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Leopold Anton Von Firmian
Leopold Anton Eleutherius Freiherr von Firmian (11 March 1679 – 22 October 1744) was Bishop of Lavant 1718–24, Bishop of Seckau 1724–27 and Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg from 1727 until his death. Early life He was born in Munich, into the Austrian House of Firmian, one of the oldest Tyrolean noble families whose seat was Sigmundskron castle in the County of Tyrol, as the son Imperial envoy, Baron Franz Wilhelm von Firmian (b. 1636) and his wife, Countess Maria Viktoria von Thun und Hohenstein. His maternal uncle Count Johann Ernst von Thun was Bishop of Seckau from 1679 until 1687 and Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg from 1687 to 1709. Leopold Anton von Firmian was the uncle of Cardinal Leopold Ernst von Firmian, also prince-bishop of Passau. His nephew, Karl Joseph von Firmian, the Austrian plenipotentiary minister in Milan, was renowned as a patron of the arts, including poets such as Giuseppe Parini, musicians such as Johann Ernst Eberlin and painters such as Gi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
His Grace
His Grace and Her Grace are English Style (manner of address), styles of address used with high-ranking personages, and was the style for English monarchs until Henry VIII (r. 1509–1547), and for Scottish monarchs until the Act of Union (1707), Act of Union of 1707, which Union of the Crowns, united the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England. In Great Britain and Ireland, it is also the style of address for archbishops, dukes, and duchesses; e.g. His Grace the Duke of Norfolk and His Grace the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury. The correct style is “Your Grace” in spoken and written form; as a stylistic descriptor for Dukes in the United Kingdom, British dukes, it is an abbreviation of the full, formal style: “The Most High, Noble and Potent Prince His Grace”. However, a Royal dukedoms in the United Kingdom, royal duke, such as Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, is addressed as Your Royal Highness. Ecclesiastical usage Christianity The style "His Grace" and "Your Grace" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigmundskron Castle
Sigmundskron Castle (, ) is an extensive castle and set of fortifications near Bolzano in South Tyrol. Today its ruins house the fourth mountain museum established by the South Tyrolean mountaineer, Reinhold Messner. On 9 June 2006 the ''MMM'' (Messner Mountain Museum, Messner Mountain Museum Firmian) was opened in this fortified castle dating to the Late Middle Ages. History The first historical mention of the castle, under the name ''Formicaria'' (later ''Formigar''), dates back to AD 945. In 1027 Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor, Emperor Conrad II transferred it to the Bishop of Trent. In the 12th century it was given to ministeriales, who from then on were named the House of Firmian, Firmian family. Around 1473 the Prince of County of Tyrol, Tyrol, Duke Sigismund, Archduke of Austria, Sigismund the Rich, bought the castle, renamed it Sigmundskron Castle and had it developed to withstand firearms. Of the old castle of ''Formigar'' there are only a few remnants left today, mostly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ordination
Ordination is the process by which individuals are Consecration in Christianity, consecrated, that is, set apart and elevated from the laity class to the clergy, who are thus then authorized (usually by the religious denomination, denominational hierarchy composed of other clergy) to perform various religious rites and ceremonies. The process and ceremonies of ordination vary by religion and denomination. One who is in preparation for, or who is undergoing the process of ordination is sometimes called an ordinand. The liturgy used at an ordination is commonly found in a book known as an Order of Mass, Ordinal which provides the ordo (ritual and rubrics) for celebrations. Christianity Catholic, Orthodox, Lutheran and Anglican churches In Catholicism and Orthodoxy, ordination is one of the seven sacraments, variously called holy orders or ''Christian laying on of hands, cheirotonia'' ("Laying on of Hands"). Apostolic succession is considered an essential and necessary concept ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitridate, Re Di Ponto
''Mitridate, re di Ponto'' (''Mithridates, King of Pontus''), K. 87 (74a), is an opera seria in three acts by the young Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The libretto is by , after Giuseppe Parini's Italian translation of Jean Racine's play '' Mithridate''. Mozart wrote ''Mitridate'' while touring Italy in 1770. The musicologist Daniel E. Freeman has demonstrated that it was composed with close reference to the opera '' La Nitteti'' by Josef Mysliveček. The latter was the opera being prepared for production in Bologna when Mozart met Mysliveček for the first time with his father in March 1770. Mysliveček visited the Mozarts frequently in Bologna during the summer of 1770 while Wolfgang was working on ''Mitridate''. Mozart gained expertise in composition from his older friend and also incorporated some of his musical motifs into his own operatic setting. The opera was first performed at the Teatro Regio Ducale, Milan, on 26 December 1770 (at the Milan Carnival). It was a success, perf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leopold Mozart
Johann Georg Leopold Mozart (November 14, 1719 – May 28, 1787) was a German composer, violinist, and music theorist. He is best known today as the father and teacher of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and for his violin textbook ''Versuch einer gründlichen Violinschule'' (1756). Life and career Childhood and youth He was born in Augsburg, son of Johann Georg Mozart, a bookbinding, bookbinder, and his second wife Anna Maria Sulzer. From an early age he sang as a choirboy. He attended a local Society of Jesus, Jesuit school, , where he studied logic, science, and theology, graduating ''magna cum laude'' in 1735. He studied then at the St. Salvator Lyzeum. While a student in Augsburg, he appeared in student theater productions as an actor and singer, and became a skilled violinist and organist. He also developed an interest, which he retained, in microscopes and telescopes. Although his parents had planned a career for Leopold as a Catholic priest, this apparently was not Leopold's own ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giambettino Cignaroli
Giambettino Cignaroli (Verona, July 4, 1706 – Verona, December 1, 1770) was an Italian painter of the Rococo and early Neoclassicism, Neoclassic period. Biography He was a pupil of Santo Prunato and Antonio Balestra and active mostly in the area of the Veneto. He became the director of the academy of painting and sculpture of Verona in December 1764. The Academy was subsequently known as ''Academy of Fine Arts, Verona, Accademia Cignaroli''. Among his many pupils were Maria Suppioti Ceroni, Giovanni Battista Lorenzi (painter), Giovanni Battista Lorenzi, Saverio Dalla Rosa, Domenico Mondini, Domenico Pedarzoli, and Christopher Unterberger. His brother Giovanni Domenico Cignaroli was also a painter. For the Austrian governor of Lombardy and a collector of antiquities, Count Karl von Firmian, Cignaroli painted two canvases on Greco-Roman episodes, a thematic preferred by Neoclassic painters: ''Death of Cato'' (1759) and ''Death of Socrates''. Giambettino was born into a fami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Ernst Eberlin
Johann Ernst Eberlin (27 March 1702 – 19 June 1762) was a German composer and organist whose works bridge the baroque and classical eras. He was a composer of church organ and choral music. Marpurg claims he wrote as much and as rapidly as Alessandro Scarlatti and Georg Philipp Telemann, a claim also repeated by Leopold Mozart - though Eberlin did not live nearly as long as either of those two composers. Biography Eberlin's first musical training began in 1712 at the Jesuit Gymnasium of St. Salvator in Augsburg. His teachers there were Georg Egger and Balthasar Siberer, who taught him how to play the organ. He began his university education in 1721 at the Benedictine University in Salzburg where he studied law, but from 1723 turned to music. His first breakthrough was in 1727 when he became the organist for Count Leopold von Firmian (then Archbishop of Salzburg). He reached the peak of his career when he was the organist for Archbishop Andreas Jakob von Dietrichstein ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giuseppe Parini
Giuseppe Parini (23 May 1729 – 15 August 1799) was an Italian satirist and Neoclassicism, Neoclassical poet. Biography Parini (originally spelled Parino) was born in Bosisio Parini, Bosisio (later renamed Bosisio Parini in his honour) in Brianza, Lombardy from a poor family. His father, who was a petty silk trader, sent him to Milan under the care of his great-aunt: there he studied under the Barnabites in the Arcimboldi Academy, while earning a living by copying manuscripts. In 1741, his great-aunt left him a monthly payment, on condition that he enter the priesthood. Parini was thus ordained, although his religious studies were not profitable because of his need to work in a lawyer's office during his free time and his intolerance of the old-fashioned teaching methods used. In 1752, he published at Lugano, under the pseudonym of "Ripano Eupilino", a small volume of selected poems, ''Alcune poesie'', which secured his election to the Accademia dei Trasformati at Milan, as well ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milan
Milan ( , , ; ) is a city in northern Italy, regional capital of Lombardy, the largest city in Italy by urban area and the List of cities in Italy, second-most-populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of nearly 1.4 million, while its Metropolitan City of Milan, metropolitan city has 3.2 million residents. Within Europe, Milan is the fourth-most-populous List of urban areas in the European Union, urban area of the EU with 6.17 million inhabitants. According to national sources, the population within the wider Milan metropolitan area (also known as Greater Milan) is estimated between 7.5 million and 8.2 million, making it by far the List of metropolitan areas of Italy, largest metropolitan area in Italy and List of metropolitan areas in Europe, one of the largest in the EU.* * * * Milan is the economic capital of Italy, one of the economic capitals of Europe and a global centre for business, fashion and finance. Milan is reco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Joseph Von Firmian
Karl Joseph von Firmian (15 August 1716 – 20 July 1782) was an Austrian noble, who served as Plenipotentiary of Lombardy to the Habsburg Monarchy. His proper name was Karl Gotthard von Firmian, and in Italy known as Carlo Giuseppe di Firmian. He was the nephew of Leopold Anton von Firmian. He was also related to Leopold Maximilian von Firmian, Archbishop of Vienna. He was raised and educated in the Ettal Abbey#School, Abbey School of Ettal in Bavaria, then in Innsbruck and Salzburg. He attended university in Leiden and well traveled through France and Italy. The aristocrat was recruited in 1753 by Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor as ambassador to Naples. Three years later, he was named plenipotentiary minister to Lombardy, and served for many years. He is remembered as an avid promoter of the arts and sciences, patronizing both the artists Johann Joachim Winckelmann and Angelica Kauffman. From the painter Andrea Salvatore Aglio, he commissioned a ''Virgin of Bovilli'' and a ''Bir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Passau
Passau (; ) is a city in Lower Bavaria, Germany. It is also known as the ("City of Three Rivers"), as the river Danube is joined by the Inn (river), Inn from the south and the Ilz from the north. Passau's population is about 50,000, of whom about 12,000 are students at the University of Passau, renowned in Germany for its institutes of economics, law, theology, computer science and cultural studies. History In the 2nd century BC, many of the Boii tribe were pushed north across the Alps out of northern Italy by the Romans. They established a new capital called Boiodurum by the Romans (from Gaulish ), now within the Innstadt district of Passau. Passau was an ancient Rome, ancient Roman colony called Batavis, Latin for "for the ''Batavi''". The Batavi (Germanic tribe), Batavi were an ancient Germanic tribe from area of the Rhine delta who frequently served in the Roman army as auxiliary troops. ''Batavis'' (Passau-Altstadt) was a Roman castrum in the province of Raetia, while a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leopold Ernst Von Firmian
Leopold Ernst von Firmian (September 22, 1708 – 13 March 1783) was an Austrian bishop and cardinal. He was Bishop of Seckau from 1739 to 1763, campaigning against Protestantism. He also acted as coadjutor bishop or administrator of the Bishopric of Trento, from 1748 to 1758. As Prince-Bishop of Passau from 1763 to 1783, he was a more tolerant reforming Catholic. He became Cardinal of S. Pietro in Montorio in 1772. Family Firmian, came from the Tyrolean noble family of Firmian. Born in Trent, he was the eldest son of imperial chamberlain Baron Franz Alfons Georg von Firmian and his wife Countess Barbara Elisabeth von Thun. Leopold Anton Freiherr von Firmian, archbishop of Salzburg, was his uncle. His brother Franz was special confidant of Emperor Joseph; another brother was the Austrian plenipotentiary of Milan, Charles Joseph von Firmian. Life After completing his studies at the ''gymnasium'' in Trent, he took up the study of philosophy in Graz. In 1726, he entered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
