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Media In Poland
The mass media in Poland consist of several different types of communications media including Television in Poland, television, radio, Filmmaking, cinema, newspapers, magazines, and Internet in Poland, Internet. The media landscape is very pluralistic but highly polarized along political and ideological divides. The media landscape According to the 2023 report by Warsaw-based media monitoring firm Instytut Monitorowania Mediów (IMM), the most quoted media outlet was RMF FM radio followed by Wirtualna Polska news portal, Rzeczpospolita (newspaper), Rzeczpospolita daily, TVN24 news station and Radio ZET, Radio Zet.The Internet penetration of Poland stands at around 92%. According to the Digital News Report by the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, Reuters Institute, the top 5 most popular online news outlets in 2023 were: Onet.pl, Onet, Wirtualna Polska, TVN24, TVN24.pl, Interia and RMF FM, RMF24.pl. The government is working to increase broadband internet service. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polsat
Polsat is a Polish free-to-air television channel that was launched on 5 December 1992 by Zygmunt Solorz-Żak. , it is the most watched television channel in Poland with a market share of 11.30% Polsat belongs to Grupa Polsat Plus ( WSE: CPS), which also owns other channels. In the wake of communism's downfall, Polsat launched in 1993 the first independent television news service in Central and Eastern Europe, revolutionizing the media landscape. On 27 February 2019, the longest-running graphic design (2006–2019) was changed to a new one, and the station's logo was changed again as part of a major overhaul in 2021; however, the sun concept of the logo has remained. A high-definition simulcast feed of Polsat HD was available from 1 September 2009 until 2021. History 1992–1994 When Polsat was in its planning stages, the network was practically unheard of. Network representative Piotr Nurowski together with its first head of feature films Oskar Sobański, entered the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communism
Communism () is a political sociology, sociopolitical, political philosophy, philosophical, and economic ideology, economic ideology within the history of socialism, socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange that allocates products in society based on need.: "One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption." A communist society entails the absence of private property and social classes, and ultimately money and the State (polity), state. Communists often seek a voluntary state of self-governance but disagree on the means to this end. This reflects a distinction between a Libertarian socialism, libertarian socialist approach of communization, revolutionary spontaneity, and workers' self-management, and an authoritarian socialism, authoritarian socialist, vanguardis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freedom Of Press
Freedom of the press or freedom of the media is the fundamental principle that communication and expression through various media, including printed and electronic media, especially published materials, should be considered a right to be exercised freely. Such freedom implies the absence of interference from an overreaching state; its preservation may be sought through a constitution or other legal protection and security. It is in opposition to paid press, where communities, police organizations, and governments are paid for their copyrights. Without respect to governmental information, any government may distinguish which materials are public or protected from disclosure to the public. State materials are protected due to either one of two reasons: the classification of information as sensitive, classified, or secret, or the relevance of the information to protecting the national interest. Many governments are also subject to " sunshine laws" or freedom of information legis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Regime
A communist state, also known as a Marxist–Leninist state, is a one-party state in which the totality of the power belongs to a party adhering to some form of Marxism–Leninism, a branch of the communist ideology. Marxism–Leninism was the state ideology of the Soviet Union, the Comintern after its Bolshevisation, and the communist states within the Comecon, the Eastern Bloc, and the Warsaw Pact. After the peak of Marxism–Leninism, when many communist states were established, the Revolutions of 1989 brought down most of the communist states; however, Communism remained the official ideology of the ruling parties of China, Cuba, Laos, Vietnam, and to a lesser extent, North Korea. During the later part of the 20th century, before the Revolutions of 1989, around one-third of the world's population lived in communist states. Communist states are typically authoritarian and are typically administered through democratic centralism by a single centralised communist part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet Union, it dissolved in 1991. During its existence, it was the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country by area, extending across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and sharing Geography of the Soviet Union#Borders and neighbors, borders with twelve countries, and the List of countries and dependencies by population, third-most populous country. An overall successor to the Russian Empire, it was nominally organized as a federal union of Republics of the Soviet Union, national republics, the largest and most populous of which was the Russian SFSR. In practice, Government of the Soviet Union, its government and Economy of the Soviet Union, economy were Soviet-type economic planning, highly centralized. As a one-party state go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Telegraphic Agency
The Polish Telegraphic Agency (, PAT) was a Polish state-owned news agency established on October 31, 1918. Its main office was at first located in Kraków. Later, it was moved to Lwów, and finally to Warsaw, where it remained until the 1939 Invasion of Poland. As the only such agency in the Second Polish Republic, the PAT was the official supplier of news on Poland both for the Polish press and foreign media (through 14 yearly bulletins issued in a number of languages, including Polish, French, English and German). Since 1927, the PAT also issued a weekly newsreel. After the Soviet and German take-over of Poland in 1939, the PAT continued its service abroad as the news agency of the Polish Government in Exile. In 1991, it was officially united with the Polish Press Agency operating in Poland. It is also considered a distant predecessor of the Polish Information Agency. Operations The bulletins, issued by the PAT, were main source of information about Poland for foreign pres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gazeta Warszawska
(lit. ''Warsaw Gazette'') was the first newspaper published regularly in Warsaw for an extended period of time. Founded in 1774, it remained active under a variety of names until 1935. The names included the (''Warsaw Independent Gazette''; during the Warsaw Uprising (1794)) and , ''Warsaw Morning Gazette'', after the merger with , (2 grosze) in 1925. Initially published by Stefan Łuskina, it remained his personal enterprise until 1793. Defunct after its founder's death, it was revived as a conservative newspaper the following year, this time as a private venture of the Lesznowski family. Among the notable editors of the newspaper were Józef Kenig (1859–1889), Maurycy Zamoyski (1906–1909) and Roman Dmowski (1910–1916). Disbanded in 1916, it was revived again in 1918, this time as an organ of the National Democrats. Drifting towards the far-right, it was officially banned by the Sanacja in 1935, after which it was continued until 1939 under the title ''Warszawski Dzie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monitor (Polish Newspaper)
The ''Monitor'' was one of the first newspapers in Poland, published from 1765 to 1785, during the Polish Enlightenment. Founding ''Monitor'' was founded in March 1765 by Ignacy Krasicki and Franciszek Bohomolec, with active support from Monarchs of Poland, King Stanisław August Poniatowski. It came out weekly, later semi-weekly. Its title was a tribute to the Monitor (1763), "small" Monitor published by Prince Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski. Themes Inspired by the English ''The Spectator (1711), Spectator'' and the spirit of rationalism and religious tolerance, ''Monitor'' has contributed to a negative view of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth under the Wettin (dynasty), Wettin dynasty. The ''Monitor'' advocated reforms and criticized a degenerate Sarmatism, Sarmatian culture and the abuses of "Golden Liberty." Editors * Franciszek Bohomolec * Ignacy Krasicki * Wawrzyniec Mitzler de Kolof] See also * ''Fables and Parables'' * ''Gazeta Narodowa i Obca'' * ''Gazeta Warszawska ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Republic
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. The territory has a varied landscape, diverse ecosystems, and a temperate climate. Poland is composed of Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 million people, and the List of European countries by area, fifth largest EU country by area, covering . The capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city is Warsaw; other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, and Gdańsk. Prehistory and protohistory of Poland, Prehistoric human activity on Polish soil dates to the Lower Paleolithic, with continuous settlement since the end of the Last Gla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merkuriusz Polski Ordynaryjny
''Merkuriusz Polski Ordynaryjny'' (The Polish Mercury Ordinary; original 17th-century Polish spelling: ''Merkuryusz Polski Ordynaryiny''; full title: ''Merkuriusz Polski dzieje wszystkiego świata w sobie zamykający, dla informacji pospolitej'': The Polish Mercury, Encompassing All the World's Affairs, for the Common Knowledge) was the first Polish newspaper (actually, a weekly), published from 1661, first in Kraków, then in Warsaw.''Encyklopedia Polski'', p.404. Though short-lived, it gave its name to several later newspapers, notably the '' Merkuriusz Polski'' published in London, 1955–58. History ''Merkuryusz Polski Ordynaryiny'' first came out in Kraków on 3 January 1661. Sponsored by the court of King John II Casimir of Poland and his consort Queen Marie Louise Gonzaga, the newspaper was a weekly devoted chiefly to contemporary politics, European dynastic affairs, and monarchs' military campaigns. With regard to internal affairs, it promoted political reforms and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
