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Léon M'ba
Gabriel Léon M'ba (9 February 1902 – 28 November 1967) was a Gabonese politician who served as both the first Prime Minister of Gabon, Prime Minister (1959–1961) and later, the President of Gabon, from 1961 until his death in 1967. A member of the Beti-Pahuin#Fang, Fang ethnic group, M'ba was born into a relatively privileged village family. After studying at a seminary, he held a number of small jobs before entering the colonial administration as a customs agent. His political activism in favor of black people worried the French Equatorial Africa, French administration, and as a punishment for his activities, he was issued a prison sentence after committing a minor crime that normally would have resulted in a small fine. In 1924, the administration gave M'ba a second chance and selected him to head the canton (administrative division), canton in Estuaire Province. After being accused of complicity in the murder of a woman near Libreville, he was sentenced in 1931 to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Gabon
The president of Gabon () is the head of state and Head of government, government of Gabon. A total of three people have served as president (not counting the collective head of state, one disputed president, three acting presidents and one transitional president) since the post was formed in 1960. The current president, Brice Oligui Nguema, took power in a 2023 Gabonese coup d'état, coup on 30 August 2023 from Ali Bongo. He was eventually elected to the presidency in the 2025 Gabonese presidential election, 2025 presidential election. Description of the office Election The president of the republic is elected for a presidential term of seven years, universal suffrage, universal and direct election, direct suffrage, as per the 2024 Constitution of Gabon, Constitution.Constitution of the Gabonese Republic, 2024, Article 42. Journal Officiel de la République Gabonaise, https://journal-officiel.ga/21489-002-r-2024-/ The president is eligible for re-election once, with a maximum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beti-Pahuin
The Beti-Pahuin are a Bantu ethnic group located in Center region of Cameroon. Though they separate themselves into several individual clans, they all share a common origin, history and culture. Estimated to be well over 8 million individuals in the early 21st century, they form the largest ethnic group in central Cameroon and its capital city of Yaounde. Their Beti languages are mutually intelligible. Group distinctions The Beti-Pahuin are made up of over 20 individual clans. Altogether, they inhabit a territory of forests and rolling hills that stretches from the Sanaga River in the north to Equatorial Guinea and the northern halves of Gabon to Congo to the south, and from the Atlantic Ocean to the west to the Dja River in the east. Beti The first grouping, called the Beti, consists of the (more precisely Kolo), , Fang (more precisely M'fang), Mbida-Mbane, Mvog-Nyenge, Bran (more precisely Brang or Brong) and Eton (or Iton). The Eton are further subdivided into the Eton ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1964 Gabonese Coup D'état
The 1964 Gabonese coup d'état was staged between 17 and 19 February 1964 by Gabonese military officers who rose against President of Gabon, Gabonese President Léon M'ba. Before the coup d'état, coup, Gabon was seen as one of the most politically stable countries in Africa. The coup resulted from M'ba's Dissolution of parliament, dissolution of the Parliament of Gabon, Gabonese legislature on 21 January 1964. During a takeover with few casualties, 150 coup plotters arrested M'ba and a number of his government officials. Through Radio Libreville, they asked the people of Gabon to remain calm and assured them that the country's pro-France foreign policy would remain unchanged. A provisional government was formed, and the coup's leaders installed Deputy Jean-Hilaire Aubame, who was M'ba's primary political opponent and had been uninvolved in the coup, as president. Meanwhile, M'ba was sent to Lambaréné, from Libreville. There was no major uprising or reaction by the Gabonese pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Hilaire Aubame
Jean-Hilaire Aubame (10 November 1912 – 18 August 1989) was a Gabonese politician active during both the French Equatorial Africa, colonial and History of Gabon#Independence of Gabon, independence periods. The French journalist Pierre Péan said that Aubame's training "as a practicing Catholic and a customs official helped to make him an integrated man, one of whom political power was not an end in itself." Born into a Beti-Pahuin#Fang, Fang family, Aubame was orphaned at a young age. He was raised by the stepbrother of Léon M'ba, who became Aubame's chief political rival. Encouraged by his colleagues, Aubame entered politics, serving as Gabon's first representative in the National Assembly of France from 1946 to 1958. Aubame was also a leader in solving African problems, particularly developing the Gabonese standard of living and planning urban sites. Aubame's quick rise in Gabonese politics was spurred by the support of the Mission (Christian), missions and administratio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Communist Party
The French Communist Party (, , PCF) is a Communism, communist list of political parties in France, party in France. The PCF is a member of the Party of the European Left, and its Member of the European Parliament, MEPs sit with The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL group. The PCF was founded in 1920 by Marxism–Leninism, Marxist–Leninist members of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) who supported the Bolsheviks in the 1917 Russian Revolution. It became a member of the Communist International, and followed a Marxist-Leninist line under the leadership of Maurice Thorez. In response to the threat of fascism, the PCF joined the socialist Popular Front (France), Popular Front which won the 1936 election, but it did not participate in government. During World War II, it was outlawed by the occupying Germans and became a key element of the French Resistance, Resistance. The PCF participated in the provisional government of the Liberation of France, Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabonese Mixed Committee
The Gabonese Mixed Committee (, CMG) was a political party in Gabon. History The CMG was established on 12 August 1946 by Léon M'ba,Messi Me Nang Clotaire, N’Foule Mba Fabrice & Nnang Ndong Léon-ModestLe consensus politique au Gabon, de 1960 à nos jours and was affiliated with the African Democratic Rally.Florence Bernault (1996) ''Démocraties ambiguës en Afrique centrale: Congo-Brazzaville, Gabon, 1940-1965'', KARTHALA Editions, p220 In the 1952 Territorial Assembly elections it won two of the 24 elected seats. In August 1953 the CMG merged with the Gabonese Democratic Party The Gabonese Democratic Party (, PDG) is a political party in Gabon. It was the dominant political party in Gabonese politics from 1961 until 2023, when it was deposed in a coup d'état against President Ali Bongo. It was also the sole legal ... to form the Gabonese Democratic Bloc. References Rassemblement Démocratique Africain Defunct political parties in Gabon 1946 establishments ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persona Non Grata
In diplomacy, a ' (PNG) is a foreign diplomat that is asked by the host country to be recalled to their home country. If the person is not recalled as requested, the host state may refuse to recognize the person concerned as a member of the diplomatic mission (including the removal of diplomatic immunity). A host country may declare any member of a diplomatic staff ' at any time without any explanation. Diplomacy Under Article 9 of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, a receiving state may "at any time and without having to explain its decision" declare any member of a diplomatic staff '. A person so declared is considered unacceptable and is usually recalled to their home nation. If not recalled, the receiving state "may refuse to recognize the person concerned as a member of the mission". A person can be declared before even entering the country. With the protection of mission staff from prosecution for violating civil and criminal laws, depending on rank, under Arti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Custom (law)
A legal custom is the established pattern of behavior within a particular social setting. A claim can be carried out in defense of "what has always been done and accepted by law". Customary law (also, consuetudinary or unofficial law) exists where: #a certain legal practice is observed and #the relevant actors consider it to be an opinion of law or necessity ('' opinio juris''). Most customary laws deal with ''standards of the community'' that have been long-established in a given locale. However, the term can also apply to areas of international law where certain standards have been nearly universal in their acceptance as correct bases of action – for example, laws against piracy or slavery (see '' hostis humani generis''). In many, though not all instances, customary laws will have supportive court rulings and case law that have evolved over time to give additional weight to their rule as law and also to demonstrate the trajectory of evolution (if any) in the judici ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oubangui-Chari
Ubangi-Shari () was a French colony in central Africa, a part of French Equatorial Africa. It was named after the Ubangi and Chari rivers along which it was colonised. It was established on 29 December 1903, from the Upper Ubangi (') and Upper Shari (') territories of the French Congo; renamed the Central African Republic (CAR) on 1 December 1958; and received independence on 13 August 1960.''World Statesmen''.Central African Republic." Accessed 29 Mar 2014. History French activity in the area began in 1889 with the establishment of the outpost Bangi at the head of navigation on the Ubangi. The Upper Ubangi was established as part of the French Congo on 9 December 1891. Despite a France-Congo Free State convention establishing a border around the 4th parallel, the area was contested from 1892 to 1895 with the Congo Free State, which claimed the region as its territory of Ubangi-Bomu ('). The Upper Ubangi was a separate colony from 13 July 1894 until 10 December 1899, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Complicit
Complicity in criminal law refers to the participation in a completed criminal act of an accomplice, a partner in the crime who aids or encourages ( abets) other perpetrators of that crime, and who shared with them an intent to act to complete the crime.''Criminal Law - Cases and Materials'', 7th ed. 2012, Wolters Kluwer Law & Business; John Kaplan, Robert Weisberg, Guyora Binder, /ref> A person is an accomplice of another person in the commission of a crime if they purpose the completion of a crime, and toward that end, if that person solicits or encourages the other person, or aids or attempts to aid in planning or committing the crime, or has legal duty to prevent that crime but fails to make an effort to Crime prevention, prevent it properly. Unlike attempt, solicitation, and conspiracy, which are crimes in and of themselves, complicity is not itself a crime but is a way of committing a crime. It also differs from an attempt, solicitation, and conspiracy in that it always ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estuaire Province
Estuaire is the most populous of Gabon's nine provinces. It covers an area of 20,740 km. The provincial capital is Akanda, but the largest city is Libreville, Gabon's national capital. The province is named for the Gabon Estuary, which lies at the heart of the province. Estuaire is at the northwestern corner of Gabon, its western edge as the shores of the Gulf of Guinea. To the north, Estuaire borders the Republic of Equatorial Guinea: the Litoral Province in the northwest, and the Centro Sur Province in the northeast. Domestically, it borders the following provinces: * Woleu-Ntem – east * Moyen-Ogooué – south-southeast * Ogooué-Maritime – southwest Departments Estuaire is divided into 5 departments: *Komo Department ( Kango) * Komo-Mondah Department ( Ntoum) * Noya Department ( Cocobeach) * Komo-Océan Department (Ndzomoe) *Libreville Libreville (; ) is the capital and largest city of Gabon, located on the Gabon Estuary. Libreville occupies of the northw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canton (administrative Division)
A canton is a type of administrative division of a country. In general, cantons are relatively small in terms of area and population when compared with other administrative divisions such as county, counties, Department (administrative division), departments, or provinces. Internationally, the most politically important cantons are the Cantons of Switzerland, Swiss cantons. As the constituents of the Swiss Confederation, theoretically and historically, they are semi-sovereign states. The term is derived from the French language, French word ''wikt:canton#French, canton'', meaning "corner" or "district" (from which "cantonment" is also derived). In specific countries Cantons exist or previously existed in the following countries: *Cantons of Belgium *Bohol#U.S. intervention and occupation, Cantonal Government of Bohol *Cantons of Bolivia *Cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cantons of Bosnia and Herzegovina: federal units of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
