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Jura Water Correction
The correction of the waters of the Swiss Jura consisted of a wide series of hydrological undertakings carried out in Switzerland in the region of the three lakes: Lake Morat connected to Lake Neuchatel by the Broye Canal, the latter connected to Lake Bienne by the Thielle Canal, an area called the " Seeland”. These projects included the operations of cleaning, restoration and diversion of rivers. The main works took place in three distinct phases during the 19th and 20th centuries. The correction has helped regulate the hydrology. It limits the risk of flooding, particularly in the areas covered by the Aare. It has also added vast areas of valuable agricultural land through the drying out and subsequent sanitization and improvement of the swamps which used to lie between these three lakes. Many rivers have been corrected in Switzerland, for example the Rhône, which has undergone several adjustments between the 19th century and present day. However, the realignments in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corrections Eau Jura General
In criminal justice, particularly in North America, correction, corrections, and correctional, are umbrella terms describing a variety of functions typically carried out by government agencies, and involving the punishment, treatment, and supervision of persons who have been convicted of crimes. These functions commonly include imprisonment, parole, and probation.Bryan A. Garner, editor, ''Black's Law Dictionary'', 9th ed., West Group, 2009, , 0-314-19949-7, p. 396 (or p. 424 depending on the volume) A typical ''correctional institution'' is a prison. A ''correctional system'', also known as a ''penal system'', thus refers to a network of agencies that administer a jurisdiction's prisons, and community-based programs like parole, and probation boards. This system is part of the larger criminal justice system, which additionally includes police, prosecution and courts. Jurisdictions throughout Canada and the US have ministries or departments, respectively, of corrections, cor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cantons Of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland (german: Kanton; french: canton ; it, cantone; Sursilvan and Surmiran: ; Vallader and Puter: ; Sutsilvan: ; Rumantsch Grischun: ) are the member states of the Swiss Confederation. The nucleus of the Swiss Confederacy in the form of the first three confederate allies used to be referred to as the . Two important periods in the development of the Old Swiss Confederacy are summarized by the terms ('Eight Cantons'; from 1353–1481) and ('Thirteen Cantons', from 1513–1798).rendered "the 'confederacy of eight'" and "the 'Thirteen-Canton Confederation'", respectively, in: Each canton of the Old Swiss Confederacy, formerly also ('lieu/locality', from before 1450), or ('estate', from ), was a fully sovereign state with its own border controls, army, and currency from at least the Treaty of Westphalia (1648) until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848, with a brief period of centralised government during the Helvetic Repub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meienried
Meienried is a municipality in the Seeland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Meienried is first mentioned in 1255 as ''Meinrieth''. The village grew around a medieval ferry dock and customs station, which was first mentioned in 1268. It was located on a small rise between the Zihl and Aare rivers. On the eastern or Zihl side was Underfar village with a boat landing and a ferry to Safnern. On the western or Aare side was Oberfar with ferries to Dotzigen and Büren an der Aare. The village was part of the Büren district in the lands of the Counts of Neuchâtel-Nidau. In 1255, the Counts gave Meienried to the Gottstatt Monastery, which they had recently founded. After the extinction of the Counts, between 1388 and 1393 the entire '' Herrschaft'' of Büren, including Meienried, went to Bern. The Jura water correction of 1868-75 helped protect the village from flooding from the surrounding rivers. In 1970 the marshes around the village wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emme (river)
The Emme is a river in Switzerland. It rises in the Alps between the peaks of Hohgant and Augstmatthorn in the canton of Bern. The Emme is long and flows through the Emmental and between Zuchwil and Luterbach into the Aare. The drainage area is . The average discharge at the mouth is approximately . The maximum discharge can be up to . The Emme is known for its sudden variations in water discharge. The narration ''Die Wassernot im Emmental'' (''The Water Crisis in the Emmen Valley'') by Jeremias Gotthelf impressively describes a very large and destructive, and therefore well-known, flood which occurred August 13, 1837. This and other floods led to the building of numerous canals and dams in the 19th century. The tributaries of the Emme are the Ilfis and the Limpach. See also *Emmental *Kleine Emme The Kleine Emme is a river of the canton of Lucerne, Switzerland, a left tributary of the Reuss extending for 58 km, draining a basin of 477 km². It is not to be confus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hagneck
Hagneck is a municipality in the Seeland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. History Archeological discoveries Traces of early and late Bronze Age settlements have been found in the Hagneck marshland, which is part of the Grand Marais. Construction on a hill that separated the marshes from the lake resulted in the destruction of what appeared to be a Roman era drainage pipe. A portion of the Roman road between Vinelz and Täuffelen is still visible near village. Scattered medieval artifacts have been found near the marsh and the remains of a medieval castle were destroyed during construction of the Hagnek channel. Foundation and growth Hagneck is first mentioned in 1353 as ''Hagneg''. The small village of Hagnek was part of the parish of Täuffelen and the land was owned by the Counts of Neuchâtel-Nidau. Many of their estates, including Hagneck, were acquired by Bern in 1398. Under Bernese rule, the village was part of the Epsach quarter of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard La Nicca
Richard La Nicca (16 August 1794 in Safien-Neukirch – 27 August 1883 in Chur) was a Swiss engineer known as the pioneering planner and implementer of the Jura water correction project in the Swiss Jura. Originating from Sarn and Chur, La Nicca was the son of Christian La Nicca, a pastor of Safien, Neukirch and Tenna, and Anna Gredig. Career In 1809 La Nicca was at Canton School Chur. as a lieutenant in the Swiss regiment of Victor Emanuel I. in Piedmont. 1816–18 Student of technical sciences at the University of Tübingen. In 1818-21 he was Assistant to Giulio L. Pocobellis in the construction of the “Kommerzialstrasse” on the San Bernardino and in this function and others involved in the construction of the important "Ponte Vittorio Emanuele", south of the pass. Under his leadership, a new road was constructed at the Viamala with a tunnel and gallery which avoided the ascent over the Rongeller Höhe. The three existing bridges were incorporated in the road, wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Rudolf Schneider
Johann Rudolf Schneider (born 23 October 1804 in Meienried, Canton of Bern; died 14 January 1880) was a Swiss physician, political leader, and initiator of the Jura water correction. Biography He studied medicine in Bern and Berlin. In 1828, he settled in Nidau, where he opened a doctor's surgery. As a member of the association for preservation (Schutzverein) he committed himself to sanitization of the Grand Marais. As early as 1834, Jan Pawel Lelewel, who had been chief engineer, had been committed with such a project His project however did not convince, neither the political parties, nor the involved Cantons could find an agreement. In the year 1835, Schneider published a book on the recurring floods in Seeland. A year later, he was elected in the Grand Council of the Canton of Bern. 1837 he successfully motioned that the planning and the execution of a Jura water correction to be committed to a private organization. Accordingly, 1840, he founded the "Society preparatory ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Marais, Seeland
Grand Marais (german: Grosses Moos) in Seeland is a region in Switzerland, at the foot of the first mountain range of the Jura Mountains contained by the three lakes of Morat (Murten), Neuchâtel and Bienne (Biel). Before the huge hydrological works Jura water correction, it was a marshland that covered . Before the correction the entire Grand Marais, along with the whole of Seeland was prone to very severe recurring floods. After the Jura water correction, the former marshland has become very valuable agricultural land and made the whole area the most important region in Switzerland for growing vegetables. The main town and centre of vegetable trading is Müntschemier. There are two prisons with surrounding agricultural compounds: Bellechasse (Witzwil The Justizvollzugsanstalt Witzwil (Prison Witzwil) is a men's prison in the canton of Bern, Switzerland. It consists of a closed part and a number of minimum security habitation units. The prisoners work on the institution's h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jura (canton)
The Republic and Canton of Jura (french: République et canton du Jura), less formally the Canton of Jura or Canton Jura ( , ), is the newest (founded in 1979) of the 26 Swiss cantons, located in the northwestern part of Switzerland. The capital is Delémont. It shares borders with the canton of Basel-Landschaft, the canton of Bern, the canton of Neuchatel, the canton of Solothurn, and the French régions of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté and Grand Est. History The king of Burgundy donated much of the land that today makes up canton Jura to the bishop of Basel in 999. The area was a sovereign state within the Holy Roman Empire for more than 800 years. After the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 the Jura had close ties with the Swiss Confederation. At the Congress of Vienna (1815), the Jura region became part of the canton of Bern. This act caused dissension. The Jura was French-speaking and Roman Catholic, whereas the canton of Bern was mostly German-speaking and Protestant. After ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bern (canton)
The canton of Bern or Berne (german: Kanton Bern; rm, Chantun Berna; french: canton de Berne; it, Canton Berna) is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. Its capital city, Bern, is also the ''de facto'' capital of Switzerland. The bear is the heraldic symbol of the canton, displayed on a red-yellow background. Comprising ten districts, Bern is the second-largest canton by both surface area and population. Located in west-central Switzerland, it is surrounded by eleven cantons. It borders the canton of Jura and the canton of Solothurn to the north. To the west lie the canton of Neuchâtel, the canton of Fribourg and canton of Vaud. To the south lies the canton of Valais. East of the canton of Bern lie the cantons of Uri, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Lucerne and Aargau. The geography of the canton includes a large share of all three natural regions of Switzerland: the Jura Mountains (the Bernese Jura), the Swiss Plateau (the Bernese Mittelland) and the Alps (the Be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solothurn (canton)
The canton of Solothurn or canton of Soleure (german: Kanton Solothurn rm, Chantun Soloturn french: Canton de Soleure; it, Canton Soletta) is a canton of Switzerland. It is located in the northwest of Switzerland. The capital is Solothurn. History The foundation of the village of ''Salodurum'' took place in the time of the Roman emperor Tiberius. The territory of the canton comprises land acquired by the former town, mainly in the Middle Ages. For that reason the shape of the canton is irregular and includes two exclaves along the French border, separated from the rest of the canton by Basel-Land, which form separate districts of the canton. In 1481, the canton became a member of the military alliance of the former Swiss confederation. At the end of the Reformation, Solothurn maintained its Catholic religion. Between 1798 and 1803 the canton was part of the Helvetic Republic. In 1803 Solothurn was one of the 19 Swiss cantons that were reconstituted by Napoleon (''Mediation''). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
