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Movimento Democrático De Mulheres
The ''Movimento Democrático de Mulheres'' (Women's Democratic Movement - MDM) is a Portuguese non-governmental women's association. It was created in 1968 by groups opposed to the '' Estado Novo'' regime and continued after the overthrow of the regime in 1974. Origins The ''Movimento Democrático de Mulheres'' (MDM) had its roots in earlier women's movements in Portugal, such as the '' Liga das Mulheres Republicanas'' (League of Republican Women), which operated from 1909 to 1919, the '' Conselho Nacional das Mulheres Portuguesas'' (National Council of Portuguese Women - CNMP), which functioned from 1914 to its closure by the ''Estado Novo'' in 1947, and the '' Associação Feminina Portuguesa para a Paz'' (Portuguese Women's Association for Peace - AFPP), which was disbanded by the regime in 1952. Establishment The MDM was created at a time of the flourishing of radical movements worldwide, including the opposition to the Vietnam War in the United States and the May 68 anti-gov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liga Das Mulheres Republicanas
The Liga das Mulheres Republicanas (English: Republican Women's League) was a Portuguese feminist organisation founded in 1909 by Ana de Castro Osório and Adelaide Cabete. It split in 1912 after the refusal of the government to pass a law enabling women to vote. Cabete subsequently started the Conselho Nacional das Mulheres Portuguesas."Women Writers up to 1974" by Hilary Owen and Cláudio Pazos Alonso, chapter 14, p. 169, in ''A Companion to Portuguese Literature'' (eds. Stephen Parkinson, Cláudio Pazos Alonso and T.F. Earle), Woodbridge, Suffolk and Rochester, NY: Tamesis, Prominent members * Adelaide Cabete, founding membe* Adelaide Cunha Barradas; * Adelina da Glória Berger, Adelina da Glória Paletti Berger, president of the Lagos nucleus; * Alice Moderno; *Antónia de Jesus da Silva; *Alzira Augusta de Lourdes Pinto Vieira; * Amélia França Borges; * Ana Augusta de Castilho; * Ana de Castro Osório, founding member and first president of LRMP (1908-1911); * Ana Maria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuela Porto
Manuela Porto (24 April 19087 July 1950) was a Portuguese actor, writer, journalist, theatre critic, and translator, as well as a leading campaigner for women's rights and an opponent of the '' Estado Novo'' dictatorship in Portugal. As a translator she introduced previously untranslated women writers to Portuguese readers, including Louisa May Alcott, Anne Bronte, Elizabeth Gaskell, and Virginia Woolf. She is also credited with popularising the work of the Portuguese poet, Fernando Pessoa. Early life Manuela Porto was born on 24 April 1908 in the Portuguese capital of Lisbon, where she lived all her life. Her father was César Porto, a republican, journalist, writer, playwright, essayist, translator and teacher. He was Principal of ''Escola Oficina No. 1'', a school located in Lisbon, which, at the beginning of the 20th century, followed a different approach to teaching that aimed at the multidisciplinary preparation of students and the development of their critical spirit. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organizations Established In 1968
An organization or organisation ( Commonwealth English; see spelling differences) is an entity—such as a company, or corporation or an institution ( formal organization), or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose. Organizations may also operate secretly or illegally in the case of secret societies, criminal organizations, and resistance movements. And in some cases may have obstacles from other organizations (e.g.: MLK's organization). What makes an organization recognized by the government is either filling out incorporation or recognition in the form of either societal pressure (e.g.: Advocacy group), causing concerns (e.g.: Resistance movement) or being considered the spokesperson of a group of people subject to negotiation (e.g.: the Polisario Front being recognized as the sole representative of the Sahrawi people and forming a partially recognized state.) Compare the concept of social groups, which may include non-or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Organisations Based In Portugal
Politics () is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of status or resources. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. Politics may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and non-violent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but the word often also carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or in a limited way, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making laws, and exercising internal and external forc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1968 Establishments In Portugal
Events January–February * January 1968, January – The I'm Backing Britain, I'm Backing Britain campaign starts spontaneously. * January 5 – Prague Spring: Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. * January 10 – John Gorton is sworn in as 19th Prime Minister of Australia, taking over from John McEwen after being 1968 Liberal Party of Australia leadership election, elected leader of the Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal Party the previous day, following the disappearance of Harold Holt. Gorton becomes the only Australian Senate, Senator to become Prime Minister, though he immediately transfers to the Australian House of Representatives, House of Representatives through the 1968 Higgins by-election in Holt's vacant seat. * January 15 – The 1968 Belice earthquake in Sicily kills 380 and injures around 1,000. * January 21 ** Vietnam War: Battle of Khe Sanh – One of the most publicized and controversial battles of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feminist Organisations In Portugal
Feminism is a range of socio-political movements and ideology, ideologies that aim to define and establish the political, economic, personal, and social gender equality, equality of the sexes. Feminism holds the position that modern societies are patriarchal—they prioritize the male point of view—and that women are treated unjustly in these societies. Efforts to change this include fighting against gender stereotypes and improving educational, professional, and interpersonal opportunities and outcomes for women. Originating in late 18th-century Europe, feminist movements have campaigned and continue to campaign for women's rights, including the right to Women's suffrage, vote, Nomination rules, run for public office, Right to work, work, earn gender pay gap, equal pay, Right to property, own property, Right to education, receive education, enter into contracts, have equal rights within marriage, and maternity leave. Feminists have also worked to ensure access to contr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abortion In Portugal
Abortion laws in Portugal were liberalized on 10 April 2007, allowing an elective abortion to be provided if a woman's pregnancy has not exceeded its tenth week. There is a three-day waiting period for abortions. President Aníbal Cavaco Silva ratified the law allowing abortion, recommending nevertheless that measures should be taken to ensure abortion is the last resort. Despite the liberalization of the laws, as of a 2011 survey, many doctors were refusing to perform abortionswhich they are allowed to do under a Conscientious objection to abortion, conscientious objection clause. Abortions at later stages are allowed for specific reasons, such as risk to woman's health reasons, rape and other sexual crimes, or fetal malformation; with restrictions increasing gradually at 12, 16, and 24 weeks. History and progression of legislation Laws previous to the carnation revolution Abortion was established as illegal in Sebastian of Portugal's ''Regimento de Quadrilheiros'' (1570), d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romani People
{{Infobox ethnic group , group = Romani people , image = , image_caption = , flag = Roma flag.svg , flag_caption = Romani flag created in 1933 and accepted at the 1971 World Romani Congress , pop = 2–12 million , region2 = United States , pop2 = 1 million estimated with Romani ancestry{{efn, 5,400 per 2000 United States census, 2000 census. , ref2 = {{cite news , first=Kayla , last=Webley , url=http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,2025316,00.html , title=Hounded in Europe, Roma in the U.S. Keep a Low Profile , agency=Time , date=13 October 2010 , access-date=3 October 2015 , quote=Today, estimates put the number of Roma in the U.S. at about one million. , region3 = Brazil , pop3 = 800,000 (0.4%) , ref3 = , region4 = Spain , pop4 = 750,000–1.5 million (1.5–3.7%) , ref4 = {{cite web , url ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women's International Democratic Federation
The Women's International Democratic Federation (WIDF) is an international women's rights organization. Established in 1945, it was most active during the Cold War when, according to historian Francisca de Haan, it was "the largest and probably most influential international women's organization of the post-1945 era". Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, its headquarters were moved from Berlin to Paris. In 2002, with the election of Márcia Campos as president, the office relocated to Brasília. Subsequently, in 2007 the WIDF secretariat was located in São Paulo. Since 2016, the president has been Lorena Peña of El Salvador and the world headquarters has been located in San Salvador. The WIDF's magazine, ''Women of the Whole World,'' was published in six languages: Arabic, English, French, German, Russian, and Spanish. WIDF was founded in Paris in 1945 as an anti-fascist organization with the intent of engaging women in efforts to prevent war and to combat th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constituent Assembly Of Portugal
The Constituent Assembly () was the Portuguese constituent assembly elected on 25 April 1975, after the Carnation Revolution (25 April 1974), for the purpose of adopting a constitution for the Third Portuguese Republic, the Constitution of 1976. Background After the Carnation Revolution, the National Salvation Junta dissolved all political offices previously existing in the '' Estado Novo'' (Law no. 1/74). On 14 May 1974, the President of the National Salvation Junta, António de Spínola, abolished the National Assembly and the Corporative Chamber (Law no. 2/74), the two parliamentary chambers in the ''Estado Novo'', and established a transitory constitution (Law no. 3/74) to be used until the new constitution was approved. Election The election of the Constituent Assembly was carried out in Portugal on 25 April 1975, exactly one year after the Carnation Revolution and was the first free election in fifty years, the first in the new democratic regime created after the rev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Salvation Junta
The National Salvation Junta (, ) was a group of military officers designated to maintain the government of Portugal in April 1974 after the Carnation Revolution had overthrown the '' Estado Novo'' dictatorial regime. This junta assumed power following a communiqué of its president, António de Spínola, at 1:30 a.m. on 26 April 1974. The National Salvation Junta was the ''de jure'' governing body of Portugal following the Carnation Revolution. Purpose The Junta was a pre-planned part of the national reform program envisioned by the '' Movimento das Forças Armadas'' (Movement of the Armed Forces; MFA), which aimed to exercise political power after the revolution and prior to the formation of a civilian government in order to prevent the collapse of the Presidency of the Republic (then held by Rear-Admiral Américo Tomás) and of the government. It entailed the dissolution of the National Assembly and of the Council of State. The Constitutional Law 1/74 of 25 April 1974 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carnation Revolution
The Carnation Revolution (), code-named Operation Historic Turn (), also known as the 25 April (), was a military coup by military officers that overthrew the Estado Novo government on 25 April 1974 in Portugal. The coup produced major social, economic, territorial, demographic, and political changes in Portugal and its overseas colonies through the Ongoing Revolutionary Process (''Processo Revolucionário em Curso''). It resulted in the Portuguese transition to democracy and the end of the Portuguese Colonial War. The revolution began as a coup organised by the Armed Forces Movement (, MFA), composed of military officers who opposed the regime, but it was soon coupled with an unanticipated popular civil resistance campaign. Negotiations with African independence movements began, and by the end of 1974, Portuguese troops were withdrawn from Portuguese Guinea, which became a UN member state as Guinea-Bissau. This was followed in 1975 by the independence of Cape Verde, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
