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Kering S.A. () is a French multinational corporation, multinational holding company specializing in luxury goods, headquartered in Paris. It owns the brands Yves Saint Laurent (fashion house), Yves Saint Laurent, Gucci, Balenciaga, Bottega Veneta, Creed (perfume), Creed, Maui Jim, and Alexander McQueen (fashion house), Alexander McQueen. The timber-trading company Pinault S.A. was founded in 1962, by François Pinault. After the company was quoted on Euronext Paris in 1988, it became the retail conglomerate Pinault-Printemps-Redoute (''PPR'') in 1994. The luxury group was rebranded Kering in 2013. It has been a constituent of the CAC 40 since 1995. In June 2025, the company appointed Luca de Meo as its new chief executive beginning 15 September 15 2025, replacing François-Henri Pinault who had been President and CEO of Kering since 2005. Pinault will remain Chairman of the board. In 2024, the group's revenue reached €17.2 billion. History Timber (1962-1988) In 1962, Franà ...
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Gucci
Guccio Gucci S.p.A., doing business as Gucci ( , ), is an Italian Luxury goods, luxury fashion house based in Florence. Its product lines include handbags, ready-to-wear, footwear, accessories, and home decoration; and it licenses its name and branding to Coty Inc., Coty for fragrance and cosmetics under the name Gucci Beauty. Gucci was founded in 1921 by Guccio Gucci (1881–1953) in Florence, Tuscany. Under the direction of Aldo Gucci (son of Guccio), Gucci became a worldwide-known brand, an icon of the Italian ''Italian economic miracle, dolce vita'' period. Following family feuds during the 1980s, the Gucci family was entirely ousted from the capital of the company by 1993. After this crisis, the brand was revived and in 1999 Gucci became a subsidiary of the French conglomerate PPR, which later renamed itself to Kering. In 2024, Gucci operated 529 stores with 20,032 employees, and generated €7.65 billion in sales. Stefano Cantino has been CEO of Gucci since October 2024 ...
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Paris Stock Exchange
Euronext Paris, formerly known as the Paris Bourse (), is a regulated securities trading venue in France. It is Europe's second largest stock exchange by market capitalization, behind the London Stock Exchange, as of December 2023. As of 2022, the 795 companies listed had a combined market capitalization of over US$4.58 trillion. Since September 2000, the Paris Bourse has been part of Euronext, of which it was a co-founder together with the Amsterdam Stock Exchange and Brussels Stock Exchange. It was subsequently rebranded Euronext Paris. History The Paris stock market started taking shape in the early 18th century, and first acquired prominence with trading of John Law's Company from 1717 to 1721. In 1724, a government decree gave it its first permanent regulation and is occasionally though dubiously taken as the market's starting point. From the second half of the 19th century, official stock markets in Paris were operated by the ''Compagnie des agents de change'', dire ...
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Brittany
Brittany ( ) is a peninsula, historical country and cultural area in the north-west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica in Roman Gaul. It became an Kingdom of Brittany, independent kingdom and then a Duchy of Brittany, duchy before being Union of Brittany and France, united with the Kingdom of France in 1532 as a provinces of France, province governed as a separate nation under the crown. Brittany is the traditional homeland of the Breton people and is one of the six Celtic nations, retaining Culture of Brittany, a distinct cultural identity that reflects History of Brittany, its history. Brittany has also been referred to as Little Britain (as opposed to Great Britain, with which it shares an etymology). It is bordered by the English Channel to the north, Normandy to the northeast, eastern Pays de la Loire to the southeast, the Bay of Biscay to the south, and the Celtic Sea and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. Its land area is 34,023  ...
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Luca De Meo
Luca de Meo (born 13 June 1967) is an Italian automotive executive who is the former CEO of Renault Group. On June 15, 2025, it was announced that he will leave Renault to take over the leadership of the Kering group. Early life and education Born in Milan in 1967 to parents originating from the Puglia region, de Meo received a degree in Business Administration from Bocconi University in Milan. In his thesis he examined business ethics, which was one of the first dissertations on this subject in Italy. De Meo developed a passion for cars at the age of seven. He was intrigued by the Italian pilot Arnaldo Cavallari, who took de Meo for a ride in his Lancia Fulvia HF. Career Automotive sector De Meo has more than thirty years of experience in the automotive sector. He began his career at Renault, from 1992 to 1998, in Italy then France, prior to joining Toyota Europe. Fiat Group In 2002, de Meo joined the Fiat Group, where he was Head of Business Units of the brand Lancia, ...
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Euronext Paris
Euronext Paris, formerly known as the Paris Bourse (), is a regulated securities trading venue in France. It is Europe's second largest stock exchange by market capitalization, behind the London Stock Exchange, as of December 2023. As of 2022, the 795 companies listed had a combined market capitalization of over US$4.58 trillion. Since September 2000, the Paris Bourse has been part of Euronext, of which it was a co-founder together with the Amsterdam Stock Exchange and Brussels Stock Exchange. It was subsequently rebranded Euronext Paris. History The Paris stock market started taking shape in the early 18th century, and first acquired prominence with trading of John Law's Company from 1717 to 1721. In 1724, a government decree gave it its first permanent regulation and is occasionally though dubiously taken as the market's starting point. From the second half of the 19th century, official stock markets in Paris were operated by the ''Compagnie des agents de change'', ...
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Maui Jim
Maui Jim is an American sunglasses manufacturer based in Peoria, Illinois. Founded in Lahaina, Hawaii, in 1980, the company designs, develops, and manufactures a wide variety of sunglasses marketed under the eponymous brand name. As of 2015, it was the third-largest producer of sunglasses in the world. In October 2022, Maui Jim was acquired by Kering. History The company's roots began in 1980 when a fisherman began selling sunglasses on the beaches of Maui, Hawaii. He was known as the original "Maui Jim". Several years later, the company developed polarized sunglasses to protect eyes from glare and ultraviolet rays. In 1991, Walter Hester, a boat captain, purchased the company and built the brand to what it is today. He named the company Hester Enterprises, Inc. In 1994, Illinois-based RLI Vision became the mainland distributor for the company, then called Maui Jim Sunglasses. In 1996, Maui Jim Sunglasses bought RLI Vision from its parent company, Peoria, Illinois-based RLI ...
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Creed (perfume)
Creed Fragrances is an Anglo-French multi-national niche perfume house, based in Paris. It is owned by the luxury group Kering and managed by its beauty division Kering Beauté. The company was supposedly originally founded as a tailoring house in London, England in 1760 by James Henry Creed. It has boutiques in Paris, London, New York City, Beverly Hills, Sydney, Dubai, Kuwait City, Vienna, Manila, Cebu City, Mexico City, Milan, Miami, Toronto (Yorkdale Mall) and Dallas in addition to stands in high end retailers across the world. The current generation of creative directors consists of Olivier Creed and his son Erwin Creed. Early history James Henry Creed supposedly founded the House of Creed in London in 1760 as a tailoring establishment, however, the earliest evidence of Creed's existence hark from the late 1960s or early 1970s. It claims to have risen to fame in the mid 19th century under Henry Creed as tailors and habit makers for the fashionable dandy Count d'Orsay, Qu ...
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Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, fourth-most populous city in the European Union and the List of cities proper by population density, 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2022. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of the world's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, culture, Fashion capital, fashion, and gastronomy. Because of its leading role in the French art, arts and Science and technology in France, sciences and its early adoption of extensive street lighting, Paris became known as the City of Light in the 19th century. The City of Paris is the centre of the ÃŽle-de-France region, or Paris Region, with an official estimated population of 12,271,794 inhabitants in January 2023, or ...
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Luxury Goods
In economics, a luxury good (or upmarket good) is a good (economics), good for which demand (economics), demand increases more than what is proportional as income rises, so that expenditures on the good become a more significant proportion of overall spending. Luxury goods are in contrast to necessity goods, where demand increases proportionally less than income. ''Luxury goods'' is often used synonymously with superior goods. Definition and etymology The word "luxury" derives from the Latin verb ''luxor'' meaning to overextend or strain. From this, the noun ''luxuria'' and verb ''luxurio'' developed, "indicating immoderate growth, swelling, ... in persons and animals, willful or unruly behavior, disregard for moral restraints, and licensciousness", and the term has had negative connotations for most of its long history. One definition in the OED is a "thing desirable but not necessary". A luxury good can be identified by comparing the demand for the good at one point in time agai ...
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Holding Company
A holding company is a company whose primary business is holding a controlling interest in the Security (finance), securities of other companies. A holding company usually does not produce goods or services itself. Its purpose is to own Share capital, stock of other companies to create a corporate group. In some jurisdictions around the world, holding companies are called parent companies, which, besides holding Share capital, stock in other companies, can conduct trade and other business activities themselves. Holding companies reduce risk for the shareholders, and can permit the ownership and control of a number of different companies. ''The New York Times'' uses the term ''parent holding company''. Holding companies can be subsidiaries in a Subsidiary#Tiered subsidiaries, tiered structure. Holding companies are also created to hold assets such as intellectual property or trade secrets, that are protected from the operating company. That creates a smaller risk when it comes ...
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Multinational Corporation
A multinational corporation (MNC; also called a multinational enterprise (MNE), transnational enterprise (TNE), transnational corporation (TNC), international corporation, or stateless corporation, is a corporate organization that owns and controls the production of goods or services in at least one country other than its home country. Control is considered an important aspect of an MNC to distinguish it from international portfolio investment organizations, such as some international mutual funds that invest in corporations abroad solely to diversify financial risks. Most of the current largest and most influential companies are Public company, publicly traded multinational corporations, including Forbes Global 2000, ''Forbes'' Global 2000 companies. History Colonialism The history of multinational corporations began with the history of colonialism. The first multinational corporations were founded to set up colonial "factories" or port cities. The two main examples were the ...
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