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Moonshot AI
Moonshot AI (Moonshot; ) is an artificial intelligence (AI) company based in Beijing, China. As of 2024, it has been dubbed one of China's "AI Tiger" companies by investors with its focus on developing large language models. The company has attracted significant investment and gained attention for its chatbot, ''Kimi'', and its rapid technological advancements. Background Moonshot was founded in March 2023 by Yang Zhilin, Zhou Xinyu and Wu Yuxin. It was launched on the 50th anniversary of Pink Floyd’s The Dark Side of the Moon which was Yang's favorite album and the inspiration for the company's name. Yang has stated his goal for founding Moonshot AI is to build foundational models to achieve AGI. Yang's three milestones are long context length, multimodal world model, and a scalable general architecture capable of continuous self-improvement without human input. In October 2023, the company released its chatbot, Kimi, which is capable of processing up to 200,000 Chinese ...
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Privately Held Company
A privately held company (or simply a private company) is a company whose Stock, shares and related rights or obligations are not offered for public subscription or publicly negotiated in their respective listed markets. Instead, the Private equity, company's stock is offered, owned, traded or exchanged privately, also known as "over-the-counter (finance), over-the-counter". Related terms are unlisted organisation, unquoted company and private equity. Private companies are often less well-known than their public company, publicly traded counterparts but still have major importance in the world's economy. For example, in 2008, the 441 list of largest private non-governmental companies by revenue, largest private companies in the United States accounted for $1.8 trillion in revenues and employed 6.2 million people, according to ''Forbes''. In general, all companies that are not owned by the government are classified as private enterprises. This definition encompasses both publ ...
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Gaorong Capital
Gaorong Ventures (Gaorong; ) is a Beijing-based venture capital firm founded in 2014. The firm focuses on investments related to Technology, Media and Telecommunications (TMT). Background In January 2014, three former IDG Capital employees founded Banyan Capital. They focused on TMT investments during their time at IDG and wanted to set up a sub-fund within IDG but were opposed by the firm. Despite leaving IDG, the team left on good terms and IDG would be investors in the firm's funds later on. The firm's name was taken from the fact that a banyan tree is that it can form a forest with a single tree. This represented the relationship between the firm and the companies it invests in. The team encountered difficulties at the start where they needed to work in the lobbies of hotels to meet multiple investors since at the time, the firm did not have an office. The team had chosen to raise money in the fourth quarter of 2013 which was before larger financial institutions had star ...
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Zhipu AI
Zhipu AI (智谱AI), formally known as Beijing Zhipu Huazhang Technology, is a Chinese technology company specializing in artificial intelligence. As of 2024, it is one of China's "AI Tiger" companies by investors and considered to be the third largest LLM market player in China's AI industry according to the International Data Corporation. History The startup company began from Tsinghua University and was spun out as an independent company. In 2023, it raised 2.5 billion yuan with the help of Alibaba Group Holding and Tencent Holdings. Other investors of the company include Ant Group, Meituan, Xiaomi and HongShan. In May 2024, Prosperity7 Ventures, LLC, a Saudi Arabian finance firm, funded Zhipu AI US$400 million. In March 2024, Zhipu AI said that they were developing a Sora-like technology to achieve artificial general intelligence (AGI). In July 2024, they debuted their "Ying" text-to-video model. After OpenAI announced an API block for their services in some area ...
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MiniMax (company)
MiniMax is an artificial intelligence (AI) company based in Shanghai, China. As of 2024, it has been dubbed one of China's "AI Tiger" companies by investors. Background MiniMax was founded in December 2021 by several computer vision veterans from SenseTime. When it first started out, it received funding from MiHoYo. In March 2024, Alibaba Group led a $600 million financing round for MiniMax giving it a valuation of $2.5 billion. Other investors of MiniMax include Hillhouse Investment, HongShan, IDG Capital and Tencent. In October 2024, it was reported Chinese phone makers opted for Minimax with regards to its foundational AI large models. Products Talkie MiniMax's first product was Glow which was launched in October 2022. The app allowed users to create virtual characters, give them background stories and then chat with them about various topics. Only four months after launch, the app had over 5 million users. Due to filing issues, Glow was terminated in March ...
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Baichuan
Baichuan AI (Baichuan; ) is an artificial intelligence (AI) company based in Beijing, China. As of 2024, it has been dubbed one of China's "AI Tiger" companies by investors. Background Baichuan was founded in April 2023 by Wang Xiaochuan who had founded Sogou and was previously its CEO. Wang named the company after the phrase "A Hundred Rivers" and had secured $50 million in seed capital. He also reached out to former subordinates at Sogou to join the new company. In October 2023, a $300 million fundraiser was held for Baichuan. Investors included Tencent, Alibaba Group, Shunwei Capital and Xiaomi. In July 2024, Alibaba Group participated in a $691 million fundraiser for Baichuan valuing it at $2.8 billion. Products Baichuan In June 2023 Baichuan launched Bachuan1, an open-source large language model which was used by researchers at universities. In November 2023, Baichuan2 was released. Its context window could handle around 350,000 Chinese chara ...
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OpenAI O1
OpenAI o1 is a reflective generative pre-trained transformer (GPT). A preview of o1 was released by OpenAI on September 12, 2024. o1 spends time "thinking" before it answers, making it better at complex reasoning tasks, science and programming than GPT-4o. The full version was released to ChatGPT users on December 5, 2024. History Background According to leaked information, o1 was formerly known within OpenAI as "Q*", and later as "Strawberry". The codename "Q*" first surfaced in November 2023, around the time of Sam Altman's ousting and subsequent reinstatement, with rumors suggesting that this experimental model had shown promising results on mathematical benchmarks. In July 2024, Reuters reported that OpenAI was developing a generative pre-trained transformer known as "Strawberry", which later became o1. Release "o1-preview" and "o1-mini" were released on September 12, 2024, for ChatGPT Plus and Team users. GitHub started testing the integration of o1-preview in its Copilot s ...
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Ernie Bot
Ernie Bot ( zh, c=文心一言, Pinyin: ), full name Enhanced Representation through Knowledge Integration, is an AI chatbot service product of Baidu, released in 2023. It is built on a large language model called ERNIE, which has been in development since 2019. Version, ERNIE 4.0, was announced on October 17, 2023. Version 4.5 and reasoning model ERNIE X1 were released free of charge on March 16, 2025. History Ernie Bot was initially released for invited testing on March 16, 2023, based on "Ernie 3.0", a large language model that had been in development since 2019. Ernie's so-called live release demo was reported to have been prerecorded, which caused Baidu's stock to drop 10 percent the same day. The company's stock gained 14 percent on the next day after analysts from Citigroup and Bank of America tested Ernie Bot and gave it a preliminary thumbs-up. Ernie Bot was released to the public after receiving the green light from Chinese regulatory authorities on August 31, 2023. ...
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Baidu
Baidu, Inc. ( ; ) is a Chinese multinational technology company specializing in Internet services and artificial intelligence. It holds a dominant position in China's search engine market (via Baidu Search), and provides a wide variety of other internet services such as Baidu App (Baidu's flagship app for search and newsfeed), Baidu Baike (an online user created Wikipedia-like encyclopedia), iQIYI (a video streaming service), and Baidu Tieba (a keyword-based discussion forum similar to Reddit). Besides its core internet search business, Baidu has diversified into several high-growth areas. The company is a leading player in autonomous driving (Baidu Apollo), and smart consumer electronics (Xiaodu). With over a decade of investment in artificial intelligence, Baidu is one of the few tech companies globally to offer a full-service AI stack, including software, chips, cloud infrastructure, foundation models, and applications. The holding company of the group is incorpo ...
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Chatbot
A chatbot (originally chatterbot) is a software application or web interface designed to have textual or spoken conversations. Modern chatbots are typically online and use generative artificial intelligence systems that are capable of maintaining a conversation with a user in natural language and simulating the way a human would behave as a conversational partner. Such chatbots often use deep learning and natural language processing, but simpler chatbots have existed for decades. Although chatbots have existed since the late 1960s, the field gained widespread attention in the early 2020s due to the popularity of OpenAI's ChatGPT, followed by alternatives such as Microsoft's Copilot, DeepSeek and Google's Gemini. Such examples reflect the recent practice of basing such products upon broad foundational large language models, such as GPT-4 or the Gemini language model, that get fine-tuned so as to target specific tasks or applications (i.e., simulating human conversat ...
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Tencent
Tencent Holdings Ltd. ( zh, s=腾讯, p=Téngxùn) is a Chinese Multinational corporation, multinational technology Conglomerate (company), conglomerate and holding company headquartered in Shenzhen. It is one of the highest grossing multimedia companies in the world based on revenue. It is also the world's largest company in the video game industry based on its equity investments. Founded in 1998, its subsidiaries globally market various Internet-related services and products, including in entertainment, Artificial intelligence industry in China, artificial intelligence, and other technology. Its twin-skyscraper headquarters, Tencent Binhai Mansion, Tencent Seafront Towers (also known as Tencent Binhai Mansion) are based in the Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Nanshan District of Shenzhen. In December 2023, architect Büro Ole Scheeren unveiled the latest helix-inspired design of Tencent's new global headquarters in Shenzhen. Known as Tencent Helix, it will accommodate more than 2 ...
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Beijing
Beijing, Chinese postal romanization, previously romanized as Peking, is the capital city of China. With more than 22 million residents, it is the world's List of national capitals by population, most populous national capital city as well as China's List of cities in China by population, second largest city by urban area after Shanghai. It is located in North China, Northern China, and is governed as a Direct-administered municipalities of China, municipality under the direct administration of the Government of the People's Republic of China, State Council with List of administrative divisions of Beijing, 16 urban, suburban, and rural districts.Figures based on 2006 statistics published in 2007 National Statistical Yearbook of China and available online at archive. Retrieved 21 April 2009. Beijing is mostly surrounded by Hebei Province and neighbors Tianjin to the southeast; together, the three divisions form the Jing-Jin-Ji, Jing-Jin-Ji cluster. Beijing is a global city and ...
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Alibaba Group
Alibaba Group Holding Limited, branded as Alibaba (), is a Chinese Multinational corporation, multinational technology company specializing in E-commerce in China, e-commerce, retail, Internet, and technology. Founded on 28 June 1999 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, the company provides consumer-to-consumer (C2C), business-to-consumer (B2C), and business-to-business (B2B) sales services via Chinese and global marketplaces, as well as local consumer, digital media and entertainment, logistics, and cloud computing services. It owns and operates a diverse portfolio of companies around the world in numerous business sectors. On 19 September 2014, Alibaba's American initial public offering (IPO) on the New York Stock Exchange raised US$25 billion, giving the company a market value of US$231 billion and, by far, then the largest IPO in world history. It is one of the top 10 most valuable corporations, and is named the 31st-largest public company in the world on the Forbes Global 2000, ...
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