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Katipunan
The Katipunan (), officially known as the (; ) and abbreviated as the KKK, was a revolutionary organization founded in 1892 by a group of Filipino nationalists Deodato Arellano, Andrés Bonifacio, Valentin Diaz, Ladislao Diwa, José Dizon, and Teodoro Plata. Its primary objective was achieving independence from the Spanish Empire through an armed revolution. It was formed as a secret society before its eventual discovery by Spanish authorities in August 1896. This discovery led to the start of the Philippine Revolution. Historians generally placed the date of its founding in July 1892 shortly after the arrest and deportation of Filipino author and nationalist José Rizal to Dapitan in Mindanao. Rizal was one of the founders of the nascent La Liga Filipina, which aimed for a Filipino representation to the Spanish Parliament. Many members of the Katipunan, including Bonifacio himself, were members of that organization. However, recent discovery of documents of the organization s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrés Bonifacio
Andrés Bonifacio y de Castro (, ; November 30, 1863May 10, 1897) was a Filipino people, Filipino revolutionary leader. He is often called "The Father of the Philippines, Philippine Philippine Revolution, Revolution", and considered a national heroes of the Philippines, national hero of the Philippines.. He was a co-founder and later ''Kataastaasang Pangulo'' (Spanish language, Spanish: ''Presidente Supremo'', “Supreme President”, often shortened by contemporaries and historians to ''Supremo'') of the ''Katipunan, Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan'' more commonly known as the "Katipunan", a movement that sought the independence of the Philippines from Spanish Empire, Spanish colonial rule and started the Revolution. Bonifacio reorganized the ''Katipunan'' into a revolutionary government, with himself as ''Pangulo'' (President) of a nation-state called ''Haring Bayang Katagalugan'' (“Sovereign Nation of the Tagalog People” or “Sovereign Taga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippine Revolution
The Philippine Revolution ( or ; or ) was a war of independence waged by the revolutionary organization Katipunan against the Spanish Empire from 1896 to 1898. It was the culmination of the 333-year History of the Philippines (1565–1898), colonial rule of Spain in the archipelago. The Captaincy General of the Philippines, Philippines was one of the last major colonies of the Spanish Empire, which had already suffered Spanish American wars of independence, a massive decline in the 1820s. Cuban War of Independence, Cuba rebelled in 1895, and in 1898, the United States Spanish–American War, intervened and the Spanish soon capitulated. In June, Philippine revolutionaries Philippine Declaration of Independence, declared independence. However, it was not recognized by Spain, which sold the islands to the United States in the Treaty of Paris (1898), Treaty of Paris. Led by Andrés Bonifacio, the Katipunan was formed in secrecy in 1892 in the wake of the nascent La Liga Filipina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tejeros Convention
The Tejeros Convention (Spanish: ''Convención de Tejeros''; Tagalog: ''Kapulungan sa Tejeros''), also referred to as the Tejeros Assembly or Tejeros Congress, was a meeting held on March 22, 1897, in San Francisco de Malabon (now General Trias), Cavite, Philippines. This gathering brought together factions of the Katipunan, namely Magdiwang (faction), Magdiwang and Magdalo (faction), Magdalo, and led to the establishment of a new revolutionary government that took over leadership of the Philippine Revolution, replacing the Katipunan. It followed the earlier Imus Assembly. Filipino historians regard this event as the first presidential and vice presidential elections in Philippine history, although only Katipuneros (members of the Katipunan) participated, not the general public. Convention Purpose The revolutionary leaders convened the assembly at a friar estate in Tejeros, originally with the intent of discussing the defense of Cavite against Spanish forces, as Governor Genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Román Basa
Román Bása (February 29, 1848 – February 6, 1897) was a Filipino patriot who was the second ''Supremo'' or leader of the Katipunan, the secret society which sparked the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule in 1896. Personal life, education and career Basa was born to Mariano Basa and Dorotea Esteban in San Roque, Cavite where he also completed his primary schooling. He was an alumnus of Escuela Nautica de Manila, now known as the Philippine Merchant Marine Academy (PMMA). He was employed in the Comandancia de Marina in Manila as ''oficial segundo'', which is a senior position for a clerk. He married Josefa Inocencio, the cousin of Maximo Inocencio (one of the thirteen martyrs of Cavite). They had two children: Cristina Luz and Lucio. After his death, his son Lucio would adopt the surname Torres. La Liga Filipina Basa was a member of the La Liga Filipina and used the name Baesa Bata. Basa would support Marcelo H. Del Pilar in secretly propagating the newspaper ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cry Of Pugad Lawin
The Cry of Pugad Lawin (, ) was the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire. In late August 1896, members of the Katipunan led by Andrés Bonifacio revolted somewhere around Caloocan, which included parts of the present-day Quezon City. Originally the term ''cry'' referred to the first clash between the Katipuneros and the Civil Guards (''Guardia Civil''). The cry could also refer to the tearing up of community tax certificates (''cédulas personales'') in defiance of their allegiance to Spain. This was literally accompanied by patriotic shouts. Because accounts of the event vary, the exact date and place of the event is unknown.. From 1908 until 1963, the event was thought to have occurred on August 26 in Balintawak. In 1963, the Philippine government declared August 23 to be the date of the event in Quezon City. Characterization of the event The term "Cry" is translated from the Spanish ''el grito de rebelion'' (cry of rebellion) or ''el gri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deodato Arellano
Deodato Arellano y de la Cruz (July 26, 1844 – October 7, 1899) was a Filipino propagandist and the first President (corporate title), president of the Katipunan, which was founded at his home in Azcarraga Street (Recto Avenue, Claro M. Recto Avenue today), Manila. He was first to be given the title Supremo by the Katipunan. After studying bookkeeping in Ateneo de Municipal de Manila (Ateneo de Manila University now), he became an assistant clerk for the Spanish military. He was a member of the Freemasonry in the Philippines and became involved in the Propaganda Movement. Biography Early life and career Arellano was born on July 26, 1844, in Maysantol, Bulakan, Bulacan, Bulacan, Bulacan to Juan Arellano and Mamerta de la Cruz. Their family surname was replaced to Arellano conforming to the 1849 order of then Governor-General of the Philippines Narciso Clavería y Zaldúa Catálogo alfabético de apellidos, to standardize conventions on family names. Arellano went to Ateneo Mun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Rizal
José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (, ; June 19, 1861 – December 30, 1896) was a Filipino nationalist, writer and polymath active at the end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is popularly considered a national hero (''pambansang bayani'') of the Philippines. An ophthalmologist by profession, Rizal became a writer and a key member of the Filipino Propaganda Movement, which advocated political reforms for the colony under Spain. He was executed by the Spanish colonial government for the crime of rebellion after the Philippine Revolution broke out; the revolution was inspired by his writings. Though he was not actively involved in its planning or conduct, he ultimately approved of its goals, which eventually resulted in Philippine independence. Rizal is widely considered one of the greatest and most influential figures in the Philippines, and has been recommended to be so honored by an officially empaneled National Heroes Committee. Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ladislao Diwa
Ladislao Diwa y Nocon (June 27, 1863 − March 12, 1930) was a Filipino patriot who was among the founders of the Katipunan that initiated the Philippine Revolution against Spain in 1896. Early years He was born in San Roque, Cavite to Mariano Diwa and Cecilia Nocon and was educated at the Colegio de San Juan de Letran and later studied for the priesthood at the University of Santo Tomas. But he had to abandon his ecclesiastical studies just before his ordination in order to pursue law. He believed that due to the political unrest in the country, he would be able to serve in a much greater capacity as a lawyer than as a priest. He studied law instead and it was while he was studying law that Diwa met Andrés Bonifacio who often distributed propaganda material, authored by José Rizal and Marcelo H. del Pilar during the Propaganda Movement in Spain, inside the university campus. The two became close friends and Diwa later boarded with Teodoro Plata at Bonifacio's house in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Dizon
José Dizon y Matanza (died January 11, 1897) was a Filipino patriot who was among those who founded the Katipunan that sparked the Philippine Revolution Dizon was born in Binondo, Manila and was married to Roberta Bartolomé, who died in March 1876, eight months after giving birth to their daughter Marina. Dizon entrusted Marina to his sister Josefa Dizon Jacinto and her son Emilio Jacinto while he worked as an engraver in the mint in Manila. In April 1892, he was inducted into the freemasonic lodge founded by Pedro Serrano Laktaw. That same year, he founded the lodge ''Taliba'' in Trozo(present part of masangkay corner mayhaligue street of Tondo, District 2), Manila and served as its venerable master. He was also among the officers of the grand regional council that included Apolinario Mabini. Like many Filipino freemasons of that time, Dizon was among the original members of La Liga Filipina which José Rizal founded to push for reforms in the Spanish colonial administrati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teodoro Plata
Teodoro Plata (1866 – February 6, 1897) was a Filipino patriot, and a co-founder of the Katipunan, the secret society which sparked the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule in 1896. He met Andrés Bonifacio at a boarding house in Manila along with Ladislao Diwa who was then a law student at the University of Santo Tomas. Bonifacio, Diwa and Plata were all freemasons who were inspired by the nationalistic objectives of the Propaganda Movement in Europe. Plata was a member of La Liga Filipina, which was founded by José Rizal to push for reforms in the Spanish colonial administration. But he agreed with Bonifacio and Diwa who believed that the time was ripe for an armed uprising. On July 6, 1892, upon learning of Rizal's exile to Dapitan island in Mindanao, Plata, Bonifacio and Diwa decided to form a secret society to prepare for a revolution against Spain. The following day, they met with their friends and fellow freemasons Deodato Arellano, Valentin Díaz and José ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Liga Filipina
La Liga Filipina () was a secret society. It was founded by José Rizal in the house of Doroteo Ongjunco at Ilaya Street, Tondo, Manila on July 3, 1892.In 1892, prior to its birth, Rizal alighted at the Old Malolos station to campaign in the Malolos Historic Town Center for the Philippine League's establishment. The organization derived from La Solidaridad and the Propaganda movement. The purpose of La Liga Filipina was to build a new group that sought to involve the people directly in the reform movement. The league was to be a sort of mutual aid and self-help society dispensing scholarship funds and legal aid, loaning capital and setting up cooperatives, the league became a threat to Spanish authorities that they arrested Rizal on July 6, 1892, then he was sent to Dapitan. During the exile of Rizal, the organization became inactive, though through the efforts of Domingo Franco and Andrés Bonifacio, it was reorganized. The organization decided to declare its support fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valentín Díaz
Valentín Díaz y Villanueva (1 November 1845 – 11 December 1916) was a Filipino patriot who was among the founders of the Katipunan that started the Philippine Revolution against Spain in 1896. He was elected as treasurer of the organization. On July 7, 1892, he together with fellow masons Andres Bonifacio, Deodato Arellano, Ladislao Diwa, and Jose Dizon founded the Katipunan through the ritual of blood compact. Díaz was born in Paoay, Ilocos Norte. He was a member of La Liga Filipina, which José Rizal founded to peacefully promote reforms in the Spanish colonial administration of the Philippines. Being a resident of Tondo, Manila Manila, officially the City of Manila, is the Capital of the Philippines, capital and second-most populous city of the Philippines after Quezon City, with a population of 1,846,513 people in 2020. Located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay on ..., he joined the La Liga council that was headed by Andrés Bonifacio, one of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
