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Luxembourgish Euro Coins
Luxembourgish euro coins feature three different designs, though they all contain the portrait or effigy of Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg. The designs, by Yvette Gastauer-Claire, also contain the 12 stars of the European flag, the year of imprint and the name of the country in the Luxembourgish language: ''Lëtzebuerg''. The Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg appears on the coins facing to the left.In heraldry, directions are often described as they would appear to the bearer of a coat of arms, rather than as they would appear to the viewer. Therefore, coin descriptions will use "facing to the left" when it would appear to the layperson that the person depicted is facing to the right. He was not featured on the Luxembourg franc as he only became Grand Duke in 2000 following the abdication of his father, Jean. Jean's portrait on the francs showed him facing to the right, and it is common in a number of countries for successive monarchs to alternate the direction they faced on coins. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Effigy
An effigy is a sculptural representation, often life-size, of a specific person or a prototypical figure. The term is mostly used for the makeshift dummies used for symbolic punishment in political protests and for the figures burned in certain traditions around New Year, Carnival and Easter. In European cultures, effigies were used in the past for punishment in formal justice when the perpetrator could not be apprehended, and in popular justice practices of social shaming and exclusion. Additionally, "effigy" is used for certain traditional forms of sculpture, namely tomb effigies, funeral effigies and coin effigies. There is a large overlap and exchange between the ephemeral forms of effigies. Traditional holiday effigies are often politically charged, for instance, when the generalised figures Año Viejo (the Old Year) or Judas in Latin America are substituted by the effigy of a despised politician. Traditional forms are also borrowed for political protests. In India, for i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolphe, Grand Duke Of Luxembourg
Adolphe (Adolf Wilhelm August Karl Friedrich; 24 July 1817 – 17 November 1905) was Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 23 November 1890 to his death on 17 November 1905. The first grand duke from the House of Nassau-Weilburg, he succeeded King William III of the Netherlands, ending the personal union between the Netherlands and Luxembourg. Adolphe was Duke of Nassau from 20 August 1839 to 20 September 1866, when the Duchy was annexed to the Kingdom of Prussia. He is referred to as Adolphe rather than Adolf because he is known for being the first Grand Duke of Luxembourg after the end of the personal union with the Netherlands and the administrative language of Luxembourg was French and the French version of the name Adolf is Adolphe. Adolphe became Duke of Nassau in August 1839, following the death of his father William. The Duchy was annexed to Prussia after Austria's defeat in the Austro-Prussian War. From 1815 to 1839, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg was ruled by the kings of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Nassau-Weilburg
The House of Nassau-Weilburg, a branch of the House of Nassau, ruled a division of the County of Nassau, which was a state in what is now Germany, then part of the Holy Roman Empire, from 1344 to 1806. On 17 July 1806, upon the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, the principalities of Nassau-Usingen and Nassau-Weilburg both joined the Confederation of the Rhine. Under pressure from Napoleon I of France, Napoleon, both principalities merged to become the Duchy of Nassau on 30 August 1806, under the joint rule of Prince Frederick August of Nassau-Usingen and his younger cousin, Frederick William, Duke of Nassau, Prince Frederick William of Nassau-Weilburg. As Frederick August had no heirs, he agreed that Frederick William should become the sole ruler after his death. However, Frederick William died from a fall on the stairs at Schloss Weilburg on 9 January 1816 and it was his son William, Duke of Nassau, William who later became duke of a unified Nassau. The sovereigns of this h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Teresa, Grand Duchess Of Luxembourg
Maria Teresa (born María Teresa Mestre y Batista; 22 March 1956) is Grand Duchess of Luxembourg as the wife of Grand Duke Henri, who acceded to the throne in 2000. Early life and education Maria Teresa Mestre was born on 22 March 1956 in Marianao, Havana, Cuba, to José Antonio Mestre y Álvarez (1926–1993) and wife María Teresa Batista y Falla de Mestre (1928–1988), both from bourgeoisie families of Spanish descent.''The Luxembourg Grand Ducal Family'' (Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Ministry of State, Press and Information Service, 1986), p. 26 She is also the granddaughter of Agustín Batista y González de Mendoza (1899–1968), who was the founder of the Trust Company of Cuba, the most powerful Cuban bank prior to the Cuban Revolution. In October 1959, at the time of the Cuban Revolution, Mestre's parents left Cuba with their children because the new government headed by Fidel Castro confiscated their properties. The family settled in New York City, where as a you ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of London (1839)
The Treaty of London of 1839, was signed on 19 April 1839 between the major European powers, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and the Kingdom of Belgium. It was a direct follow-up to the 1831 Treaty of the XVIII Articles, which the Netherlands had refused to sign, and the result of negotiations at the London Conference of 1838–1839 which sought to maintain the Concert of Europe. Under the treaty, the European powers recognised and guaranteed the independence and neutrality of Belgium and established the full independence of the German-speaking part of Luxembourg. Article VII required Belgium to remain perpetually neutral. Following the German invasion of 1914, Belgium abandoned its policy of neutrality (except for a brief, unsuccessful resumption from 1936 to 1940). Background Since 1815, Belgium had been a reluctant part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. In 1830, Belgians broke away and established an independent Kingdom of Belgium. The overwhelmingly Cath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ons Heemecht
"" (formerly "", ; ) is the national anthem of Luxembourg. Written by Michel Lentz in 1859 and set to music by Jean Antoine Zinnen in 1864, it is performed at national celebrations, while the grand ducal anthem "De Wilhelmus" is performed at entrances or exits of members of the Grand Ducal Family. History Luxembourgish poet Michel Lentz wrote the poem ''Ons Heemecht'' in 1859, and it was set to music by Luxembourgish composer Jean Antoine Zinnen in 1864. The song was first performed in public in Ettelbruck, a town at the confluence of the Alzette and Sauer rivers (both of which are mentioned in the song), on 5 June 1864. "Ons Heemecht" competed for a while with , a song based on another poem by Lentz, for the status of the national anthem. The last line of the chorus of "De Feierwon" became the origin of Luxembourg's national motto. The first and last stanzas of "Ons Heemecht" were adopted as Luxembourg's national anthem on 17 June 1993, when it was added as one of the offi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stéphanie, Hereditary Grand Duchess Of Luxembourg
Princess Stéphanie, Hereditary Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (born Countess Stéphanie de Lannoy on 18 February 1984), is the wife of Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume, the Succession to the Luxembourger throne, heir apparent to the throne of Luxembourg. She became engaged to the Hereditary Grand Duke on 26 April 2012 and married him, in a civil ceremony, on 19 October 2012, followed by a religious service the next day. The couple have two sons, Prince Charles of Luxembourg (born 2020), Prince Charles and Prince François. Early life and ancestry ''Stéphanie Marie Claudine Christine'' de Lannoy was born on 18 February 1984 in Ronse, East Flanders, Belgium. She is the youngest child and fourth daughter of the eight children of Philippe de Lannoy, Count Philippe de Lannoy (1922–2019) and his wife, Alix de Lannoy, Alix della Faille de Leverghem (1941–2012). The House of Lannoy has been traced back to the 13th-century nobility of County of Hainaut, Hainaut, its members distinguis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wedding Of Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke Of Luxembourg, And Countess Stéphanie De Lannoy
The wedding of Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg, and Countess Stéphanie de Lannoy took place on 19 and 20 October 2012. A civil ceremony was held on 19 October followed by a Roman Catholic wedding ceremony at Notre-Dame Cathedral in Luxembourg City the next day. The 2012 wedding marked the largest event for the Grand Ducal Family of Luxembourg and the country in years. More than 120 international media organisations requested accreditation for the event, including TV channels and newspapers from China, Morocco, Russia and the US. Guillaume was the last unmarried heir apparent of a monarchy in Europe prior to the wedding. Background The House of Nassau-Weilburg, which includes the Grand Ducal Family, has headed Luxembourg since 1890. Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume is the heir apparent of his father, Grand Duke Henri. Stéphanie de Lannoy is a member of a Belgian noble family, considered one of the oldest aristocratic families in Europe. Guillaume and Stéph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William IV, Grand Duke Of Luxembourg
William IV ( French: ''Guillaume Alexandre''; 22 April 1852 – 25 February 1912) was Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 17 November 1905 until his death in 1912. He succeeded his father, Adolphe. Like his father, William mostly stayed out of politics despite being vested with considerable power on paper by the Constitution. William was a Protestant, the religion of the House of Nassau. He married Infanta Marie Anne of Portugal, believing that a Catholic country ought to have a Catholic monarch. Thus his heirs have been Catholic. At the death of his uncle, Prince Nikolaus-Wilhelm in 1905, the only other legitimate male in the House of Nassau-Weilburg was William's cousin, Georg Nikolaus, Count of Merenberg, the product of a morganatic marriage. So in 1907, William declared the Counts of Merenberg non-dynastic, naming his own eldest daughter Marie-Adélaïde (1894–1924) as heiress presumptive to the grand ducal throne. She became Luxembourg's first reigning grand duchess upon h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean, Grand Duke Of Luxembourg
Jean (Jean Benoît Guillaume Robert Antoine Louis Marie Adolphe Marc d'Aviano; 5 January 1921 – 23 April 2019) was the Grand Duke of Luxembourg from 1964 until his abdication in 2000. He was the first Grand Duke of Luxembourg of French agnatic descent. Jean was the eldest son of Grand Duchess Charlotte and Prince Felix. Jean's primary education was initially in Luxembourg, before attending Ampleforth College in England. In 1938, he was officially named Hereditary Grand Duke as heir-apparent to the throne of Luxembourg. While Luxembourg was occupied by Germans during the Second World War, the grand ducal family was abroad in exile. Jean studied at the Université Laval in Quebec City. Jean later volunteered to join the British army's Irish Guards in 1942, and after graduating from the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, received his commission in 1943. He participated in the Normandy landings and the Battle for Caen, and joined the Allied forces in the liberation of Luxembo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Flags Of Luxembourg
This is a list of flags used in the Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, a country in western Europe. For more information about the national flag, visit the article Flag of Luxembourg. National flag Ensign Standard of the Grand Duke Cities Historical Flags Historical Royal Flags References * {{Flags, Banners and Standards of Heads of State and Government Lists and galleries of flags, Luxembourg National symbols of Luxembourg, Flags Luxembourg-related lists, Flags ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
