María Clara
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María Clara
María Clara de Tolitol is a fictional character in Jose Rizal's novel '' Noli Me Tángere'' (1887). The beautiful María Clara is the childhood sweetheart and fiancée of the protagonist, Crisóstomo Ibarra, who returns to his Filipino hometown of San Diego to marry her. After Ibarra is implicated in a fake revolution and is thought to be dead, María Clara opts to become a nun rather than marry another man. She remains unhappy for the rest of her life and her death is later mentioned in the sequel, '' El filibusterismo'' (1891). Description In the novel, María Clara is regarded as the most beautiful and celebrated lady in the town of San Diego. A devout Roman Catholic, she became the epitome of virtue; "demure and self-effacing" and endowed with beauty, grace and charm, she was promoted by Rizal as the "ideal image" of a Filipino woman who deserves to be placed on the "pedestal of male honour". In Chapter 5, María Clara and her traits were further described by Rizal as a ...
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Noli Me Tángere (novel)
''Noli Me Tángere'' (Latin for "Touch Me Not") is a novel by Filipino writer and activist José Rizal and was published during the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. It explores inequities in law and practice in terms of the treatment by the ruling government and the Spanish Catholic friars of the resident peoples in the late 19th century. Originally written by Rizal in Spanish, the book has since been more commonly published and read in the Philippines in either Tagalog (the major indigenous language), or English. The Rizal Law requires ''Noli'', published in 1887, and its 1891 sequel, '' El filibusterismo'', to be read by all high school students throughout the country. ''Noli'' is studied in Grade 9 and in Grade 10. The two novels are widely considered to be the national epic of the Philippines. They have been adapted in many forms, such as operas, musicals, plays, and other forms of art. The title originates from the Biblical passage John 20:13-17. In Ri ...
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Chastity
Chastity, also known as purity, is a virtue related to temperance. Someone who is ''chaste'' refrains from sexual activity that is considered immoral or from any sexual activity, according to their state of life. In some contexts, for example when making a vow of chastity, chastity means celibacy. Etymology The words ''chaste'' and ''chastity'' stem from the Latin adjective ("cut off", "separated", "pure"). The words entered the English language around the middle of the 13th century. ''Chaste'' meant "virtuous", "pure from unlawful sexual intercourse" or (from the early 14th century on) as a noun, a virgin, while ''chastity'' meant "(sexual) purity". Thomas Aquinas links (chastity) to the Latin verb ("chastise, reprimand, correct"), with a reference to Aristotle's '' Nicomachean Ethics'': "Chastity takes its name from the fact that reason 'chastises' concupiscence, which, like a child, needs curbing, as the Philosopher states". In Abrahamic religions For many Jews, C ...
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TV5 (Philippine TV Network)
TV5 is a Philippine free-to-air television and radio network headquartered in Mandaluyong, with additional studios in Novaliches, Quezon City. TV5 serves as the flagship network of TV5 Network Inc, which is owned by MediaQuest Holdings, the multimedia subsidiary of the telecommunications conglomerate PLDT. Since 2010, TV5 has been branded as "The Kapatid Network", using the Filipino word for "sibling". TV5's flagship station, DWET-TV, broadcasts on VHF Channel 5 for analog, UHF Channel 18 for digital, and UHF Channel 51 for digital test transmission, with the latter licensed to its sister company, Mediascape/Cignal TV. The network operates seven additional owned-and-operated stations and has 13 affiliate television stations across the Philippines. TV5's programming is available through cable and satellite providers nationwide, and its content can be accessed internationally via Kapatid Channel, AksyonTV International, and PBA Rush. History Early years (1960–1972 ...
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Noli Me Tángere (1961 Film)
Noli me tangere ("do not touch me") is the Latin version of words spoken by Jesus to Mary Magdalene. Noli me tangere may also refer to: * Noli Me Tangere (Bernini), ''Noli Me Tangere'' (Bernini), a sculptural arrangement in the church of Santi Domenico e Sisto, in Rome * Noli me tangere (Bramantino), ''Noli me tangere'' (Bramantino), a c. 1500 painting * Noli Me Tángere (novel), ''Noli Me Tángere'' (novel) (1887), by José Rizal ** ''Noli Me Tángere'', a 1930 List of lost films#1930s, lost film adaptation of the novel ** Noli Me Tangere (opera), ''Noli Me Tangere'' (opera) (1957), opera based on Rizal's novel ** Noli Me Tángere (film), ''Noli Me Tángere'' (film), a 1961 Philippine period drama film * Noli me tangere (Titian), ''Noli me tangere'' (Titian), painted circa 1514 * Noli me tangere casket, ''Noli me tangere'' casket, a reliquary of the Aachen Cathedral Treasury, now destroyed * Noli me tangere (Sustris), ''Noli me tangere'' (Sustris) * Noli me tangere (Correggio), ''N ...
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María Clara Doctrine
The María Clara doctrine, also known as the Woman's Honor doctrine, is a legal doctrine applied by Philippine courts regarding cases that concern abuse against women. The doctrine is a presumption "that women, especially Filipinas, would not admit that they have been abused unless that abuse had actually happened." It was a part of case law in the Philippines for some considerable time but was repudiated by the Supreme Court of the Philippines in 2018. Etymology The doctrine was named after María Clara from José Rizal's novel '' Noli Me Tángere''. Clara is characterized as reserved and shy and was later considered an "ideal" role model for women in Filipino culture, although such notion was imposed by Spanish colonizers. This contrasted the ideal of women being more assertive, independent and courageous which dates back to the precolonial era. Legal history The doctrine became a part of the Supreme Court of the Philippines' jurisprudence some time in 1960 following the '' ...
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María Clara Gown
The María Clara gown, historically known as the ''traje de mestiza'' during the Spanish colonial era, is a type of traditional dress worn by women in the Philippines. It is an aristocratic version of the ''baro't saya''. It takes its name from María Clara, the mestiza protagonist of the novel '' Noli Me Tángere'', penned in 1887 by Filipino nationalist José Rizal. It is traditionally made out of piña, the same material used for the barong tagalog.Moreno, Jose "Pitoy"– Maria Clara Philippine Costume, koleksyon.com, archived from the original on July 13, 2011. A unified gown version of the dress with butterfly sleeves popularized in the first half of the 20th century by Philippine National Artist Ramon Valera is known as the ''terno'', which also has a shorter casual and cocktail dress version known as the ''balintawak''. The masculine equivalent of ''baro't saya'' is the barong tagalog. These traditional women's dresses in the Philippines are collectively known as ...
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Eponym
An eponym is a noun after which or for which someone or something is, or is believed to be, named. Adjectives derived from the word ''eponym'' include ''eponymous'' and ''eponymic''. Eponyms are commonly used for time periods, places, innovations, biological nomenclature, astronomical objects, works of art and media, and tribal names. Various orthographic conventions are used for eponyms. Usage of the word The term ''eponym'' functions in multiple related ways, all based on an explicit relationship between two named things. ''Eponym'' may refer to a person or, less commonly, a place or thing for which someone or something is, or is believed to be, named. ''Eponym'' may also refer to someone or something named after, or believed to be named after, a person or, less commonly, a place or thing. A person, place, or thing named after a particular person share an eponymous relationship. In this way, Elizabeth I of England is the eponym of the Elizabethan era, but the Elizabethan ...
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Wenceslao Retana
Wenceslao Emilio Retana y Gamboa (28 September 1862 – 21 January 1924), also known as W. E. Retana or Wenceslao E. Retana, was a 19th-century Spanish polymath. A civil servant, colonial administrator, biographer, political commentator, publisher, bibliographer, and Filipinologist, Retana was a "onetime adversary" of Philippine national hero José Rizal José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (, ; June 19, 1861 – December 30, 1896) was a Filipino nationalist, writer and polymath active at the end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is popularly considered a na ... who later became an admirer who wrote the first biographical account of the life of Rizal, entitled '' Vida y Escritos del Dr. José Rizal'' (''The Life and Writings of Dr. José Rizal'').Roces, Alejandro RRizal's Death Anniversary philstar.com, 29 December 2009.Yoder, Robert L from footnotes of Chapter 18: Rizal the Man, joserizal.info Rosa M. Vallejo described Retana as the " ...
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Philippine Daily Inquirer
The ''Philippine Daily Inquirer'' (''PDI''), or simply the ''Inquirer'', is an English-language newspaper in the Philippines. Founded in 1985, it is often regarded as the Philippines' newspaper of record. The newspaper is the most awarded broadsheet in the Philippines and the multimedia group, called The Inquirer Group, reaches 54 million people across several platforms. History The ''Philippine Daily Inquirer'' was founded on December 9, 1985, by publisher Eugenia Apóstol, columnist Max Solivén, together with Betty Go-Belmonte during the last days of, and becoming one of the first private newspapers to be established under the Presidency of Ferdinand Marcos, Marcos regime. The ''Inquirer'' succeeded the weekly ''Philippine Inquirer'', created in 1985 by Apostol to cover the trial of 25 soldiers accused of complicity in the Assassination of Ninoy Aquino, assassination of opposition leader Ninoy Aquino at Ninoy Aquino International Airport, Manila International Airport on Augu ...
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Human Female Sexuality
Human female sexuality encompasses a broad range of behaviors and processes, including female sexual identity and sexual behavior, the physiological, psychological, social, cultural, political, and spiritual or religious aspects of sexual activity. Various aspects and dimensions of female sexuality, as a part of human sexuality, have also been addressed by principles of ethics, morality, and theology. In almost any historical era and culture, the arts, including literary and visual arts, as well as popular culture, present a substantial portion of a given society's views on human sexuality, which includes both implicit (covert) and explicit (overt) aspects and manifestations of feminine sexuality and behavior. In most societies and legal jurisdictions, there are legal bounds on what sexual behavior is permitted. Sexuality varies across the cultures and regions of the world, and has continually changed throughout history, and this also applies to female sexuality. Aspects of f ...
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History Of The Philippines (1565–1898)
The history of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 is known as the Spanish colonial period, during which the Philippine Islands were ruled as the Captaincy General of the Philippines within the Spanish East Indies, initially under the Viceroyalty of New Spain, based in Mexico City, until the independence of the Mexican Empire from Spain in 1821. This resulted in direct Spanish control during a period of governmental instability there. The first documented European contact with the Philippines was made in 1521 by Ferdinand Magellan in his circumnavigation expedition, during which he was killed in the Battle of Mactan. Forty-four years later, a Spanish expedition led by Miguel López de Legazpi left modern Mexico and began the Spanish conquest of the Philippines in the late 16th century. Legazpi's expedition arrived in the Philippines in 1565, a year after an earnest intent to colonize the country, which was during the reign of Philip II of Spain, whose name has remained a ...
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization.Gerald O'Collins, O'Collins, p. v (preface). The church consists of 24 Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites#Churches, ''sui iuris'' (autonomous) churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and Eparchy, eparchies List of Catholic dioceses (structured view), around the world, each overseen by one or more Bishops in the Catholic Church, bishops. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the Papal supremacy, chief pastor of the church. The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The ...
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