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Malaysia–Turkey Relations
Malaysia–Turkey relations are the foreign relations between Malaysia and Turkey. Turkey has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur, and Malaysia has an embassy in Ankara and consulate-general in Istanbul. Both countries are full members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC). Both countries are also classified as regional powers and middle powers in their respective regions. History The relations between the two countries can be traced back during the Malay sultanate era and the Ottoman Empire. In the 16th century, the Ottoman Empire supported Aceh against Johor. From the 19th century, relations between the Malay Sultanates and the Ottomans remained intact, bolstered by close personal ties between Sultan Abu Bakar of Johor, who made several visits to Istanbul. On the occasion of Sultan Abu Bakar's visit in 1890, he and his brother, Engku Abdul Majid, married Turkish women. These marriages has further strengthened the bilateral relat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foreign Relations
Foreign policy, also known as external policy, is the set of strategies and actions a State (polity), state employs in its interactions with other states, unions, and international entities. It encompasses a wide range of objectives, including defense and security, economic benefits, and humanitarian assistance. The formulation of foreign policy is influenced by various factors such as domestic considerations, the behavior of other states, and geopolitical strategies. Historically, the practice of foreign policy has evolved from managing short-term crises to addressing long-term international relations, with diplomatic corps playing a crucial role in its development. The objectives of foreign policy are diverse and interconnected, contributing to a comprehensive approach for each state. Defense and security are often primary goals, with states forming military alliances and employing soft power to combat threats. Economic interests, including trade agreements and foreign aid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas
Syed Muhammad al Naquib bin Ali al-Attas ( ; born 5 September 1931) is a Malaysian Muslim philosopher. He is one of the few contemporary scholars who is thoroughly rooted in the traditional Islamic sciences and studied theology, philosophy, metaphysics, history, and literature. He pioneered the concept of Islamisation of knowledge. Al-Attas' philosophy and methodology of education have one goal: Islamisation of the mind, body and soul and its effects on the personal and collective life of Muslims as well as others, including the spiritual and physical non-human environment. He is the second Malaysian to be awarded the title of Royal Professor (''Profesor Diraja'') after the late Ungku Abdul Aziz. He is the author of 27 works on various aspects of Islamic thought and civilisation, particularly on Sufism, cosmology, metaphysics, philosophy and Malay language and literature. Early life and education Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas was born in Bogor, Java, Dutch East Indies into a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malaysia–Turkey Relations
Malaysia–Turkey relations are the foreign relations between Malaysia and Turkey. Turkey has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur, and Malaysia has an embassy in Ankara and consulate-general in Istanbul. Both countries are full members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC). Both countries are also classified as regional powers and middle powers in their respective regions. History The relations between the two countries can be traced back during the Malay sultanate era and the Ottoman Empire. In the 16th century, the Ottoman Empire supported Aceh against Johor. From the 19th century, relations between the Malay Sultanates and the Ottomans remained intact, bolstered by close personal ties between Sultan Abu Bakar of Johor, who made several visits to Istanbul. On the occasion of Sultan Abu Bakar's visit in 1890, he and his brother, Engku Abdul Majid, married Turkish women. These marriages has further strengthened the bilateral relat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foreign Relations Of Turkey
Foreign relations of Turkey refer to diplomatic and trade ties between Turkey and other nations.Robins, Philip. Turkey and the Middle East. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs and New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1991. As of December 2024, Turkey maintains diplomatic relations with 189 member states of the United Nations. After opting for neutrality during World War II until 23 February 1945 when Turkey declared war against the Axis powers, Turkey's primary ally had been the United States with both countries aiming to contain Soviet expansion. In support of the United Nations, Turkey contributed personnel to the Korean War in 1950 and joined NATO in 1952. Turkey's relations with the Arab World and Iran have been strained due to its recognition of Israel in 1949, and its alliance with Israel during the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. This subsequently led to overt Syrian support for Palestinian and Armenian militant operations against Turkish diplomat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foreign Relations Of Malaysia
Malaysia is an active member of various international organisations, including the Commonwealth of Nations, the United Nations, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, and the Non-Aligned Movement. It has also in recent times been an active proponent of regional co-operation. Foreign Policy 1957–1969 Malaysia has been a member of the Commonwealth since independence in 1957, when it entered into the Anglo-Malayan Defence Agreement (AMDA) with the United Kingdom whereby Britain guaranteed the defence of Federation of Malaya, Malaya (and later Malaysia). The presence of British and other Commonwealth troops were crucial to Malaysia's security during the Malayan Emergency (1948–1960) and the Indonesian Confrontation (1962–1966), which was sparked by Malaya's merger with the British colonies of Singapore, Crown Colony of Sarawak, Sarawak and Crown Colony of North Borneo, North Borneo to form Malaysia in 1963. The British defence guarantee ended following Britain's decision ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmad Zahid Hamidi
Ahmad Zahid bin Hamidi (; born 4 January 1953) is a Malaysian politician who has served as Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Rural and Regional Development (Malaysia), Minister of Rural and Regional Development since December 2022. A member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), he has served as its leader and the Chairman of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition since May 2018. Zahid has been the Dewan Rakyat, Member of Parliament (MP) for Bagan Datuk (federal constituency), Bagan Datuk since April 1995. He is also the first UMNO President, after the Malayan Declaration of Independence, Malayan independence, to not be elected as Prime Minister of Malaysia. He served in several cabinet positions under former Prime Ministers Abdullah Ahmad Badawi and Najib Razak from March 2008 to May 2018 and served as Deputy Prime Minister from July 2015 to May 2018. Zahid became the President of the UMNO in 2018 following the party's defeat in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (born 26 February 1954) is a Turkish politician who is the 12th and current president of Turkey since 2014. He previously served as the 25th prime minister of Turkey, prime minister from 2003 to 2014 as part of the Justice and Development Party (Turkey), Justice and Development Party (AKP), which he co-founded in 2001. He also served as mayor of Istanbul from 1994 to 1998. Coming from an Islamist background and promoting socially conservative policies, Turkey has experienced increasing authoritarianism, democratic backsliding and suppression of dissent under Erdoğan's rule. Erdoğan was born in Beyoğlu, Istanbul, and studied at the Marmara University, Aksaray Academy of Economic and Commercial Sciences, before working as a consultant and senior manager in the private sector. Becoming active in local politics, he was elected Welfare Party's Beyoğlu district chair in 1984 and Istanbul chair in 1985. Following the 1994 Istanbul mayoral election, 1994 lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Turkey
The Government of Turkey () is the Central government, national government of Turkey. It is governed as a unitary state under a presidential system, presidential representative democracy and a Constitution of Turkey, constitutional republic within a Diversity (politics), pluriform Multi-party period of the Republic of Turkey, multi-party system. The term government can mean either the collective set of institutions (the Executive (government), executive, Legislature, legislative, and Judiciary, judicial branches) or specifically the Cabinet of Turkey, Cabinet (the executive). Constitution According to the Constitution, Turkey's government system is based on a separation of powers. The Constitution states that the legislative power is vested in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (art. 7), that the executive power is carried out by the President of Turkey (art. 8) and that the judicial power is exercised by independent and impartial courts (art. 9) It also states that parli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gülen Movement
The Gülen movement () or Hizmet movement () is an Islamist fraternal movement. It is a sub-sect of Sunni Islam based on a Nursian theological perspective as reflected in Fethullah Gülen's religious teachings. It is referred to by its members as the "Service" ("") or "Community" ("") and it originated in Turkey around the late 1950s. It is institutionalized in 180 countries through educational institutions as well as media outlets, finance companies, for-profit health clinics, and affiliated foundations that have a combined net worth in the range of 20–50 billion dollars as of 2015. Its teachings are considered conservative in Turkey but some have praised the movement as a pacifist, modern-oriented version of Islam, and an alternative to more extreme schools of Islam such as Salafism. On the other hand, it has also been reported to have a "cultish hierarchy" and as being a secretive Islamic sect. The movement is also known for initiating forums for interfaith dialogue. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruhsar Pekcan
Ruhsar Pekcan (born 1958) is a politician and electrical engineer who served as the Minister of Trade of Turkey between 2018 and 2021. Professional career Pekcan started her professional career joining the development and investment bank (). After working at different positions in several companies, she became a member of executive boards. In 2005, she co-founded an engineering company, which supplies pipelines for drinking water, irrigation, petroleum and natural gas. She was the managing director of the company. She was chairperson of the Turkey-Syria business councils of the Turkish Foreign Economic Relations Corporation (, DEİK) on three occasions. She served as the chairperson of the Turkey-Jordan business council, and as a member of the executive boards of the Turkey-Iraq and Turkey-Libya business councils of the same corporation. She served as deputy chairperson of the women entrepreneurs committee at the Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey (TOBB), and as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ASEAN
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, commonly abbreviated as ASEAN, is a regional grouping of 10 states in Southeast Asia "that aims to promote economic and security cooperation among its ten members." Together, its member states represent a population of more than 600 million people and land area of over . The bloc generated a purchasing power parity (PPP) gross domestic product (GDP) of around trillion in 2022, constituting approximately 6.5% of global GDP (PPP). ASEAN member states include some of the fastest growing economies in the world, and the institution plays an integral role in East Asian regionalism. The primary objectives of ASEAN, as stated by the association, are "to accelerate economic growth, social progress and cultural development in the region", and "to promote regional peace and stability through abiding respect for justice and the rule of law in the relationship among countries in the region and adherence to the principles of the United Nation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Finance
Islamic banking, Islamic finance ( ''masrifiyya 'islamia''), or Sharia-compliant finance is banking or financing activity that complies with Sharia (Islamic law) and its practical application through the development of Islamic economics. Some of the modes of Islamic finance include '' mudarabah'' (profit-sharing and loss-bearing), '' wadiah'' (safekeeping), '' musharaka'' (joint venture), '' murabahah'' (cost-plus), and '' ijarah'' (leasing). Sharia prohibits ''riba'', or usury, generally defined as interest paid on all loans of money (although some Muslims dispute whether there is a consensus that interest is equivalent to ''riba''). Investment in businesses that provide goods or services considered contrary to Islamic principles (e.g. pork or alcohol) is also ''haram'' ("sinful and prohibited"). These prohibitions have been applied historically in varying degrees in Muslim countries/communities to prevent un-Islamic practices. In the late 20th century, as part of the reviv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
