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Master Shot
A master shot (or short master) is a film recording of an entire dramatized scene, start to finish, from a camera angle that keeps all the players in view. It is often a long shot and can sometimes perform a double function as an establishing shot. Usually, the master shot is the first shot checked off during the shooting of a scene. It is the foundation of what is called camera coverage, other shots that reveal different aspects of the action, groupings of two or three of the actors at crucial moments, close-ups of individuals, insert shots of various props, and so on. Historically, the master shot was the most important shot of any given scene. All shots in a given scene were somehow related to what was happening in the master shot. This is one reason that some of the films from the 1930s and the 1940s are considered "stagey" by today's standards. By the 1960s and the 1970s, the style of film shooting and editing Editing is the process of selecting and preparing wri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Film
A film, also known as a movie or motion picture, is a work of visual art that simulates experiences and otherwise communicates ideas, stories, perceptions, emotions, or atmosphere through the use of moving images that are generally, since the 1930s, synchronized with sound and (less commonly) other sensory stimulations. Etymology and alternative terms The name "film" originally referred to the thin layer of photochemical emulsion on the celluloid strip that used to be the actual medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual motion-picture, including "picture", "picture show", "moving picture", "photoplay", and "flick". The most common term in the United States is "movie", while in Europe, "film" is preferred. Archaic terms include "animated pictures" and "animated photography". "Flick" is, in general a slang term, first recorded in 1926. It originates in the verb flicker, owing to the flickering appearance of early films ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camera Angle
The camera angle marks the specific location at which the movie camera or video camera is placed to take a shot. A scene may be shot from several camera angles simultaneously. This will give a different experience and sometimes emotion. The different camera angles will have different effects on the viewer and how they perceive the scene that is shot. There are a few different routes that a camera operator could take to achieve this effect. Angles and their impact Types of angles include the following: * Extreme wide shot * Very wide shot * Wide shot * Medium shot * Two shot * Medium close-up * Close-up * Extreme close-up Where the camera is placed in relation to the subject can affect the way the viewer perceives the subject. Some of these many camera angles are the high-angle shot, low-angle shot, bird's-eye view, and worm's-eye view. A viewpoint is the apparent distance and angle from which the camera views and records the subject. They also include the eye-level sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Long Shot
In photography, filmmaking and video production, a wide shot (sometimes referred to as a full shot or long shot) is a shot that typically shows the entire object or human figure and is usually intended to place it in some relation to its surroundings. These are typically shot now using wide-angle lenses (an approximately 25 mm lens in 35 mm photography and 10 mm lens in 16 mm photography). However, due to sheer distance, establishing shots and extremely wide shots can use almost any camera type. History This type of filmmaking was a result of filmmakers trying to retain the sense of the viewer watching a play in front of them, as opposed to just a series of pictures. The wide shot has been used since films have been made as it is a very basic type of cinematography. In 1878, one of the first true motion pictures, '' Sallie Gardner at a Gallop'', was released. Even though this wouldn't be considered a film in the current motion picture industry, it was a h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Establishing Shot
An establishing shot in filmmaking and television production sets up, or establishes, the context for a scene by showing the relationship between its important figures and objects. It is generally a long or extreme-long shot at the beginning of a scene indicating where, and sometimes when, the remainder of the scene takes place. Establishing shots were more common during the classical era Classical antiquity, also known as the classical era, classical period, classical age, or simply antiquity, is the period of cultural European history between the 8th century BC and the 5th century AD comprising the interwoven civilization ... of filmmaking than they are now. Today's filmmakers tend to skip the establishing shot in order to move the scene along more quickly, or merely mention the setting in on-screen text (as is done in the ''Law & Order'' franchise). In addition, the expositional nature of the shot may be unsuitable to scenes in mysteries, where details are intentio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camera Coverage
Camera coverage, or coverage, is the amount and kind of footage shot used to capture a scene in filmmaking and video production. The film editor uses coverage in post-production to assemble the Final cut (film editing), final cut. Coverage in cinematography The coverage technique involves shooting from more positions than will be used in the final film, allowing the director to choose shots during the editing process. This avoids the need to bring back cast and crew for later Pick-up (filmmaking), pickups and reshoots if the director is unsatisfied with the results from the camera positions that were originally planned. Even meticulously preplanned, storyboarded, and rehearsed films may find a need for coverage. Coverage also allows the editor to take control of a performance, adjusting the timing so that the audience's needs (rather than those of the director or actor) are met. There are generally four types of cinematography: *The master scene method: The scene is shot from begin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shot (film)
In filmmaking and video production, a shot is a series of frames that runs for an uninterrupted period of time. Film shots are an essential aspect of a movie where angles, transitions and cuts are used to further express emotion, ideas and movement. The term "shot" can refer to two different parts of the filmmaking process: #In production, a shot is the moment that the camera starts rolling until the moment it stops. #In film editing, a shot is the continuous footage or sequence between two edits or cuts.Ascher, Steven, and Edward Pincus. ''The Filmmaker's Handbook: A Comprehensive Guide for the Digital Age''. New York: Plume, 1999. p. 214. Etymology The term "shot" is derived from the early days of film production when cameras were hand-cranked, and operated similarly to the hand-cranked machine guns of the time. That is, a cameraman would "shoot" film the way someone would "shoot" bullets from a machine gun. Categories of shots Shots can be categorized in a number ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Close-ups
A close-up or closeup in filmmaking, television production, still photography, and the comic strip medium is a type of shot that tightly frames a person or object. Close-ups are one of the standard shots used regularly with medium and long shots (cinematic techniques). Close-ups display the most detail, but they do not include the broader scene. Moving toward or away from a close-up is a common type of zooming. A close up is taken from head to neck, giving the viewer a detailed view of the subject's face. History Most early filmmakers, such as Thomas Edison, Auguste and Louis Lumière and Georges Méliès, tended not to use close-ups and preferred to frame their subjects in long shots, similar to the stage. Film historians disagree as to the filmmaker who first used a close-up. One of the best claims is for George Albert Smith in Hove, who used medium close-ups in films as early as 1898 and by 1900 was incorporating extreme close-ups in films such as ''As Seen Through a T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insert (film)
In film, an insert is a shot of part of a scene (filming), scene as filmed from a different angle and/or focal length from the master shot. Inserts cover action already covered in the master shot, but emphasize a different aspect of that action due to the different framing. An insert differs from a Cutaway (filmmaking), cutaway as cutaways cover action ''not'' covered in the master shot. There are more exact terms to use when the new, inserted shot is another view of actors: close-up, head shot, knee shot, Two Shot, two shot. So the term "insert" is often confined to views of objects—and body parts, other than the head. Often inserts of this sort are done separately from the main action, by a second-unit director using stand-ins. Inserts and Cutaway (filmmaking), cutaways can both be vexatious for directors, as care must be taken to preserve Continuity (fiction), continuity by keeping the objects in the same relative position as in the main take, and having the lighting be the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filmmaking
Filmmaking or film production is the process by which a Film, motion picture is produced. Filmmaking involves a number of complex and discrete stages, beginning with an initial story, idea, or commission. Production then continues through screenwriting, Casting (performing arts), casting, pre-production, Principal photography, shooting, Sound recording and reproduction, sound recording, post-production, and screening the finished product before an audience, which may result in a film release and exhibition. The process is nonlinear, in that the filmmaker typically shoots the script out of sequence, repeats shots as needed, and puts them together through editing later. Filmmaking occurs in a variety of economic, social, and political contexts around the world, and uses a variety of technologies and cinematic techniques to make theatrical films, episodic films for television and streaming platforms, music videos, and promotional and educational films. Although filmmaking originally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Film Editing
Film editing is both a creative and a technical part of the post-production process of filmmaking. The term is derived from the traditional process of working with film stock, film which increasingly involves the use Digital cinema, of digital technology. When putting together some sort of video composition, typically, one would need a collection of shots and footages that vary from one another. The act of adjusting the shots someone has already taken, and turning them into something new is known as film editing. The film editor works with raw footage, selecting Shot (filmmaking), shots and combining them into Sequence (filmmaking), sequences which create a finished Film, motion picture. Film editing is described as an art or skill, the only art that is unique to cinema, separating filmmaking from other art forms that preceded it, although there are close parallels to the editing process in other art forms such as poetry and novel writing. Film editing is an extremely important ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cinematic Techniques
This article contains a list of cinematic techniques that are divided into categories and briefly described. Basic definitions of terms ;180-degree rule :A continuity editorial technique in which sequential shots of two or more actors within a scene are all shot with the camera on one side of the two actors so that a coherent spatial relationship and eyeline match are maintained. ;Airborne shot :A shot taken from an aerial device, generally while moving. This technique has gained popularity in recent years due to the popularity and growing availability of drones. ;Arc :A dolly shot where the camera moves in an arc along a circular or elliptical radius in relation to the subject ("arc left" or "arc right") ; Backlighting (lighting design) :The main source of light is behind the subject, silhouetting it, and directed toward the camera. ;Bridging shot :A shot used to cover a jump in time or place or other discontinuity. Examples are a clock face showing advancing time, falling c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
