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List Of Preserved Historic Blast Furnaces
This list of preserved historic blast furnaces contains decommissioned blast furnaces, of which substantial remains survive. The furnaces are preserved in a park or museum, or as a site otherwise open to visitors, or intended to become such. While pre-20th-century blast furnaces already have a long history of monument preservation, the perception of 20th century mass production blast furnace installations as industrial heritage is a comparably new trend. For a long time, it has been normal procedure for such a blast furnace to be demolished after being decommissioned and either be replaced with a newer, improved one, or to have the entire site demolished to make room for follow-up use of the area. It has only been in recent years that numerous countries have realized the value of blast furnaces as a part of their industrial history. Historically, the first such blast furnace not to be demolished stands in Starachowice, Poland (decommissioned in 1968), followed by the last blast fur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blast Furnace
A blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals, generally pig iron, but also others such as lead or copper. ''Blast'' refers to the combustion air being supplied above atmospheric pressure. In a blast furnace, fuel ( coke), ores, and flux (limestone) are continuously supplied through the top of the furnace, while a hot blast of (sometimes oxygen enriched) air is blown into the lower section of the furnace through a series of pipes called tuyeres, so that the chemical reactions take place throughout the furnace as the material falls downward. The end products are usually molten metal and slag phases tapped from the bottom, and flue gases exiting from the top. The downward flow of the ore along with the flux in contact with an upflow of hot, carbon monoxide-rich combustion gases is a countercurrent exchange and chemical reaction process. In contrast, air furnaces (such as reverberatory furnaces) are naturally aspirated, usu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilfracombe Iron Company
The Ilfracombe Iron Company (I.I.C.) was an iron mining and smelting company that operated in Northern Tasmania in 1873 and 1874. The company's operations included a blast furnace, ore mine, water wheel, village, and jetty. The I.I.C. rebuilt a disused timber-haulage tramway, terminating at Ilfracombe—now the southern part of modern-day Beauty Point—which it extended at both ends to reach its iron ore mine and its jetty. The ruin of its blast furnace is significant, as one of the only three such ruins of 19th-Century iron-smelting blast furnaces in Australia and the only one in Tasmania. It is the only remaining ruin—in Australia—of a 19th-Century blast furnace that had an iron shell. Iron ore from the company's mine was smelted at a foundry in Melbourne in 1873. Two bells were cast from this iron; the smaller one was exhibited at the Victorian Exhibition (1872–73) in Melbourne and the larger bell at the Vienna Exposition of 1873. The company constructed a blast furn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karkkila
Karkkila (; ) is a town and a municipality of Finland. Neighboring municipalities are Lohja, Loppi, Tammela and Vihti. Geography Karkkila is located in the Uusimaa region. The municipality has a population of () and it covers an area of of which is inland water (). The population density is (). The municipality is unilingually Finnish. History Originally, Karkkila was a village in the municipality of Pyhäjärvi. In the 14th century, the Pyhäjärvi area belonged to the border area of the parishes of Janakkala and Lohja. In 1507, the Pyhäjärvi area became part of the Vihti parish, which was separated from the Lohja parish. Pyhäjärvi became the chapel congregation of the Vihti parish in 1654. The place was originally known as ''Pahajärvi'' ("bad lake"), but the name became established as ''Pyhäjärvi'' ("holy lake") in the late 17th or 18th century. It was decided to form Pyhäjärvi as an independent parish by a decision of the Imperial Senate in 1861, but the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Twin Blast Furnaces At Ipanema
Twins are two offspring produced by the same pregnancy.MedicineNet > Definition of Twin Last Editorial Review: 19 June 2000 Twins can be either ''monozygotic'' ('identical'), meaning that they develop from one zygote, which splits and forms two embryos, or ''dizygotic'' ('non-identical' or 'fraternal'), meaning that each twin develops from a separate egg and each egg is fertilized by its own sperm cell. Since identical twins develop from one zygote, they will share the same sex, while fraternal twins may or may not. In very rare cases, fraternal or (semi-) identical twins can have the same mother and different fathers ( heteropaternal superfecundation). In contrast, a fetus that develops alone in the womb (the much more common case in humans) is called a ''singleton'', and the general term for one offspring of a multiple birth is a ''multiple''. Unrelated look-alikes whose resemblance parallels that of twins are referred to as doppelgänger. Statistics The human twin birth rate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Ironworks Of St John, Ipanema
The Royal Ironworks of St John, Ipanema (, or ), was the first ironworks (or foundry) to be continuously operated in Brazil. It is located in Sorocaba region, near the city of Iperó, state of São Paulo (state), São Paulo. Ruins of the twin blast furnaces are well preserved and nearby is Fazenda Ipanema, a small settlement. History Background This important industrial enterprise was the result of careful planning by the Portuguese Crown, built and operated from 1810 to 1821, continued by the Brazilian Imperial government from 1822 to 1889, closed in 1895 and reopened in 1917 because of the First World War, to be finally closed in 1926. Thousands of tons of cast iron were produced by its twin blast-furnaces. The occurrence of magnetic iron ore at the Araçoiaba Hill, was recognized since 1590 by Afonso Sardinha (father and son). There, in what was called ''Furnas Valley'' (now Iron Creek, Ribeirão do ferro), they did install a bloomery for making iron by the direct method, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sao Paulo (state)
SAO or Sao may refer to: Places * Sao civilisation, in Middle Africa from 6th century BC to 16th century AD * Sao, a town in Boussé Department, Burkina Faso * Serb Autonomous Regions (''Srpska autonomna oblast'', SAO), during the breakup of Yugoslavia Science and technology * Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory of the Smithsonian Institution in Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S. ** Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog, which assigns SAO catalogue entries * Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Science (SAO RAS) * Session-At-Once, a recording mode for optical discs Transportation * Saco Transportation Center, a train station in Saco, Maine, U.S., station code SAO * Sahel Aviation Service, Mali, ICAO airline code SAO * Airports in Greater São Paulo, Brazil, IATA airport code SAO People * Ligi Sao (born 1992), a Samoan rugby league player * Ron Sao, Western Australian politician Other uses * Sao (moon), a satellite of Neptune * Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iperó (district)
Iperó is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Sorocaba. The population is 37,964 (2020 est.) in an area of 170.29 km². The elevation is 590 m. The Sorocaba River flows near Iperó. Iperó is accessed with the highway SP-280. Population history Demographics According to the 2000 IBGE Census, the population was 18,384, of which 12,649 are urban and 5,735 are rural. The average life expectancy was 72.42 years. The literacy rate was 91.8%. Media In telecommunications, the city was served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo. In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012. The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable). See also * List of municipalities in São Paulo * Interior of São Paulo The interior of São Paulo is an informal term to describe the zone that covers the entire area of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ipanema
Ipanema () is a neighbourhood located in the South Zone (Rio de Janeiro), South Zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between Leblon, Rio de Janeiro, Leblon and Arpoador. The beach at Ipanema became known internationally with the popularity of the bossa nova song, "The Girl from Ipanema" ("''Garota de Ipanema''"), written by Antônio Carlos Jobim and Vinícius de Moraes. It borders the neighborhoods of Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro, Copacabana, Leblon and Lagoa, Rio de Janeiro, Lagoa. Etymology The name ''Ipanema'' originally referred to a river in the state of São Paulo, its etymology deriving from the Tupi language words ''ipá'' (pond) and ''nem-a'' (stinking). Possible translations for its original meaning are "worthless water", "stinking lake", "turbid water", or "water worthless for human consumption". The historian Teodoro Fernandes Sampaio, Teodoro Sampaio translated ''Ipanema'' as "bad water". The neighbourhood in Rio de Janeiro was named after José Antônio Mor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salzburg (state)
Salzburg (, ; , also known as ''Salzburgerland''; ) is an Austria, Austrian Federal states of Austria, federal state. In German it is called a , a German-to-English dictionary translates that to ''federal state'' and the European Commission calls it a ''province''. In German, its official name is , to distinguish it from its eponymous capital Salzburg. For centuries, it was an independent Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg, Prince-Bishopric of the Holy Roman Empire. It borders Germany and Italy. Geography Location Salzburg State covers an area of . It stretches along its main river — the Salzach – which rises in the Central Eastern Alps in the south to the Alpine foothills in the north. It is located in the north-west of Austria, close to the border with the German state of Bavaria; to the northeast lies the federal state Upper Austria; to the east the federal state Styria; to the south the federal states Carinthia (state), Carinthia and Tyrol (federal state), Tyrol. With 561,7 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamsweg (district)
Bezirk Tamsweg is an administrative district (''Bezirk'') in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria. It is congruent with the Lungau region (). The administrative centre of the district is Tamsweg. Geography The area of the Lungau plateau is 1,019.65 km2, with a population of 20,437 (Jan. 1, 2023), and population density 20 persons per km2. It is located within the Central Eastern Alps, confined by the Hohe Tauern (High Tauern) range in the west, the Niedere Tauern (Low Tauern) in the north, and the Gurktal Alps ( Nock Mountains) in the south. The region is separated from the Salzburg Pongau region by the Radstädter Tauern Pass crossing the Niedere Tauern. In the south, the Katschberg Pass road leads to the neighbouring state of Carinthia. Since 1974, the Tauern Autobahn underpasses both ranges via the Tauern Road Tunnel and the Katschberg Tunnel. In the east, the upper river Mur, originating near Muhr, flows towards Murau in Styria, accompanied by the na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomatal
Thomatal is a municipality in the district of Tamsweg (which is congruent to the so-called "Lungau" region) in the state of Salzburg in Austria Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Aust .... References Cities and towns in Tamsweg District {{Salzburg-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
