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Krais Of The Russian Empire
The Russian Empire at various times included the subdivisions known as ''krais'', either formally or informally. Some of these krais were: *Caucasus Krai *Turkestan Krai *Privislinsky Krai *Uriankhaisky Krai *Western Krai ** Northwestern Krai **Southwestern Krai See also *Krais of Russia A krai ( rus, край, r=kray, p=kraj, t=edge) is a type of federal subject of the Russian Federation. The country is divided into 89 federal subjects, of which nine are krais. Oblasts, another type of federal subject, are legally identica ... {{Russia-hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. The rise of the Russian Empire coincided with the decline of neighbouring rival powers: the Swedish Empire, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Qajar Iran, the Ottoman Empire, and Qing China. It also held colonies in North America between 1799 and 1867. Covering an area of approximately , it remains the third-largest empire in history, surpassed only by the British Empire and the Mongol Empire; it ruled over a population of 125.6 million people per the 1897 Russian census, which was the only census carried out during the entire imperial period. Owing to its geographic extent across three continents at its peak, it featured great ethnic, linguistic, religious, and economic diversity. From the 10th–17th centuries, the land ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krai
A krai or kray (; russian: край, , ''kraya'') is one of the types of federal subjects of modern Russia, and was a type of geographical administrative division in the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR. Etymologically, the word is related to the verb "" (''kroit'''), "to cut". Historically, krais were vast territories located along the periphery of the Russian state, since the word ''krai'' also means ''border'' or ''edge'', i.e., ''a place of the cut-off''. In English the term is often translated as "territory". , the administrative usage of the term is mostly traditional, as some oblasts also fit this description and there is no difference in constitutional legal status in Russia between the krais and the oblasts. See also * Krais of the Russian Empire * Krais of Russia * Governorate-General (Russian Empire), a general term for Krais, Oblasts, and special city municipalities in the Russian Empire *Oblast ;Foreign terms (in relation to the Russian "Krai") with similar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caucasus Krai
Caucasus Krai (russian: Кавказский край) was an administrative division (a ''krai'') of the Russian Empire. It was established in 1844. From that time until 1882 the head of the region (krai) was Viceroy-namestnik (russian: наместник), during 1882–1905 '' glavnoupravlyayushchiy'' or '' glavnonachalstvuyushchy'' (russian: главноуправляющий or главноначальствующий), and in 1905–1917 again ''namestnik A viceroy () is an official who reigns over a polity in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory. The term derives from the Latin prefix ''vice-'', meaning "in the place of" and the French word ''roy'', meaning "k ...''. References * Национальные окраины Российской империи: становление и развитие системы управления. М., 1998. * Кавказский край. Кутаисское генерал-губернаторст� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkestan Krai
Turkestan, also spelled Turkistan ( fa, ترکستان, Torkestân, lit=Land of the Turks), is a historical region in Central Asia corresponding to the regions of Transoxiana and Xinjiang. Overview Known as Turan to the Persians, western Turkestan has also been known historically as Sogdia, "Ma wara'u'n-nahr" (by its Arab conquerors), and Transoxiana by western travelers. The latter two names refer to its position beyond the River Oxus when approached from the south, emphasizing Turkestan's long-standing relationship with Iran, the Persian Empires, and the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates. Oghuz Turks (also known as Turkmens), Kyrgyzs, Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Khazars, Uyghurs and Hazaras are some of the Turkic inhabitants of the region who, as history progressed, have spread further into Eurasia forming such Turkic nations as Turkey, and subnational regions like Tatarstan in Russia and Crimea in Ukraine. Tajiks and Russians form sizable non-Turkic minorities. It is subdivided into Afg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Privislinsky Krai
Vistula Land, Vistula Country (russian: Привислинский край, ''Privislinsky krai''; pl, Kraj Nadwiślański) was the name applied to the lands of Congress Poland from 1867, following the defeats of the November Uprising (1830–31) and January Uprising (1863–1864) as it was increasingly stripped of autonomy and incorporated into Imperial Russia. It also continued to be formally known as the Kingdom of Poland ( pl, Królestwo Polskie) until the fall of the Russian Empire. Russia lost control of the region in 1915, during the course of the First World War. Following the 1917 October Revolution, it was officially ceded it to the Central Powers by signing the 1918 treaty of Brest-Litovsk. History In 1831, in the aftermath of the November Uprising, the Polish Army, the Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland, its parliament ( Sejm) and local self-administration were disbanded. The constitution was replaced by the much less liberal and never fully implemented Orga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uriankhaisky Krai
Uryankhai Krai; , ; mn, Урянхайн хязгаар, Urianhain hiazgaar, ; was the name of what is today Tuva and was a short-lived protectorate of the Russian Empire that was proclaimed on 17 April 1914, created from the Uryankhay Republic which had recently proclaimed its independence from the Qing dynasty of China in the Mongolian Revolution of 1911. After the February Revolution and abdication of Tsar Nicholas II, Uryankhay Krai recognized the new Russian Republic and reaffirmed its status as a Russian protectorate in 1917. During the Russian Civil War, the country was occupied by China and Russian "Whites" between 1918 and 1921. Supported by the Red Army, the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party established the Soviet puppet state of the Tuvan People's Republic (initially ''Tannu Tuva'') on 14 August 1921. Toponymy The name Uryankhay is of Mongolian origin, and was the Russian exonym for Tuvans from the 17th century up through the early 20th century. The term was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Krai
Western Krai (russian: Западный край, literally ''Western Land'') was an unofficial name for the westernmost parts of the Russian Empire, excluding the territory of Congress Poland (which was sometimes referred to as Vistula Krai). The term encompasses the lands annexed by the Russian Empire in the successive partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the late 18th century–in 1772, 1793, and 1795. This area is known in Poland as (Taken Lands, Stolen Lands) but is most often referred to in Polish historiography and common parlance as part of (the Russian Partition). Political geography Western Krai was made of the following lands of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth: * from the First Partition of Poland (1772): Inflants ( Latgale), northern part of the Polotsk Voivodeship, entire Mstsislaw Voivodeship and Vitebsk Voivodeship, and south eastern part of the Minsk Voivodeship (about 92,000. km²) * from the Second Partition of Poland (1793): re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northwestern Krai
Northwestern Krai (russian: links=no, Северо-Западный край) was a ''krai'' of the Russian Empire (unofficial subdivision) in the territories of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania (present-day Belarus and Lithuania). The administrative center was in Vilna (Vilnius). Northwestern Krai together with the Southwestern Krai, which was composed of the territories formerly belonging to the Polish Crown (in present-day Ukraine), formed the Western Krai. It included six : *Governorate-General of Vilna: ** Vilna Governorate **Kovno Governorate **Grodno Governorate *Minsk Governorate *Mogilev Governorate *Vitebsk Governorate See also * Southwestern Krai *Western Krai Western Krai (russian: Западный край, literally ''Western Land'') was an unofficial name for the westernmost parts of the Russian Empire, excluding the territory of Congress Poland (which was sometimes referred to as Vistula Krai). T ... References * Шафарик, П.И.br>Славя� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southwestern Krai
Southwestern Krai (russian: Юго-западный край, Yugo-zapadny kray), also known as Kiev General Governorate or Kiev, Podolia, and Volhynia General Governorate ( rus, Киевское, Подольское и Волынское генерал-губернаторство, Kievskoye, Podol'skoye i Volynskoye general-gubernatorstvo) was an administrative-territorial and political subdivision (a krai) of the Russian Empire in 1832–1914.Shandra, V. Kiev General-Governorate (КИЇВСЬКЕ ГЕНЕРАЛ-ГУБЕРНАТОРСТВО)'. Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine. 2007. It has a special status established for the gradual political and economical integration and assimilation of the non-Russian (Jewish, Polish, Tatar Ukrainian) population of right-bank Ukraine within the Russian Empire. History The Southwestern Krai or the Governor General of Kiev, Podolia and Volhynia consisting of three ''gubernias'', the Volhynia, the Podolia and the Kiev Governorate, was su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krais Of Russia
A krai ( rus, край, r=kray, p=kraj, t=edge) is a type of federal subject of the Russian Federation. The country is divided into 89 federal subjects, of which nine are krais. Oblasts, another type of federal subject, are legally identical to krais and the difference between a political entity with the name "krai" or "oblast" is purely traditional, similar to the commonwealths in the United States; both are constituent entities equivalent in legal status in Russia with representation in the Federation Council. During the Soviet era, the autonomous oblasts could be subordinated to republics or krais, but not to oblasts. Outside of political terminology, both words have very similar general meaning ("region" or "area" in English) and can often be used interchangeably. When a distinction is desirable, "krai" is sometimes translated into English as "territory", while "oblast" can variously be translated to "province" or "region", but both of these translations are also reason ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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