicial remedies such as damages or equitable remedies such as specific performance or Rescission (contract law), rescission. A binding agreement between actors in international law is known as a treaty. Contract law, the field of the law of obligations concerned with contracts, is based on the principle that pacta sunt servanda, agreements must be honoured. Like other areas of private law, contract law varies between jurisdictions. In general, contract law is exercised and governed either under common law jur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Business Terms
Business is the practice of making one's living or making money by producing or buying and selling products (such as goods and services). It is also "any activity or enterprise entered into for profit." A business entity is not necessarily separate from the owner and the creditors can hold the owner liable for debts the business has acquired except for limited liability company. The taxation system for businesses is different from that of the corporates. A business structure does not allow for corporate tax rates. The proprietor is personally taxed on all income from the business. A distinction is made in law and public offices between the term business and a company (such as a corporation or cooperative). Colloquially, the terms are used interchangeably. Corporations are distinct from sole proprietors and partnerships. Corporations are separate and unique legal entities from their shareholders; as such they provide limited liability for their owners and members. Cor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Procurement In The United States
In the United States, the processes of government procurement enable Federal Government of the United States, federal, State governments of the United States, state and local government bodies in the country to acquire goods, services (including construction), and interests in Real estate, real property. Contracting with the federal government or with state and local public bodies enables interested businesses to become suppliers in these markets. In fiscal year#United States, fiscal year 2019, the Federal government of the United States, US Federal Government spent $597bn on contracts.Bloomberg GovernmentBGOV200: Federal Industry Leaders 2019 accessed 9 July 2020 The market for state, local, and education in the United States, education (SLED) contracts is thought to be worth $1.5 trillion. Supplies are purchased from both domestic and overseas suppliers. Contracts for federal government procurement usually involve Appropriation (law), appropriated funds spent on supplies, service ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Acquisition Regulation
The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) is the principal set of rules regarding Government procurement in the United States. The document describes the procedures executive branch agencies use for acquiring products and services. FAR is part of the Federal Acquisition System, which seeks to obtain the best value for agencies, minimize administrative costs and time required for acquisition, and promote fair competition for the suppliers of the products and services. The FAR is issued by the FAR Council, a body composed of the Secretary of Defense, the GSA Administrator, and the NASA Administrator. This council meets quarterly or more frequently as needed, and the FAR may be updated multiple times per year. The earliest regulation of US government procurement dates 1792. Much of the FAR used today dates to 1984. It is codified at Chapter 1 of Title 48 of the Code of Federal Regulations, . Purpose The purpose of the FAR is "to deliver on a timely basis the best value produ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defense Contract Management Agency
The Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) is an agency of the United States federal government reporting to the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment. It is responsible for administering contracts for the Department of Defense (DoD) and other authorized federal agencies. Its headquarters is located at Fort Gregg-Adams, Virginia. DCMA also administers Foreign Military Sales contracts. History Contract administration within DoD has been studied and modified for many years. In the early 1960s, a study was commissioned by the Secretary of Defense to examine the entire DoD contracting process. Known as "Project 60," the findings pointed to numerous benefits of consolidating contract administration and audit. At that time, each defense agency and military service was administering and auditing its own contracts, which resulted in a great amount of duplicate effort. Many of the contract administration responsibilities were eventually moved to the Defense Log ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cronyism
Cronyism is a specific form of in-group favoritism, the spoils system practice of partiality in awarding jobs and other advantages to friends or trusted colleagues, especially in politics and between politicians and supportive organizations. For example, cronyism occurs when appointing "cronies" to positions of authority regardless of their qualifications. This is in contrast to a '' meritocracy'', in which appointments are made based on merit. Politically, "cronyism" is derogatorily used to imply buying and selling favors, such as votes in legislative bodies, doing favors to organizations, or giving desirable ambassadorships to exotic places. Etymology The word ''crony'' first appeared in 17th-century London, according to the ''Oxford English Dictionary''; it is believed to be derived from the Greek word (), meaning . A less likely but oft-quoted source is the supposed Irish term , which translates as . Concept Government officials are particularly susceptible to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Campaign Finance
Campaign financealso called election finance, political donations, or political financerefers to the funds raised to promote candidates, political parties, or policy initiatives and referendums. Donors and recipients include individuals, corporations, political parties, and charitable organizations. Political campaigns usually involve considerable costs, travel, staff, political consulting, and advertising. Campaign spending depends on the region. For instance, in the United States, television advertising time must be purchased by campaigns, whereas in other countries, it is provided for free. The need to raise money to maintain expensive political campaigns diminishes ties to a representative democracy because of the influence large contributors have over politicians. Although the political science literature indicates that most contributors give to support parties or candidates with whom they are already in agreement, there is wide public perception that donors expect gover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gartner
Gartner, Inc. is an American research and advisory firm focusing on business and technology topics. Gartner provides its products and services through research reports, conferences, and consulting. Its clients include large corporations, government agencies, technology companies, and investment firms. Operations Gartner is a research and advisory firm with three business segments: research, conferences, and consulting. As of December 2024, Gartner has over 21,000 employees globally and operates in 90 countries and territories. It is headquartered in Stamford, Connecticut. Gene A. Hall is the chief executive officer. Gartner is a publicly traded company listed on the S&P 500. History 1980s Gideon Gartner and David Stein founded Gartner, Inc. in 1979 to provide IT industry research and analysis to businesses buying and selling computer hardware. Gideon Gartner had previously worked at IBM, and his new firm specialized in information about IBM and its products. Gartner's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forrester Research
Forrester Research, Inc. is a research and advisory firm. Forrester serves clients in North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific. The firm is headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Cambridge, MA with global offices in Amsterdam, London, New Delhi, New York City, New York, NY, Norwalk, Connecticut, Norwalk, CT, San Francisco, Singapore, Stockholm, and Sydney. History and Key Milestones * Forrester was founded in July 1983 by George Forrester Colony in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Cambridge, MA. * In January 2019, Forrester completed thacquisition of SiriusDecisions a business-to-business research and advisory firm, for $245 million in cash. This acquisition expanded Forrester’s capabilities in B2B marketing, sales, and product alignment, integrating SiriusDecisions’ methodologies, including the Demand Waterfall framework. Leadership * George F. Colony, chairman of the board and CEO. References External links * {{official website, http://www.forrester.com India to b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kellogg, Brown And Root
KBR, Inc. (formerly Kellogg Brown & Root) is a U.S. based company operating in fields of science, technology and engineering. KBR works in various markets including aerospace, defense, industrial and intelligence. After Halliburton acquired Dresser Industries, KBR was created in 1998 when M.W. Kellogg merged with Halliburton's construction subsidiary, Brown & Root, to form Kellogg Brown & Root. In 2006, the company separated from Halliburton and completed an initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange. The company's corporate offices are in the KBR Tower in downtown Houston.Eriksen, Helen"Will KBR ditch its Houston headquarters for Katy suburbia?" ''Houston Chronicle''. April 30, 2008. Retrieved on January 13, 2009. History M. W. Kellogg In 1901, Morris Woodruff Kellogg founded The M. W. Kellogg Company in New York City. The company was incorporated in 1905 and its headquarters was moved to Jersey City, New Jersey. Initially Kellogg's main business was power pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
