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Jean Joseph De Laborde, Marquis Of Laborde
Jean Joseph de Laborde, Marquis of Laborde (29 January 1724 – 18 April 1794) was a French businessman, slave trader, '' fermier général'' and banker to the king, who turned politician. A liberal, he was guillotined in the French Revolution. Though legally a Marquis he rarely used his title. Biography Laborde was born near Jaca in Aragon, into a modest ''béarnaise'' family. When he reached adolescence he joined his uncle, who was head of a maritime import–export company at Saint-Jean-de-Luz, and took over as head of the business on the cousin's death. He based his subsequent fortune not only on this company, but also on transatlantic trade (supplying the American colonies with basics, in return for far more financially interesting products such as tropical fruits, rare trees and enslaved people) and his sugar plantations on Saint-Domingue (Haiti). He shipped nearly 10,000 people to the French colony of Saint-Domingue on his slave ships and enslaved 2,000 on the plantat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaca
Jaca (; in Aragonese language, Aragonese: ''Chaca'' or ''Xaca'') is a city of northeastern Spain in the province of Huesca (province), Huesca, located near the Pyrenees and the border with France. Jaca is an ancient fort on the Aragón (river), Aragón River, situated at the crossing of two great early medieval routes, one from Toulouse to Santiago de Compostela and Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Pau to Zaragoza. Jaca was the city out of which the County of Aragon, County and Kingdom of Aragon developed. It was the first capital of the Kingdom of Aragon until 1096 and also the capital of Jacetania. Villages Besides Jaca town, there are a number of outlying villages in the municipality of Jaca, including the ski resort of Astún. History The origins of the city are obscure, but its name is apparently of Iacetani origin, as Strabo lists them as one of the most celebrated of the numerous small tribes inhabiting the Ebro basin. Strabo adds that their territory lay on the site of the w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Château De La Ferté-Vidame
A château (, ; plural: châteaux) is a manor house, or palace, or residence of the lord of the manor, or a fine country house of nobility or gentry, with or without fortifications, originally, and still most frequently, in French-speaking regions. Nowadays, a ''château'' may be any stately residence built in a French style; the term is additionally often used for a winegrower's estate, especially in the Bordeaux region of France. Definition The word château is a French word that has entered the English language, where its meaning is more specific than it is in French. The French word ''château'' denotes buildings as diverse as a medieval fortress, a Renaissance palace and a fine 19th-century country house. Care should therefore be taken when translating the French word ''château'' into English, noting the nature of the building in question. Most French châteaux are "palaces" or fine "country houses" rather than "castles", and for these, the word "château" is appropria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Édouard Jean Joseph De Laborde De Marchainville
Édouard Jean Joseph de Laborde de Marchainville (26 June 1762, Paris – 13 July 1786, Baie des Français, Lituya, Alaska) was a French explorer and naval officer. Early life: 1762–1780 Marchainville was born 26 June 1762, to father Jean-Joseph de Laborde (1724–1794) and mother Rosalie Claire Josèphe de Nettine (1737–1815). He also had eight siblings, including François Laborde de Méreville. Life In 1780, on board ''la Couronne'', commanded by Guichen, Marchainville participated in battles of the American Revolutionary War and bore himself so well that his captain mentioned him favourably in dispatches. On ''l'Aigrette'', commanded by Fleuriot de Langle he functioned as an "officier chargé du détail", as he also did on board the ''la Résolue''. In 1784, he was held to be experienced enough to command the corvette ''la Fauvette''. Leaving Newport, Rhode Island for île de France in consort with ''le Réfléchi'', ''la Fauvette'' was separated by a sudden stor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Laborde De Méreville
François Louis Jean-Joseph de Laborde (1761–1801) was a French banker, deputy for the Third Estate to the Estates General of 1789 and garden lover. He also bore the name Méréville after his huge estate at château de Méréville in Beauce, France, Beauce, acquired by his father under Louis XVI. Life His father was Jean-Joseph de Laborde, one of the richest financiers under Louis XV of France, Louis XV and Louis XVI of France, Louis XVI, while his mother was Rosalie de Nettine (1737-1820), linked to a family of bankers linked to the Austrian Empire, Austrian Imperial Court. His brother, Édouard Jean Joseph de Laborde de Marchainville, Édouard Jean Joseph, was an explorer. He fought in the American Revolutionary War under the command of Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, Rochambeau. He was a cousin of the prince de Poix and thus related, via his sister Nathalie, to Gilbert du Motier de La Fayette, La Fayette. He was procurator general and special procurator ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Château De La Ferté-Vidame
A château (, ; plural: châteaux) is a manor house, or palace, or residence of the lord of the manor, or a fine country house of nobility or gentry, with or without fortifications, originally, and still most frequently, in French-speaking regions. Nowadays, a ''château'' may be any stately residence built in a French style; the term is additionally often used for a winegrower's estate, especially in the Bordeaux region of France. Definition The word château is a French word that has entered the English language, where its meaning is more specific than it is in French. The French word ''château'' denotes buildings as diverse as a medieval fortress, a Renaissance palace and a fine 19th-century country house. Care should therefore be taken when translating the French word ''château'' into English, noting the nature of the building in question. Most French châteaux are "palaces" or fine "country houses" rather than "castles", and for these, the word "château" is appropria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orleans Collection
The Orleans Collection was a very important collection of over 500 paintings formed by Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, mostly acquired between about 1700 and his death in 1723. Apart from the great royal-become-national collections of Europe it is arguably the greatest private collection of Western art, especially Italian, ever assembled, and probably the most famous, helped by the fact that most of the collection has been accessible to the public since it was formed, whether in Paris, or subsequently in London, Edinburgh and elsewhere. The core of the collection was formed by 123 paintings from the collection of Queen Christina of Sweden, which itself had a core assembled from the war booty of the sacks by Swedish troops of Munich in 1632 and Battle of Prague (1648), Prague in 1648 during the Thirty Years War. During the French Revolution the collection was sold by Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, Louis Philippe d'Orléans, ''Philippe Égalité'', and most of it acquired by an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reign Of Terror
The Reign of Terror (French: ''La Terreur'', literally "The Terror") was a period of the French Revolution when, following the creation of the French First Republic, First Republic, a series of massacres and Capital punishment in France, numerous public executions took place in response to the Federalist revolts, revolutionary fervour, Anti-clericalism, anticlerical sentiment, and accusations of treason by the Committee of Public Safety. While terror was never formally instituted as a legal policy by the Convention, it was more often employed as a concept. Historians disagree when exactly "the Terror" began. Some consider it to have begun in 1793, often giving the date as 5 September or 10 March, when the Revolutionary Tribunal came into existence. Others cite the earlier September Massacres in 1792, or even July 1789 when the first killing of the revolution occurred. Will Durant stated that "strictly, it should be dated from the Law of Suspects, September 17, 1793, to the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis De Saint-Just
Louis Antoine Léon de Saint-Just (; 25 August 176710 Thermidor, Year II 8 July 1794, sometimes nicknamed the Archangel of Terror, was a French revolutionary, political philosopher, member and president of the French National Convention, a Jacobin club leader, and a major figure of the French Revolution. The youngest person elected to the National Convention, he was a member of the Mountain faction and a steadfast supporter and close friend of Robespierre. He was swept away in Robespierre's downfall on 9 Thermidor, Year II. Renowned for his eloquence, he stood out for his uncompromising nature and inflexibility of his principles advocating equality and virtue, as well as for the effectiveness of his missions during which he rectified the situation of the Army of the Rhine and contributed to the victory of the republican armies at Fleurus. Politically combating the Girondins, the Hebertists, and then the Indulgents, he pushed for the confiscation of the property of the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estates General (France)
In France under the Ancien Régime, the Estates General ( ) or States-General was a legislative and consultative assembly of the different classes (or estates) of French subjects. It had a separate assembly for each of the three estates (clergy, nobility and commoners), which were called and dismissed by the king. It had no true power in its own right as, unlike the English Parliament, it was not required to approve royal taxation or legislation. It served as an advisory body to the king, primarily by presenting petitions from the various estates and consulting on fiscal policy. The Estates General first met in 1302 and 1303 in relation to King Philip IV's conflict with the papacy. They met intermittently until 1614 and only once afterward, in 1789, but were not definitively dissolved until after the French Revolution. The Estates General were distinct from the '' parlements'' (the most powerful of which was the Parlement of Paris), which started as appellate courts but la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, Comte De Mirabeau
Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, Count of Mirabeau (; 9 March 17492 April 1791) was a French writer, orator, statesman and a prominent figure of the early stages of the French Revolution. A member of the nobility, Mirabeau had been involved in numerous scandals that had left his reputation in ruins. Well-known for his oratory skills, Mirabeau quickly rose to the top of the French political hierarchy following his election to the Estates General of 1789, Estates-General in 1789, and was recognized as a leader of the newly organized National Assembly (French Revolution), National Assembly. Among the revolutionaries, Mirabeau was an advocate of the moderate position of constitutional monarchy built on the model of Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain. He was also a leading member of the Jacobins, Jacobin Club. Mirabeau died of pericarditis in 1791 and was regarded as a national hero and a father of the Revolution. He received a grand burial and was the first to be interred at the Panthà ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Château De Méréville
The Château de Méréville is a chateau in Méréville in the valley of the Juine, France. It is the rival of the Désert de Retz as two of the most extensive Landscape Gardens provided with follies and picturesque features — ''parcs à fabriques'' — made in the late eighteenth century. Both are early examples of the romantic French Landscape Garden — ''jardin a l'anglaise'' — an interpretation of the English garden style that was replacing the Garden à la française. the Château de Méréville and garden park survive, partially dismantled. After being owned by a Japanese pension fund who planned to turn it into a golf resort, in 2000 the chateau was bought by the regional government. As of 2008, plans to restore it had made little progress. History Up to 1786 The château was first built as a medieval fortress, and then rebuilt on the medieval buildings' remains in 1768 for the ''conseiller du roi'' Jean Delpech. The 1768 phase was provided with modest formal ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XV
Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached maturity (then defined as his 13th birthday) in 1723, the kingdom was ruled by his grand-uncle Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, as Régence, Regent of France. André-Hercule de Fleury, Cardinal Fleury was chief minister from 1726 until his death in 1743, at which time the king took sole control of the kingdom. His reign of almost 59 years (from 1715 to 1774) was the second longest in the history of France, exceeded only by his predecessor, Louis XIV, who had ruled for 72 years (from 1643 to 1715). In 1748, Louis returned the Austrian Netherlands, won at the Battle of Fontenoy of 1745. He ceded New France in North America to Great Britain and Spain at the conclusion of the disastrous Seven Years' War in 1763. He incorporated the territories of the Duchy of Lorr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
