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Media Freedom In Russia
The current government of Russia maintains laws and practices that make it difficult for directors of mass-media outlets to carry out independent policies. These laws and practices also hinder the ability of journalists to access sources of information and to work without outside pressure. Media inside Russia includes television and radio channels, periodicals, and Internet media, which according to the laws of the Russian Federation may be either state or private property. , Russia ranked 164 out of 180 countries in the Press Freedom Index compiled by Reporters Without Borders. Despite the constitution's provision of freedom of speech, the authorities possess significant discretion to suppress any speech, organization, or activity lacking official support due to ambiguous extremism laws. The government dominates the media landscape by controlling the majority of the national television networks, radio and print outlets, and media advertising market, either directly or through ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Press Freedom 2025
Press may refer to: Media * Publisher * News media * Printing press, commonly called "the press" * Press TV, an Iranian television network Newspapers United States * ''The Press'', a former name of ''The Press-Enterprise (California), The Press-Enterprise'', Riverside, California * ''The Ridgefield Press'', Ridgefield, Connecticut, published weekly * ''The Grand Rapids Press'', Grand Rapids, Michigan * ''The Oakland Press'', Oakland County, Michigan * ''The Press of Atlantic City'', Atlantic City, New Jersey * ''Riverdale Press'', Bronx, New York City, New York, a weekly publication * ''The Dickinson Press'', Dickinson, North Dakota * ''Cleveland Press'', Cleveland, Ohio, published from 1876 to 1982 * ''The Philadelphia Press'', Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, published from 1857 to 1920 * ''The Pittsburgh Press'', a historic newspaper in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, that ceased publication in 1991 * ''The Sheboygan Press'', Sheboygan, Wisconsin Elsewhere * ''The Press'', online student ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. Headquartered in New York City, the group investigates and reports on issues including War crime, war crimes, crimes against humanity, Child labour, child labor, torture, human trafficking, and Women's rights, women's and LGBTQ rights. It pressures governments, policymakers, companies, and individual abusers to respect human rights, and frequently works on behalf of refugees, children, migrants, and political prisoners. The organization was founded in 1978 as Helsinki Watch, whose purpose was to monitor the Soviet Union's compliance with the 1975 Helsinki Accords. Its separate global divisions merged into Human Rights Watch in 1988. The group publishes annual reports on about 100 countries with the goal of providing an overview of the worldwide state of human rights. In 1997, HRW shared the Nobel Peace Prize as a founding member of the International C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Militsiya
''Militsiya'' ( rus, милиция, 3=mʲɪˈlʲitsɨjə, 5=, ) were the police forces in the Soviet Union until 1991, in several Eastern Bloc countries (1945–1992), and in the Non-Aligned Movement, non-aligned Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, SFR Yugoslavia (1945–1992). The term ''Militsiya'' continues to be used in common and sometimes official usage in some of the individual former Soviet republics such as Belarus, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as in the partially recognised or unrecognised republics of Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Transnistria. In Law enforcement in Russia, Russian law enforcement, the term remained in official usage until the Russian police reform, police reform of 2011. Name and status The name ''militsiya'' as applied to police forces originates from a Russian Provisional Government decree dated April 17, 1917, and from History of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union (1917–1927), early Soviet history: both the Provision ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glasnost Defence Foundation
Glasnost Defense Foundation is a non-profit organization with the stated goals of the defense of journalists, journalism, and freedom of expression in Russia. Its president is Alexei Simonov, a member of the Moscow Helsinki Group and the Presidential Council on Civil Society and Human Rights. Glasnost Defense Foundation (GDF) was organized on June 6, 1991, by Yegor Yakovlev, Vladimir Molchanov, Igor Golembiovsky, Mark Rozovsky, Elem Klimov, Aleksei German and other prominent Russian filmmakers and journalists. It provides legal help to journalists in conflict situations, supports the families of dead journalists and records individual cases of journalist's rights violations in Russia in collaboration with Reporters Without Borders and Amnesty International. Reports The list of criminal cases compiled by the Glasnost Defense Foundation in 2006 represents 1,345 conflicts including 9 killed and 69 assaulted journalists. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Committee To Protect Journalists
The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization based in New York City, with correspondents around the world. CPJ promotes press freedom and defends the rights of journalists. The '' American Journalism Review'' has called the organization "Journalism's Red Cross." Since the late 1980s, CPJ has published an annual census of journalists killed or imprisoned in relation to their work. History and programs The Committee to Protect Journalists was founded in 1981 in response to the harassment of Paraguayan journalist Alcibiades González Delvalle. Its founding honorary chairman was Walter Cronkite. Since 1991, it has held the annual CPJ International Press Freedom Awards Dinner, during which awards are given to journalists and press freedom advocates who have received beatings, threats, intimidation, and prison for reporting the news. Since 1992, the organization has compiled an annual list of all journalists killed in the line of duty a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Journalists Killed In Russia
The Media freedom in Russia#Assaults on journalists, dangers to journalists in Russia have been known since the early 1990s but concern over the number of unsolved killings soared after Assassination of Anna Politkovskaya, Anna Politkovskaya's murder in Moscow on 7 October 2006. While international monitors mentioned a dozen deaths, some sources within Russia talked of over two hundred fatalities. The evidence has since been examined and documented in two reports, published in Russian and English, by international organizations. These revealed a basic confusion in terminology that explained the seemingly enormous numerical discrepancy: statistics of premature death among journalists (from work accidents, crossfire incidents, and purely criminal or domestic cases of manslaughter) were repeatedly equated with the much smaller number of targeted (contract) killings or work-related murders. It is worth considering that while not all murders can be linked directly to the Kremlin, the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organized Crime
Organized crime is a category of transnational organized crime, transnational, national, or local group of centralized enterprises run to engage in illegal activity, most commonly for profit. While organized crime is generally thought of as a form of illegal business, some criminal organizations, such as terrorist organizations, terrorist groups, rebel groups, and Separatism, separatists, are politically motivated. Many criminal organizations rely on fear or terror to achieve their goals or aims as well as to maintain control within the organization and may adopt tactics commonly used by authoritarianism, authoritarian regimes to maintain power. Some forms of organized crime simply exist to cater towards demand of illegal goods in a state or to facilitate trade of goods and services that may have been banned by a state (such as illegal drugs or firearms). Sometimes, criminal organizations force people to do business with them, such as when a gang extorts protection racket, protec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chechnya
Chechnya, officially the Chechen Republic, is a Republics of Russia, republic of Russia. It is situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, between the Caspian Sea and Black Sea. The republic forms a part of the North Caucasian Federal District, and shares land borders with Georgia (country), Georgia to its south; with the Russian republics of Dagestan, Ingushetia, and North Ossetia–Alania to its east, north, and west; and with Stavropol Krai to its northwest. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Chechnya and Ingushetia in the Soviet Union, Checheno-Ingush ASSR split into two parts: the Republic of Ingushetia and the Chechen Republic. The latter proclaimed the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, which declared independence, while the former sided with Russia. Following the First Chechen War of 1994–1996 with Russia, Chechnya gained ''de facto'' independence as the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, although ''de jure'' it remained a part of Russia. Russian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Remembrance Day Of Journalists Killed In The Line Of Duty
Remembrance Day of Journalists Killed in the Line of Duty () is a remembrance day, observed on December 15 in Russia in memory of journalists who died while performing their professional duties. The day was established by the Union of Journalists of Russia (RUJ) in 1991, following the deaths of journalist Viktor Nogin and cameraman Gennadi Kurennoy in the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in September that year after their car came under fire from Serbian fighters. In Moscow the day is observed at Nikitsky Boulevard. According to representatives of the Union of Journalists of Russia, between 10 and 20 journalists are killed each year in Russia under various circumstances. According to the OSCE representative for the freedom of the press Freedom of the press or freedom of the media is the fundamental principle that communication and expression through various media, including printed and electronic Media (communication), media, especially publication, publish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Politkovskaya
Anna Stepanovna Politkovskaya (; 30 August 1958 – 7 October 2006) was a Russians, Russian investigative journalist who reported on political and social events in Russia, in particular, the Second Chechen War (1999–2005). It was her reporting from Chechnya that made her national and international reputation. For seven years, she refused to give up reporting on the war despite numerous acts of intimidation and violence. Politkovskaya was arrested by Russian military forces in Chechnya and subjected to a mock execution. She was poisoned while flying from Moscow via Rostov-on-Don to help resolve the 2004 Beslan school hostage crisis, and had to turn back, requiring careful medical treatment in Moscow to restore her health. Her post-1999 articles about conditions in Chechnya were turned into books several times; Russian readers' main access to her investigations and publications was through ''Novaya Gazeta'', a Russian newspaper that featured critical investigative coverage of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Lukin
Vladimir Petrovich Lukin, sometimes (rarely and erroneously) Lokin, (; born 13 July 1937) is a Russian politician who served as Human Rights Commissioner of Russia from February 2004 to March 2014. He was the President of the Russian Paralympic Committee from 1997 to 2021. He was the Russian Ambassador to the United States from 1992 to 1994. Political activity In 1990s, Lukin was one of the founders of the liberal-democratic Yabloko Party (the letter L in "Yabloko" came from his name). He previously served as the deputy chairman of the Russian Duma, chair of the Duma's Foreign Affairs Committee and as Ombudsman. He is a director on the board of the Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI), and is also a former Ambassador to the United States. He is considered a long-time specialist in U.S.-Soviet/Russian strategic arms control issues and is a member of Russia's Council on Foreign and Defense Policy, an independent association of national security experts. On 18 February 2009, at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Russia
The Russian Government () or fully titled the Government of the Russian Federation () is the highest federal executive governmental body of the Russian Federation. It is accountable to the president of the Russian Federation and controlled by the State Duma. The status and procedure of its activities are determined by chapter 6 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the provisions of the federal constitutional law "On the Government of the Russian Federation". The Government's terms of reference include the development and enforcement of the federal budget and the implementation of socially oriented government policies in various cultural areas of Russian society. Although the Government of the Russian Federation does not adopt laws, its responsibilities include issuing federal by-laws (resolutions) based on federal laws passed by the Federal Assembly. According to the 1991 amendment to the 1978 constitution, the president of Russia was the head of the executi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
