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Mariana Grajales Women's Platoon
The Mariana Grajales Women's Platoon (), or , was an all-female military platoon created by Fidel Castro, Celia Sánchez, and Haydée Santamaría during the 26th of July Movement on 4 September 1958, named after the Cuban icon Mariana Grajales Cuello who served in the Cuban War of Independence. History After a group of women led by Isabel Rielo pleaded with Fidel Castro to create a women's unit, Castro summoned the leaders of the rebel army for a debate on 3 September 1958. After seven hours of discussion, at about 1a.m. Castro authorized the creation of the platoon. Isabel Rielo was selected to lead the platoon as the result of a shooting test. It is estimated by several accounts that women only made up about 5% of the total rebel forces during the Cuban Revolution. So the Mariana Grajales Platoon, which was composed of 13 young women, was a unique component of the revolutionary army. The platoon was essential in the rebels' 28 September 1958 victory over the Batista forces a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
26th Of July Movement
The 26 July Movement (; M-26-7) was a Cuban vanguard revolutionary organization and later a political party led by Fidel Castro. The movement's name commemorates the failed 1953 attack on the Moncada Barracks in Santiago de Cuba, part of an attempt to overthrow the dictator Fulgencio Batista. M-26-7 is considered the leading organization of the Cuban Revolution. At the end of 1956, Castro established a guerrilla base in the Sierra Maestra. This base defeated the troops of Batista on 31 December 1958, setting into motion the Cuban Revolution and installing a government led by Manuel Urrutia Lleó. The Movement fought the Batista regime on both rural and urban fronts. The movement's main objectives were distribution of land to peasants, nationalization of public services, industrialization, honest elections, and large-scale education reform. In July 1961, the 26th of July Movement was one of the parties that integrated into the Integrated Revolutionary Organization (ORI) as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federation Of Cuban Women
The Federation of Cuban Women () (FMC) was established in 1948 by a group of activists including Mirta Aguirre, María Argüelles, Edith García Buchaca, Ana M. Hidalgo, Celia Machado, Candelaria Rodríguez, Caridad Sánchez, Cipriana Vidaurreta, and María Josefa Vidaurreta as the (Democratic Federation of Cuban Women). García was the first president of the organization, which immediately became affiliated with the Women's International Democratic Federation. In 1960, it was reorganized as the under the revolutionary government, with Vilma Espín as its president. Espin fought in the Sierra Maestras with Fidel Castro and Raul Castro, Raúl Castro and married Raúl in 1959. She was the president of the FMC until her death in 2007. The FMC was deeply involved in the 1961 Cuban literacy campaign and in supplying workers after the mass exodus of trained labor following the Revolution. It also plays an integral role in Cuban disaster risk reduction, undertaking an annual vulnerability ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1958 In Cuba
Events January * January 1 – The European Economic Community (EEC) comes into being. * January 3 – The West Indies Federation is formed. * January 4 ** Edmund Hillary's Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition completes the third overland journey to the South Pole, the first to use powered vehicles. ** Sputnik 1 (launched on October 4, 1957) falls towards Earth from its orbit and burns up. * January 13 – Battle of Edchera: The Moroccan Army of Liberation ambushes a Spanish patrol. * January 27 – A Soviet-American executive agreement on cultural, educational and scientific exchanges, also known as the " Lacy–Zarubin Agreement", is signed in Washington, D.C. February * February 1 – Egypt and Syria unite to form the United Arab Republic. * February 2 – The ''Falcons'' aerobatic team of the Pakistan Air Force led by Wg Cdr Mitty Masud set a world record performing a 16 aircraft diamond loop in F-86 Sabres. 30,000 people àre in attendance including Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dickey Chapelle
Georgette Louise Meyer (March 14, 1919 – November 4, 1965) known as Dickey Chapelle was an American photojournalist known for her work as a war correspondent from World War II through to her death in the Vietnam War. Early life Chapelle was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and attended Shorewood High School. By the age of sixteen, she was attending aeronautical design classes at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She soon returned home, where she worked at a local airfield, hoping to learn to pilot airplanes instead of designing them. However, when her mother learned that she was also having an affair with one of the pilots, Chapelle was forced to live with her grandparents in Coral Gables, Florida. There, she wrote press releases for an air show, which led to an assignment in Havana, Cuba. A story on a Cuban air show disaster that Chapelle submitted to ''The New York Times'' got her noticed by an editor at Transcontinental and Western Air (TWA), which prompted her to m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces
The Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces (; FAR) are the military forces of Cuba. They include Cuban Revolutionary Army, Revolutionary Army, Cuban Revolutionary Navy, Revolutionary Navy, Cuban Revolutionary Air and Air Defense Force, Revolutionary Air and Air Defense Force, and other paramilitary bodies including the Territorial Troops Militia ( – MTT), Youth Labor Army ( – EJT), and the Defense and Production Brigades ( – BPD), plus the Civil Defense Organization ( – DCC) and the National Reserves Institution ( – INRE). All these groups are subordinated to the Ministry of the Revolutionary Armed Forces (Cuba), Ministry of the Revolutionary Armed Forces ( – MINFAR). The armed forces have long been the most powerful institution in Cuba. The military manages many enterprises in key economic sectors representing about 4% of the Cuban economy. The military has also served as former Communist Party of Cuba, Cuban Communist Party First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julio Casas Regueiro
Corps General Julio Casas Regueiro (February 18, 1936 – September 3, 2011) was a Cuban politician. He was a vice-president of the Council of State of Cuba, Council of State and the Ministry of the Revolutionary Armed Forces (Cuba), minister of defense. Previously, Regueiro was the deputy minister of MINFAR in charge of economic activity and was in charge of Cuba's holding company, GAE SA, which is the holding company for the commercial activities belonging to MINFAR, the Cuban Armed Forces Ministry. It manages much of Cuba's lucrative tourist industry (such as the company Gaviota) along with agriculture, import-export businesses, retail stores and other enterprises. On February 24, 2008, he was named as one of Cuba's vice-presidentsAnita Snow"Raul Castro Becomes Cuba's Leader" Associated Press, February 24, 2008. and as minister of defense, succeeding long-time defense minister Raúl Castro, who was named as President of Cuba on the same day. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Committee Of The Communist Party Of Vietnam
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam ( Vietnamese: ''Ban Chấp hành Trung ương Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam''), commonly the Party Central Committee (PCC; - or ), is the highest organ between two national congresses and the organ of authority of the Communist Party of Vietnam, the sole ruling party in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. History The Central Committee was established on 3 February 1930 when the Communist Party of Indochina and the Communist Party of Annam merged. In between Central Committee plenary sessions the main decision-making bodies of the party are the Politburo A politburo () or political bureau is the highest organ of the central committee in communist parties. The term is also sometimes used to refer to similar organs in socialist and Islamist parties, such as the UK Labour Party's NEC or the Poli ... and the Secretariat. The Central Committee has been led since its establishment in 1930 by the General Secretary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nguyễn Thị Định
Madame Nguyễn Thị Định (; 15 March 1920 – 26 August 1992) was the first female general of the Vietnam People's Army during the Vietnam War and the first female Vice President of Vietnam. Her role in the war was as National Liberation Front deputy commander, and was described as "the most important Southern woman revolutionary in the war". Furthermore, she was commander of an all-female force known as the Long-Haired Army, which engaged in espionage and combat against ARVN and US Forces. Biography Định was born from a peasant family in Bến Tre Province, and fought with the Viet Minh forces against the French. She was arrested and incarcerated by the French colonial authority between 1940–43, and helped lead an insurrection in Bến Tre in 1945, and again in 1960 (against the government of Ngô Đình Diệm). In that period, she lost her first husband while incarcerated by French authorities. She was a founding member of the National Liberation Front (NLF) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vilma Espín
Vilma Lucila Espín Guillois (7 April 1930 – 18 June 2007) was a Cuban revolutionary, feminist, and chemical engineer. She helped supply and organize the 26th of July Movement as an underground spy, and took an active role in many branches of the Cuban government from the conclusion of the revolution to her death. Espín helped found the Federation of Cuban Women and promoted equal rights for Cuban women in all spheres of life. As the wife of Raúl Castro and the sister-in-law of Fidel Castro, she was essentially the First Lady of Cuba for about 45 years. Early life and education Vilma Espín Guillois was born on 7 April 1930, in Santiago de Cuba. She was the daughter of a wealthy Cuban lawyer, Jose Espín and wife Margarita Guillois. She had four siblings, Nilsa, Iván, Sonia and José. Espín attended Academia Pérez-Peña for primary school and studied ballet and singing at the Asociación Pro-Arte Cubano during the 1940s. In the 1950s, she studied chemical engineering at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teté Puebla
Delsa Esther Puebla Viltre (born 9 December 1940), known by the ''nom de guerre'' Teté Puebla, is a Cuban politician and former guerrilla fighter. She is the head of Cuba's Office of Veterans' Affairs (Spanish: ''Oficina de Atención a Combatientes'') and a member of Cuba's parliament, the National Assembly of People's Power, representing Havana. During the Cuban Revolution, Puebla fought as one of Fidel Castro's guerillas in the Sierra Maestra mountains as part of the Mariana Grajales Women's Platoon. In July 1996 she was promoted to brigadier general in the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces, becoming the first female general in the nation's history. Early life Puebla was born in Yara, in the foothills of the Sierra Maestra mountains where she would later fight as a guerrilla. Her large peasant family had nine children and Puebla was raised by her grandparents. Cuban Revolution The brutal repression of dictator Fulgencio Batista's death squads in Yara drove Puebla to support a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
