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Man'yōshū Book II
The is the oldest extant collection of Japanese (poetry in Classical Japanese), compiled sometime after AD 759 during the Nara period. The anthology is one of the most revered of Japan's poetic compilations. The compiler, or the last in a series of compilers, is today widely believed to be Ōtomo no Yakamochi, although numerous other theories have been proposed. The chronologically last datable poem in the collection is from AD 759 ( 4516). It contains many poems from a much earlier period, with the bulk of the collection representing the period between AD 600 and 759. The precise significance of the title is not known with certainty. The comprises more than 4,500 poems in 20 volumes, and is broadly divided into three genres: , songs at banquets and trips; , songs about love between men and women; and , songs to mourn the death of people. These songs were written by people of various statuses, such as the Emperor, aristocrats, junior officials, soldiers ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Makurakotoba
are figures of speech used in Japanese poetry in association with certain words. The set phrase can be thought of as a "pillow" for the noun or verb it describes, although the actual etymology is not fully known. It can also describe associations and allusions to older poems (see ). Many have lost their original meaning but are still used. They are not to be confused with ("poem pillow"), which are a category of poetic words used to add greater mystery and depth to poems. are present in the , one of Japan's earliest chronicles. History and usage are most familiar to modern readers in the , and when they are included in later poetry, it is to make allusions to poems in the . The exact origin of remains contested to this day, though both the and the , two of Japan's earliest chronicles, use it as a literary technique. In terms of usage, are often used at the beginning of a poem. The is a similar figure of speech used in poetry, used to introduce a poem. In fact, the 17 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keichū
was a Buddhist priest and a scholar of Kokugaku in the mid Edo period. Keichū's grandfather was a personal retainer of Katō Kiyomasa but his father was a ''rōnin'' from the Amagasaki fief. When he was 13, Keichū left home to become an acolyte of the Shingon sect, studying at Kaijō in Myōhōji, Imasato, Osaka. He subsequently attained the post of Ajari (or Azari) at Mount Kōya, and then became chief priest at Mandara-in in Ikutama, Osaka. It was at this time that he became friends with the poet-scholar Shimonokōbe Chōryū (下河辺長流, 1624–1686). However, he disliked the worldly duties of his work and, after wandering around the Kinki region for a while, made his way back to Mount Kōya. Deeply influenced by the thinking of Kūkai, he also read widely in the Japanese classics under the patronage of Fuseya Shigeta (伏屋重賢), a patron of the arts in Izumi Province. After serving as chief priest at Myōhōji, Keichū spent his last years at Enju’an in Kōzu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Susumu Nakanishi
is a scholar of Japanese literature, particularly of the ''Man'yōshū''. He earned his Doctor of Literature degree from the University of Tokyo (UTokyo) in 1962. He is widely believed to have conceived the name of the current era of the official calendar of Japan, ''Reiwa'' (令和, 2019-). However, it is a custom not to reveal the conceiver of the name of an era, and he has said, 'Era names are not for secular individuals like Susumu Nakanishi to decide, but are determined by divine inspiration. There is no such person as the inventor of the name "Reiwa"'. Overview Nakanishi studied at the Department of Japanese Literature at the University of Tokyo (UTokyo), where he was supervised by the Japanese literary scholar Senichi Hisamatsu (久松潜一). He graduated from the university in 1953 with a Bachelor of Arts in Literature. He continued his studies at UTokyo. His master's thesis was titled 'A Study on the Prosaic Nature in Early Japanese Literature (上代文藝におけ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ueda Akinari
was a Japanese author, scholar and '' waka'' poet, and a prominent literary figure in 18th-century Japan. He was an early writer in the '' yomihon'' genre and his two masterpieces, '' Ugetsu Monogatari'' ("Tales of Rain and the Moon") and '' Harusame Monogatari'' ("Tales of Spring Rain"), are central to the canon of Japanese literature. Biography Born to an Osaka prostitute and an unknown father, Ueda was adopted in his fourth year by a wealthy merchant who reared him in comfort and provided him with a good education. As a child he became gravely ill with smallpox, and although he survived, he was left with deformed fingers on both hands. During his illness, his parents prayed to the god of the Kashima Inari Shrine, and Ueda felt that this deity had intervened and saved his life. Throughout his life he remained a strong believer in the supernatural, and this belief seems to inform important elements of his literature and scholarship such as his most famous work, a collection o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kamo No Mabuchi
was a ''kokugaku'' scholar, poet and philologist during mid-Edo period Japan. Along with Kada no Azumamaro, Motoori Norinaga, and Hirata Atsutane, he was regarded as one of the Four Great Men of Kokugaku, and through his research into the spirit of ancient Japan (through his studies of the ''Man'yōshū'' and other works of ancient literature) he expounded on the theory of '' magokoro'', which he held to be fundamental to the history of Japan. Independently of and alongside his contemporary Motoori Norinaga, Mabuchi is accredited with the initial discovery of Lyman's Law, governing ''rendaku'' in the Japanese language, though which would later be named after Benjamin Smith Lyman. Biography Mabuchi was born in 1697 in the village of Iba in Tōtōmi Province (currently part of the city of Hamamatsu, Shizuoka), as the third son of Okabe Masanobu. The Okabe were hereditary ''kannushi'' of Kamo Shrine in Kyoto, but his father was from a cadet branch of the clan and was a farmer. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kada No Azumamaro
was a poet and philologist of the early Edo period. His ideas had a germinal impact on the ''kokugaku'' school of nativist studies in Japan. He was commonly known as Hakura Itsuki (羽倉斎宮). His first name was Nobumori (信盛) and later Higashimaru (東丸) . He is considered one of the four great scholars of Japanese classics along with Kamo no Mabuchi, Motoori Norinaga, and Hirata Atsutane. Life Azumamaro was born the second son of Hakura Nobuaki (1625-1696), father of a scholarly family that for generations had supplied Shinto priests to the Fushimi Inari-taisha in Fushimi. Fushimi at the time had been described by Ihara Saikaku as an economically depressed town that had fallen down in its fortunes. This marked it off from the flourishing cultural developments of the Genroku period. He set up an academy for studying and teaching his nativist ideas in the Inari shrine. From an early age Azumamaro studied traditional Japanese poetry, waka, and Shinto thought and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sengaku
was a Japanese Buddhist monk of the Tendai school. He was a scholar, editor and a literary critic.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric ''et al.'' (2005). "''Senkaku''" in ; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, ''see'Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File. His major work, ''Man'yōshū chūshaku,'' was completed in 1269. This was a treatise on the collected poems in the ''Man'yōshū'' anthology. His work was instrumental in a process of rediscovering the original meaning of this seminal work of Japanese poetry. Selected work Sengaku's published writings encompass 9 works in 12 publications in 1 language and 53 library holdings. /ref> * (1269); Ak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kanji
are logographic Chinese characters, adapted from Chinese family of scripts, Chinese script, used in the writing of Japanese language, Japanese. They were made a major part of the Japanese writing system during the time of Old Japanese and are still used, along with the subsequently-derived Syllabary, syllabic scripts of and . The characters have Japanese pronunciations; most have two, with one based on the Chinese sound. A few characters were invented in Japan by constructing character components derived from other Chinese characters. After the Meiji Restoration, Japan made its own efforts to simplify the characters, now known as , by a process similar to China's simplified Chinese characters, simplification efforts, with the intention to increase literacy among the general public. Since the 1920s, the Japanese government has published character lists periodically to help direct the education of its citizenry through the myriad Chinese characters that exist. There are nearly 3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genryaku Manyosyu
was a after '' Juei'' and before '' Bunji.'' This period spanned the years from April 1184 through August 1185. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * 1184 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Juei'' 3, on the 16th day of the 4th month of 1184.Brown, p. 337. Events of the ''Genryaku'' era * 1185 (''Genryaku 2, 24th day of the 3rd month''): the Taira (also known as the Heike) and the Minamoto clashed in the Battle of Dan-no-ura; and the Heike were utterly defeated.Kitagawa, Hiroshi ''et al.'' (1975). ''The Tale of the Heike'', p. 787. * 1185 (''Genryaku 2, 9th day of the 7th month''): Great earthquake caused turmoil in the capital and in the neighboring provinces. References ;Sources * Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979) ''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past.''Berkeley: University of California Press. OCLC 251325323* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (200 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kashū (poetry)
A , also called a or , is a private collection of '' waka'' poems compiled by the author of the poems included. The term is used in contrast to '' chokusenshū'', imperially-commissioned collections both written and compiled by multiple people, and , anthologies of poems by multiple poets privately compiled by a single editor. List of ''kashū'' *'' Kakinomoto no Ason Hitomaro Kashū'' (before 759) *'' Saigū no Nyōgo Shū'' (after 985) *'' Okikaze-shū'' (after the tenth century) *'' Sankashū'' (c. 1180) *'' Kojijū-shū'' (c. 1181) *'' Nijōin no Sanuki Shū'' (c. 1182) References Bibliography * *McMillan, Peter. 2010 (1st ed. 2008). ''One Hundred Poets, One Poem Each''. New York: Columbia University Press. Japanese literary terminology Japanese literature Japanese poetry Articles containing Japanese poems Stanzaic form * Kashū {{Japan-lit-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
