|
Juan De Borbón Y Braganza
''Don'' Juan Carlos María Isidro de Borbón (15 May 1822 – 18 November 1887) was the Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain from 1860 to 1868, holder of the Legitimist claim to the throne of France from 1883 to 1887, and was a possible candidate to the Mexican throne before the establishment of the Second Mexican Empire in the 1860s. Youth Juan was born at the Palacio Real de Aranjuez in the province of Madrid, the younger son of the Infante Carlos María Isidro of Spain, brother of King Ferdinand VII, and his first wife, Infanta Maria Francisca of Portugal. He was raised in an atmosphere imbued with traditional values of loyalty to the monarchy and the Church. In March 1833 Juan moved with his family to Portugal. The following September Juan's uncle Ferdinand VII died, and Juan's father Carlos claimed the throne of Spain as King Carlos V. Carlos opposed the succession of his infant niece Queen Isabella II whose mother the Queen Regent Maria Christina managed to take con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Don (honorific)
The terms Don (in Spanish language, Spanish and Italian language, Italian), Dom (in Portuguese language, Portuguese), and Domn (in Romanian language, Romanian), are honorific prefixes derived from the Latin language, Latin ''Dominus'', meaning "lord" or "owner". The honorific is commonly used in Spain, Portugal, and Italy, as well as in the Spanish-speaking world and Portuguese-speaking world, as well as some other places formerly colonized by Spain or Portugal. The feminine equivalents are (), (), (Romanian) and (). The term is derived from the Latin : a master of a household, a title with background from the Roman Republic in classical antiquity. With the abbreviated form having emerged as such in the Middle Ages, traditionally it is reserved for Catholic clergy and nobles, in addition to certain educational authorities and persons of high distinction. Spanish-speaking world In Spanish, although originally a title reserved for royalty, select nobles, and church hierarch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palacio Real De Aranjuez
The Royal Palace of Aranjuez () is one of the official residences of the Spanish royal family. It is located in the town of Aranjuez (Community of Madrid, Madrid), Spain. Established in the 16th century as a royal hunting lodge, the palace was built by order of Philip II of Spain, Philip II. Under his reign it became one of four seasonal seats of the court along Rascafría, El Escorial and the Royal Alcázar of Madrid. The royal estate comprises a set of landscaped and ornate gardens and woodlands that house an extensive botanical collection. Several Treaty of Aranjuez (other), international treaties were signed there and several members of the royal family died in the palace, including: Elisabeth of Valois in 1568, Barbara of Portugal in 1758, Elisabeth Farnese in 1766, Princess Maria Antonia of Naples and Sicily, Maria Antonia of Naples in 1806, Maria Isabel of Braganza in 1818 and Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony in 1828. In 1931, during the Second Spanish Republic, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Santiago
The Order of Santiago (; ) is a religious and military order founded in the 12th century. It owes its name to the patron saint of Spain, ''Santiago'' ( St. James the Greater). Its initial objective was to protect the pilgrims on the Way of St. James, to defend Christendom and to remove the Muslim Moors from the Iberian Peninsula with the Reconquista. Entrance was not restricted to nobility of Spain exclusively, and some members have been Catholic Europeans from other parts of Europe. The Order's insignia is particularly recognisable and abundant in Western art. With the culmination of the Reconquista and the death of the Grand Master Alonso de Cárdenas, the Catholic Monarchs incorporated the Order into the Spanish Crown, and the Pope Adrian VI forever united the office of Grand Master of Santiago to the Crown in 1523. The First Republic suppressed the Order in 1873, but it was re-established in the Restoration as a nobiliary institute of honorable character. The Orde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles IV Of Spain
Charles IV (; 11 November 1748 – 20 January 1819) was King of Spain and ruler of the Spanish Empire from 1788 to 1808. The Spain inherited by Charles IV gave few indications of instability, but during his reign, Spain entered a series of disadvantageous alliances and his regime constantly sought cash to deal with the exigencies of war. He detested his son and heir Ferdinand VII, Ferdinand, who led the unsuccessful El Escorial Conspiracy and later forced Charles's abdication after the Tumult of Aranjuez in March 1808, along with ousting Charles's widely hated first minister Manuel Godoy. Summoned to Bayonne by Napoleon Bonaparte, who forced Ferdinand VII to abdicate, Charles IV also abdicated, paving the way for Napoleon to place his older brother Joseph Bonaparte on the throne of Spain. The reign of Charles IV turned out to be a major negative turning point in Spanish history. Early life Charles was the second son of Charles III of Spain, Charles III and his wife, Maria Amalia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bigamist
In a culture where only monogamous relationships are legally recognized, bigamy is the act of entering into a marriage with one person while still legally married to another. A legal or de facto separation of the couple does not alter their marital status as married persons. In the case of a person in the process of divorcing their spouse, that person is taken to be legally married until such time as the divorce becomes final or absolute under the law of the relevant jurisdiction. Bigamy laws do not apply to couples in a de facto or cohabitation relationship, or that enter such relationships when one is legally married. If the prior marriage is for any reason void, the couple is not married, and hence each party is free to marry another without falling foul of the bigamy laws. Bigamy is a crime in most countries that recognise only monogamous marriages. When it occurs in this context often neither the first nor second spouse is aware of the other. In countries that have bigamy l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
St Mary's Roman Catholic Church, Clapham
St Mary's Church, Clapham, officially Our Immaculate Lady of Victories, is a Grade II*-listed Roman Catholic church on Clapham Park Road in Clapham, South London, England run by the London province of the Redemptorist Congregation within the Archdiocese of Southwark. The church is located on the corner of Clapham Common, near Clapham Common tube station. The current Bishop of Hallam, Ralph Heskett, was parish priest at St Mary's between 1999 and 2008. The current parish priest of St Mary's is Fr Caspar Mukabva CSsR. Church building Founded by Bishop (later Cardinal) Nicholas Wiseman, the foundation stone of the current church of St Mary's was laid in 1849. Designed in a Gothic Revival style by William Wardell, with fittings by John Francis Bentley, the building was completed during 1851 and blessed by Cardinal Wiseman on 14 May 1851. On 8 February 1979 the church was listed on the National Heritage List for England. The church is joined to the adjacent Redemptorist monast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Revolutions Of 1848 In The Italian States
The 1848 Revolutions in the Italian states, part of the wider Revolutions of 1848 in Europe, were organized revolts in the states of the Italian peninsula and Sicily, led by intellectuals and agitators who desired a liberal government. As Italian nationalists they sought to eliminate reactionary Austrian control. During this time, Italy was not a unified country, and was divided into many states, which, in Northern Italy, were ruled directly or indirectly by the Austrian Empire. A desire to be independent from foreign rule, and the conservative leadership of the Austrians, led Italian revolutionaries to stage revolution in order to drive out the Austrians. The revolution was led by the state of the Kingdom of Sardinia. Some uprisings in the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia, particularly in Milan, forced the Austrian General Radetzky to retreat to the Quadrilateral fortresses. King Charles Albert, who ruled Piedmont-Sardinia from 1831 to 1849, aspired to unite Italy with the endo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Beatrice Of Savoy
Maria Beatrice of Savoy (Maria Beatrice Vittoria Giuseppina; 6 December 1792 – 15 September 1840) was Duchess of Modena by marriage to Francis IV, Duke of Modena. Biography Early life Maria Beatrice was born on 6 December 1792 in Turin. She was the eldest daughter of Victor Emmanuel, Duke of Aosta, and his wife Maria Teresa of Austria-Este. Her father became King of Sardinia unexpectedly in 1802 when Charles Emmanuel IV abdicated. Her maternal grandparents were Ferdinand Karl, Archduke of Austria-Este and Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa. Ferdinand was the third son of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Maria Theresa of Austria. Maria Beatrice was the eldest daughter of Ercole III d'Este and Maria Theresa, Princess of Carrara. In December 1798, Maria Beatrice left Turin with her parents and uncles to escape the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. They fled to Parma, then to Florence, and finally settled in Sardinia, the last dominion held by Kingdom of Sard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francis IV, Duke Of Modena
Francis IV Joseph Charles Ambrose Stanislaus (Italian: ''Francesco IV Giuseppe Carlo Ambrogio Stanislao d'Asburgo-Este''; 6 October 1779 – 21 January 1846) was Duke of Modena, Reggio, and Mirandola (from 1815), Duke of Massa and Prince of Carrara (from 1829), Archduke of Austria-Este, Royal Prince of Hungary and Bohemia, Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece. Biography Francis was born in Milan. His father was Ferdinand Karl, Archduke of Austria-Este and Duke of Breisgau, his mother Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa and Princess of Carrara, who was the last descendant of the House of Este and, through her mother, of the House of Cybo-Malaspina. He was a grandson of Maria Theresa of Austria, head of the House of Habsburg, and was heir to the Este states through his father, who had been invested with the succession in the imperial fies of the Este by the Perpetual Imperial Diet in 1771, just before his marriage to Maria Beatrice, although he could never act ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cortes Generales
The (; ) are the Bicameralism, bicameral legislative chambers of Spain, consisting of the Congress of Deputies (the lower house) and the Senate of Spain, Senate (the upper house). The Congress of Deputies meets in the Palacio de las Cortes, Madrid, Palacio de las Cortes. The Senate meets in the Palacio del Senado. Both are in Madrid. The Cortes are elected through universal, free, equal, direct and secret suffrage, with the exception of some senatorial seats, which are elected indirectly by the legislatures of the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous communities. The are composed of 615 members: 350 Deputies and 265 Senators. The members of the serve four-year terms, and they are representatives of the Spanish people. In both chambers, the seats are divided by constituencies that correspond with the Provinces of Spain, fifty provinces of Spain, plus Ceuta and Melilla. However, each island or group of islands within the Canary Islands, Canary and Balearic Islands, Bal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Carlist War
The First Carlist War was a civil war in Spain from 1833 to 1840, the first of three Carlist Wars. It was fought between two factions over the succession to the throne and the nature of the Monarchy of Spain, Spanish monarchy: the conservative and devolutionist supporters of the late king's brother, Infante Carlos, Count of Molina, Carlos de Borbón (or ''Carlos V''), became known as Carlism, Carlists (''carlistas''), while the progressive and centralist supporters of the regent, Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies, Maria Christina, acting for Isabella II of Spain, were called Liberals (''liberales''), ''cristinos'' or ''isabelinos''. Aside from being a war of succession about the question who the rightful successor to King Ferdinand VII of Spain was, the Carlists' goal was the return to an absolute monarchy, while the Liberals sought to defend the constitutional monarchy. It was the largest and most deadly civil war in nineteenth-century Europe and fought by more men than the Pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Christina Of The Two Sicilies
Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (, ; 27 April 1806 – 22 August 1878) was the queen consort of Spain, Queen of Spain from 1829 to 1833 and Queen regent of the kingdom from 1833, when her daughter became queen at age two, to 1840. By virtue of her short marriage to King Ferdinand VII of Spain, she became a central character in Spanish history for nearly 50 years, thanks to introducing a bicameral model of government based on the Bourbon Restoration in France: the Spanish Royal Statute of 1834. Early life Born in Palermo, Kingdom of Sicily, Sicily on April 27, 1806, she was the daughter of Francis I of the Two Sicilies, King Francis I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Isabella of Spain. Queen of Spain On 27 May 1829, Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony, the third wife of King Ferdinand VII of Spain, died. Ferdinand VII, old and ill, had not sired a male heir, sparking a succession duel between the Infanta Maria Francisca of Braganza, Maria Francisca and the Infante Infante Carlos, Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
