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Modern Defense, Monkey's Bum
The Monkey's Bum is a variation of the Modern Defense, a chess opening. Although it may also be loosely defined as any approach against the Modern Defense involving an early Bc4 and Qf3, threatening "Scholar's mate", it is strictly defined by the sequence of moves: :1. e4 g6 :2. Bc4 Bg7 :3. Qf3 e6 :4. d4 Bxd4 :5. Ne2 Bg7 :6. Nbc3 The Monkey's Bum Deferred is a more respected variation in which White develops their queen's knight before playing Bc4 and Qf3. Origin The Monkey's Bum was discovered and championed by IM Nigel Povah in the 1970s during a wave of popularity of the Modern Defence. In 1972, after Keene and Botterill published their book ''The Modern Defence'', Povah began looking for a response to the opening. He happened across the game Ljubojević– Keene, Palma de Mallorca 1971, which started 1.e4 g6 2.d4 d6 3.Bc4 Bg7 4.f4 Nf6 and eventually ended in a draw. Intrigued by Ljubojević's early Bc4, Povah began investigating a rapid assault on f7 with 3.Qf3. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Defense
The Modern Defense (also known as the Robatsch Defence after Karl Robatsch) is a hypermodern chess opening in which Black allows White to occupy the with pawns on d4 and e4, then proceeds to attack and undermine this "ideal" center without attempting to occupy it. The Modern Defense usually starts with the opening moves: :1. e4 g6 The opening has been most notably used by British grandmasters Nigel Davies and Colin McNab. The Modern Defense is closely related to the Pirc Defence, the primary difference being that in the Modern, Black delays developing the knight to f6. The delay of ...Nf6 attacking White's pawn on e4 gives White the option of blunting the g7-bishop with c2–c3. There are numerous transpositional possibilities between the two openings. The ''Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings'' (''ECO'') classifies the Modern Defense as code B06, while codes B07 to B09 are assigned to the Pirc. The tenth edition of '' Modern Chess Openings'' (1965) grouped the Pirc and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Leeds
The University of Leeds is a public research university in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It was established in 1874 as the Yorkshire College of Science. In 1884, it merged with the Leeds School of Medicine (established 1831) and was renamed Yorkshire College. It became part of the federal Victoria University (UK), Victoria University in 1887, joining Owens College (which became the University of Manchester) and University College Liverpool (which became the University of Liverpool).Charlton, H. B. (1951) ''Portrait of a University''. Manchester: U. P.; chap. IV In 1904, a royal charter was granted to the University of Leeds by Edward VII, King Edward VII. Leeds is the list of universities in the United Kingdom by enrolment, tenth-largest university in the United Kingdom by total enrolment and receives over 68,000 undergraduate applications per year, making it the fourth-most popular university (behind University of Manchester, Manchester, University College London and King's C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexei Shirov
Alexei Shirov (, ; born 4 July 1972) is a Latvian and Spanish chess player. Shirov was ranked number two in the world in 1994. He won a match against Vladimir Kramnik in 1998 to qualify to play as challenger for the classical world championship match with Garry Kasparov; it never took place due to a lack of sponsorship. Career Shirov became the world under-16 champion in 1988 and was the runner-up at the World Junior Championship in 1990 (second on tiebreaks to Ilya Gurevich). In the same year, he achieved the title of Grandmaster. Shirov is the winner of numerous international tournaments: Biel 1991, Madrid 1997 (shared first place with Veselin Topalov), Ter Apel 1997, Monte Carlo 1998, Mérida 2000, Paul Keres Memorial Rapid Tournament in Tallinn (2004, 2005, 2011, 2012, 2013), Canadian Open Chess Championship 2005. He reached second on the FIDE rating list in January and July 1994, behind Anatoly Karpov, though Garry Kasparov was excluded from those lists and was rate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judit Polgár
Judit Polgár (born 23 July 1976) is a Hungarian Grandmaster (chess), chess grandmaster, widely regarded as the Strong (chess), strongest female chess player of all time. In 1991, Polgár achieved the title of Grandmaster at the age of 15 years and 4 months, at the time the youngest to have done so, breaking the record previously held by former world champion Bobby Fischer. She was the youngest player ever to break into the FIDE top 100 players rating list, ranking No. 55 in the January 1989 rating list, at the age of 12. Polgár is the only woman to have been a serious candidate for the World Chess Championship, in which she participated in FIDE World Chess Championship 2005, 2005; she had previously participated in large, 100-player-plus knockout tournaments for the world championship. She is also the only woman to have surpassed 2700 Elo rating system, Elo, reaching a peak world ranking of No. 8 in 2004 and peak rating of 2735 in 2005. She is the only woman to be ranked in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Rublevsky
Sergei Vladimirovich Rublevsky (; born 15 October 1974) is a Russian chess grandmaster (1994). Biography Sergei Rublevsky was born on October 15, 1974 in Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. He has won four team gold medals and one individual bronze medal at Chess Olympiads. He won the prestigious Aeroflot Open in 2004, and became the 58th Russian chess champion after winning the Russian Superfinal in Moscow (18–30 December 2005), one point clear from Dmitry Jakovenko and Alexander Morozevich. He finished in the top 10 in the 2005 FIDE World Cup, which qualified him for the Candidates Tournament for the FIDE World Chess Championship 2007, played in May–June 2007. He defeated Ruslan Ponomariov 3½-2½ in the first round. In the second round he played Alexander Grischuk. The match was tied 3-3, but Grischuk won the rapid playoff 2½-½, eliminating Rublevsky from the championship. In recent years, Ruble ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Nunn
John Denis Martin Nunn (born 25 April 1955) is an English chess grandmaster, a three-time world champion in chess problem solving, a chess writer and publisher, and a mathematician. He is one of England's strongest chess players and was formerly in the world's top ten. Education and early life Nunn was born in London. As a junior, he showed a prodigious talent for chess and in 1967, at 12 years of age, he won the British under-14 Championship. At 14, he was London Under-18 Champion for the 1969–70 season and less than a year later, at just 15 years of age, he proceeded to Oriel College, Oxford, to read Mathematics. At the time, Nunn was Oxford's youngest undergraduate since Cardinal Wolsey in 1520. Graduating in 1973, he went on to gain a Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1978 with a thesis on finite H-spaces, supervised by John Hubbuck. In 1978, Nunn spent a year teaching Mathematics at Maidstone Grammar School, before returning to Oxford as a mathematics lecturer until 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shimon Kagan
Shimon Kagan (; 6 April 1942 – 6 October 2024) was an Israeli chess master. He was born in Tel Aviv on 6 April 1942, and died on 6 October 2024, at the age of 82. Career Kagan was Israeli Champion in 1967 and 1969. He tied for 4-5th at Netanya 1968 (Bobby Fischer won), tied for 9-10th at Netanya 1969 (Samuel Reshevsky won), took 9th at Netanya 1971 (Lubomir Kavalek and Bruno Parma won). Kagan played for Israel in nine Chess Olympiads. * In 1966, at fourth board in 17th Chess Olympiad in Havana (+4 –6 =1); * In 1968, at fourth board in 18th Chess Olympiad in Lugano (+9 –1 =3); * In 1970, at first board in 19th Chess Olympiad in Siegen (+10 –3 =3); * In 1972, at first board in 20th Chess Olympiad in Skopje (+5 –7 =5); * In 1974, at fourth board in 21st Chess Olympiad in Nice (+11 –1 =4); * In 1976, at first reserve board in 22nd Chess Olympiad in Haifa (+5 –2 =2); * In 1978, at third board in 23rd Chess Olympiad in Buenos Aires (+3 –4 =2); * In 1980, at first re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Chess Magazine
''British Chess Magazine'' is the world's oldest chess journal in continuous publication. First published in January 1881, it has appeared at monthly intervals ever since. It is frequently known in the chess world as ''BCM''. The founder and first general editor of the magazine was John Watkinson (1833–1923). He had previously edited the ''Huddersfield College Magazine'', which was the ''British Chess Magazine''s forerunner. From the beginning, the magazine was devoted to the coverage of chess worldwide, and not just in Great Britain. ''BCM'' is an independent and privately owned magazine; it is not owned or run by the former British Chess Federation (now the English Chess Federation), with which its name was occasionally confused, apart from the period August 1981 – July 1992. Apart from being given a new look, the reloaded January 2016 ''BCM'', now in collaboration with Chess Informant, offers more content, more pages and more writers, among them some of the top UK ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Draw (chess)
In chess, there are a number of ways that a game can end in a draw, in which neither player wins. Draws are codified by various rules of chess including stalemate (when the player to move is not in check (chess), check but has no legal move), threefold repetition (when the same position occurs three times with the same player to move), and the fifty-move rule (when the last fifty successive moves made by both players contain no or pawn (chess), pawn move). Under the standard FIDE rules, a draw also occurs in a ''dead position'' (when no sequence of legal moves can lead to checkmate), most commonly when neither player has sufficient to checkmate the opponent. Unless specific tournament rules forbid it, players may draw by agreement, agree to a draw at any time. Ethical considerations may make a draw uncustomary in situations where at least one player has a reasonable chance of winning. For example, a draw could be called after a move or two, but this would likely be thought unsp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chess Opening
The opening is the initial stage of a chess game. It usually consists of established Chess_theory#Opening_theory, theory. The other phases are the chess middlegame, middlegame and the chess endgame, endgame. Many opening sequences, known as ''openings'', have standard names such as "Sicilian Defense". ''The Oxford Companion to Chess'' lists 1,327 named openings and variants, and there are many others with varying degrees of common usage. Opening moves that are considered standard are referred to as "book moves", or simply "book". When a game begins to deviate from known Chess theory#Opening theory, opening theory, the players are said to be "out of book". In some openings, book lines have been worked out for over 30 moves, such as some lines in the classical King's Indian Defense and in the Sicilian Defense, Najdorf Variation, Najdorf Variation of the Sicilian Defense. Professional chess players spend years studying openings, and they continue doing so throughout their careers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palma De Mallorca
Palma (, ; ), also known as Palma de Mallorca (officially between 1983 and 1988, 2006–2008, and 2012–2016), is the capital and largest city of the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of the Balearic Islands in Spain. It is situated on the south coast of Mallorca on the Bay of Palma. The Cabrera Archipelago, though widely separated from Palma proper, is administratively considered part of the municipality. History Palma was founded as a Ancient Rome, Roman camp upon the remains of a Talaiotic settlement. The city was subjected to several Vandal raids during the fall of the Western Roman Empire, then reconquered by the Byzantine Empire, then colonised by the Moors (who called it ''Medina Mayurqa'') and, in the 13th century, by James I of Aragon. Roman period After the conquest of Mallorca, the city was loosely incorporated into the province of Hispania Tarraconensis, Tarraconensis by 123 BC; the Romans founded two new cities: ''Palma'' on the south of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
