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Kirkpatrick–Baez Mirror
A Kirkpatrick–Baez mirror, or simply KB mirror, focuses beams of X-ray An X-ray (also known in many languages as Röntgen radiation) is a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than those of ultraviolet rays and longer than those of gamma rays. Roughly, X-rays have a wavelength ran ...s by reflecting them at grazing incidence off a curved surface, usually coated with a layer of a heavy metal. It is named after Paul Kirkpatrick and Albert Baez, the inventors of the X-ray microscope. Although X-rays can be focused by compound refractive lenses, these also reduce the intensity of the beam and are therefore undesirable. KB mirrors, on the other hand, can focus beams to small spot sizes with minimal loss of intensity. Typically they are used in pairs - one to focus horizontally and one for vertical focus. When the horizontal and vertical focuses coincide, the X-ray beam is focused to a point. See also * X-ray microscope - First applicatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
X-ray
An X-ray (also known in many languages as Röntgen radiation) is a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than those of ultraviolet rays and longer than those of gamma rays. Roughly, X-rays have a wavelength ranging from 10 Nanometre, nanometers to 10 Picometre, picometers, corresponding to frequency, frequencies in the range of 30 Hertz, petahertz to 30 Hertz, exahertz ( to ) and photon energies in the range of 100 electronvolt, eV to 100 keV, respectively. X-rays were discovered in 1895 in science, 1895 by the German scientist Wilhelm Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, who named it ''X-radiation'' to signify an unknown type of radiation.Novelline, Robert (1997). ''Squire's Fundamentals of Radiology''. Harvard University Press. 5th edition. . X-rays can penetrate many solid substances such as construction materials and living tissue, so X-ray radiography is widely used in medical diagnostics (e.g., checking for Bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Kirkpatrick
Paul H. Kirkpatrick (July 21, 1894 – December 26, 1992) was co-inventor of the X-ray reflection microscope, and the imaging technique he and his graduate student Albert Baez developed is still used, particularly in astronomy to take X-ray pictures of galaxies and in medicine.Paul Kirkpatrick, inventor of the X-ray microscope, dead at 98 . Obituary, Stanford University, 1992 An award in his name was established in the Physics Department at Stanford University
Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University, is a Private university, private research university in Stanford, California, United Stat ...
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Albert Baez
Albert Vinicio Báez ( ; ; November 15, 1912 – March 20, 2007) was a Mexican-American physicist and the father of singers Joan Baez and Mimi Fariña, and an uncle of John C. Baez. He made important contributions to the early development of X-ray microscopes, X-ray optics, and later X-ray telescopes. Early life Albert Báez was born in Puebla, Mexico, in 1912 to Alberto B. Báez and Thalia Báez. His father was a Methodist minister and his mother was a social worker for the YWCA. Albert was four when his father moved his family to the United States, first to Texas for a year and then to New York City. Albert, his sister Mimi and brother Peter were raised in Brooklyn where his father founded the First Spanish Methodist Church in New York. During his youth, Baez contemplated becoming a minister, but he followed his interests in mathematics and physics instead. Báez earned degrees in mathematics and physics from Drew University (BS, 1933) and mathematics from Syracuse Univ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
