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Khajuraho Jain Temples
The Jain temples of Khajuraho are a part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Khajuraho.Khajuraho Group of Monuments UNESCO World Heritage Site They are located in Chhatarpur district, , , about 175 kilometres southeast of the city of . History During the |
Chandella
The Chandelas of Jejakabhukti was an Indian dynasty in Central India. The Chandelas ruled much of the Bundelkhand region (then called ''Jejakabhukti'') between the 9th and the 13th centuries. They belonged to the Chandel clan of the Rajputs. The Chandelas initially ruled as feudatories of the Gurjara-Pratiharas of Kanyakubja (Kannauj). The 10th century Chandela ruler Yashovarman became practically independent, although he continued to acknowledge the Pratihara suzerainty. By the time of his successor Dhanga, the Chandelas had become a sovereign power. Their power rose and declined as they fought battles with the neighbouring dynasties, especially the Paramaras of Malwa and the Kalachuris of Tripuri. From the 11th century onwards, the Chandelas faced raids by the northern Muslim dynasties, including the Ghaznavids and the Ghurids. The Chandela power effectively ended around the beginning of the 13th century, following Chahamana and Ghurid invasions. The Chandelas are well kno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chhatarpur
Chhatarpur is a city and a municipality in Chhatarpur district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Chhatarpur District. History Chhatarpur was founded in 1785 and is named after leader Chhatrasal, the founder of Bundelkhand, and contains his cenotaph. The state was ruled by his descendants until 1785. At that time the Ponwar clan of the Rajputs took control of Chhatarpur. The state was guaranteed to Kunwar Sone Singh Ponwar in 1806 by the British Raj. In 1854 Chhatarpur would have lapsed to the British government for want of direct heirs under the doctrine of lapse, but was conferred on Jagat Raj as a special act of grace. The Ponwar Rajas ruled a princely state with an area of , and population of 156,139 in 1901, which was part of the Bundelkhand agency of Central India. In 1901 the town of Chhatarpur had a population of 10,029, a high school and manufactured paper and coarse cutlery. The state also contained the British c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jain Sculpture
Jain sculptures or Jain idols are the images depicting ''Tirthankaras'' (teaching gods). These images are worshiped by the followers of Jainism. The sculpture can depict any of the twenty-four ''tirthankaras'' with images depicting Parshvanatha, Rishabhanatha, or Mahāvīra being more popular. Jain sculptures are an example of Jain art. There is a long history of construction of Jain sculptures. Early examples include Lohanipur Torsos which has been regarded to be from the Maurya period, and images from the Kushan period from Mathura. Iconography The Jain idols are males depicted in both sitting and standing postures. The ''tīrthaṅkaras'' are represented either Padmasana (seated in yoga posture) or standing in the ''Kayotsarga'' posture. ''Parshvanatha'' statues are usually depicted with a snake crown on head, Bahubali statues are usually depicted covered with creepers. However, there are a few differences in Digambara and Śvetāmbara depiction of idols. Digambara images ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jainism In Bundelkhand
Bundelkhand, a region in central India, has been an ancient center of Jainism. It covers northern part of Madhya Pradesh and south western part of Uttar Pradesh. Bundelkhand was known as Dasharna or Jaijakabhukti in ancient times. The Betwa ( Vetravati) and Dhasan ( Dasharna) rivers flow through it. It is one of the few regions in India where Jainism has a strong presence and influence. There are many ancient tirthas in Bundelkhand region. Many of the modern scholars and monks of Jainism belong to this region. Prominent tirthas Many of the famous Jain tirthas, Vidisha, Deogarh, Lalitpur, Karguanji (Jhansi), Chanderi, Kundalpur, Khajuraho, Aharji, Paporaji, Dronagiri ( Chhatarpur), Sonagir, Nainagiri, Badagaon, Pateriaji, Beenaji, Nisaiji etc. are in this region. Jain communities Bundelkhand is home to several Jain communities: * Parwar * Golapurva * Golalare * Teranpanthi (including Samaiya, Charanagare and Ayodhyavasi) * Kathanera (also known as Kathan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pawagiri Jain Temple
Pawagiri Jain Temple or Gvaleshwar temple is a Jain temple located in Oon village, Khargone district in the state of Madhya Pradesh. History The temple was constructed by Jain merchants who migrated from Malwa following the annexation of King Kumarapala of Chaulukya dynasty in 1150 CE. The pedestal of the Tirthankara idol inside the temple bears an inscription dated 1263 CE ( V.S. 1321). Description The temple plan is similar to ''Chaubara Dera 2'', another nearby Jain temple. The temple features a square with four doors, three lead to outside and one leads to of the temple. The temple is a siddha kshetras, site of (liberation) for Jain monks. The temple is called Gvaleshwar as (cow herders) used to take shelter here during storms. The main enshrines three polished black coloured idols and the central idol is the mulnayak of the temple. The mulnayak is a idol tall of Shantinatha that bears an inscription dated 1206 CE. This temple is protected by Archaeological ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chakreshvari
In Jain cosmology, Chakeshvari or ''Apraticakra'' is the guardian goddess or Yakshini (attendant deity) of Rishabhanatha. She is the tutelary deity of the Sarawagi The Sarawagi or Saraogi or Sarawgi Jain community, meaning a Jain Śrāvaka, is also known as the Khandelwal. They originated from Khandela, a historical town in northern Rajasthan. The Sarawagi community owes its name to a strong historical ... Jain community. See also * Padmavati * Ambika Notes References * {{Jainism topics Jain minor deities Rishabhanatha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shantinath
Śāntinātha () or Śānti is the sixteenth of Jainism in the present age (). According to traditional accounts, he was born to King Vishvasena and Queen Aćira of the Ikshvaku dynasty in the north Indian city of Hastinapur. His birth date is the thirteenth day of the Jyest Krishna month of the Indian calendar. He was also a and a . He ascended to the throne when he was 25 years old. After over 25,000 years on the throne, he became a Jain monk and started his penance. After renunciation, the legends state that he travelled without food and sleep and after sixteen years received his first ' (food) after achieving . He attained ''Moksha'' on Sammed Shikharji and became a siddha, a liberated soul which has destroyed all of its karma. Along with Rishabhanatha, Neminatha, Parshvanatha and Mahavira, Shantinatha is one of the five Tirthankaras who attract the most devotional worship among the Jains. His icons include the eponymous deer as his emblem, the Nandi tree, ''Garuda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dharmachakra
The dharmachakra (Sanskrit: धर्मचक्र, ) or wheel of dharma is a symbol used in the Dharmic religions. It has a widespread use in Buddhism.John C. Huntington, Dina Bangdel, ''The Circle of Bliss: Buddhist Meditational Art,'' p. 524. In Hinduism, the symbol is particularly used in places that underwent religious transformation. The symbol also finds its usage in modern India. Historically, the dharmachakra was often used as a decoration in East Asian statues and Epigraphy, inscriptions, beginning with the earliest period of Buddhism in Southeast Asia , East Asian culture to the present. It remains a major symbol of the Buddhist religion today. Etymology The Sanskrit noun ''dharma'' () is a derivation from the root ''dhṛ'' 'to hold, maintain, keep',Monier Williams, ''A Sanskrit Dictionary'' (1899): "to hold, bear (also: bring forth), carry, maintain, preserve, keep, possess, have, use, employ, practise, undergo" and means 'what is established or firm'. The word ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ushnisha
The ushnisha (, Pali: ''uṇhīsa'') is a protuberance on top of the head of a Buddha. In Buddhist literature, it is sometimes said to represent the "crown" of a Buddha, a symbol of Enlightenment and status the King of the Dharma. Description 250px, Head of the Buddha, crowned by the ushnisha, 3rd century, Hadda, Afghanistan The Ushnisha is the thirty-second of the 32 major marks of the Buddha, wherein the Buddha is said to have a fleshy or cranial protuberance at the top of his head. It is sometimes elaborated that it is covered with hair that curls to the right. In art of Southeast Asia, a flame is sometimes added that ascends from the middle of this protuberance. Representation 250px, Flame Ushnisha, 14–15 century, Sukhothai, Thailand Buddhist art from Gandhara in the 1st century CE often represent the Buddha with a topknot, rather than just a cranial knob. It is thought that the interpretation of the ushnisha as a supernatural cranial protuberance happe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madanavarman
Madana-Varman (reigned c. 1128–1165 CE) was a king of the Chandela dynasty of India. He succeeded his father Prithvi-Varman as the ruler of the Jejakabhukti region (Bundelkhand in present-day Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh). He revived the Chandela glory by subduing the neighbouring kingdoms, and commissioned several tanks and temples. Military career The inscriptions of Madanavarman's successors describe his military achievements using conventional praises, but do not provide any specific details. The Baghari inscription of Paramardi boasts that Madanavarman scattered his enemies with his sword, just like the warrior-deity Indra cut off the wings of the mountains and killed the Vala demon. It further states that his enemies saw his red sword as they moved rapidly towards their own destruction, just as Rahu comes in contact with a newly-arisen sun. It also describes the pitiful condition of his enemies' wives, as they tearfully talked to their pet parrots with no hopes o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magic Square
In mathematics, especially History of mathematics, historical and recreational mathematics, a square array of numbers, usually positive integers, is called a magic square if the sums of the numbers in each row, each column, and both main diagonals are the same. The "order" of the magic square is the number of integers along one side (''n''), and the constant sum is called the "magic constant". If the array includes just the positive integers 1,2,...,n^2, the magic square is said to be "normal". Some authors take "magic square" to mean "normal magic square". Magic squares that include repeated entries do not fall under this definition and are referred to as "trivial". Some well-known examples, including the #Sagrada Família magic square, Sagrada Família magic square and the #Parker square, Parker square, are trivial in this sense. When all the rows and columns but not both diagonals sum to the magic constant, this gives a semimagic square (sometimes called orthomagic square). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
