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Jan Ruff O'Herne
Jeanne Alida "Jan" Ruff-O'Herne (18 January 1923 – 19 August 2019) was a Dutch Australian of Irish ancestry and human rights activist known for campaigning internationally against war rape. During World War II, Ruff-O'Herne was forced into sexual slavery by the Imperial Japanese Army. After remaining silent for fifty years, Ruff-O'Herne spoke out publicly from the 1990s until her death to demand a formal apology from the Japanese government and to highlight the plight of other "comfort women". On her death, the South Australian Attorney-General noted: "her story of survival is a tribute to her strength and courage, and she will be sorely missed not only here in South Australia, but around the world." Biography Ruff-O'Herne was born in 1923 in Bandung in the Dutch East Indies, then a colony of the Dutch Empire. She grew up as a devout Catholic. During the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Ruff-O'Herne and thousands of Dutch women were forced into hard physical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bandung
Bandung is the capital city of the West Java province of Indonesia. Located on the island of Java, the city is the List of Indonesian cities by population, fourth-most populous city and fourth largest city in Indonesia after Jakarta, Surabaya, and Medan. Greater Bandung (Bandung Basin Metropolitan Area / BBMA) is the country's second-largest and second most populous List of metropolitan areas in Indonesia, metropolitan area, with over 11 million inhabitants. Situated above sea level (the highest point in the North area is at an altitude of , and the lowest in the South at above sea level), approximately southeast of Jakarta, Bandung has cooler year-round temperatures than most other List of cities in Indonesia, Indonesian cities. The city lies in a river basin surrounded by volcanic mountains that provide a natural defense system, which was the primary reason for the Dutch East Indies government's plan to move the capital from Batavia (modern-day Jakarta) to Bandung. The D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian War Memorial
The Australian War Memorial (AWM) is a national war memorial, war museum, museum and archive dedicated to all Australians who died as a result of war, including peacekeeping duties. The AWM is located in Campbell, Australian Capital Territory, Campbell, a suburb of the Australian capital city of Canberra. The grounds include five buildings and a sculpture garden. Most of the museum galleries and commemorative areas are contained in the Memorial Building. Plans to build a national war memorial and museum were initiated shortly after the First World War, with the AWM formally established through federal legislation in 1925. Designs for the AWM were created by Emil Sodersten and John Crust, although the onset of the Great Depression delayed its construction. Work on the Memorial Building progressed in the mid-1930s, and the AWM was officially opened to the public in 1941. Several structures designed by Denton Corker Marshall were built on the grounds from the 1980s to 2000s, to hous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Japanese-run Internment Camps During World War II
This is an incomplete list of Japanese-run military prisoner-of-war and civilian internment and concentration camps during World War II. Some of these camps were for prisoners of war (POW) only. Some also held a mixture of POWs and civilian internees, while others held solely civilian internees. Camps in the Philippines * Cabanatuan * Davao Prison and Penal Farm * Camp O'Donnell * Los Baños * Santo Tomas Internment Camp * Bilibid Prison * Puerto Princesa Prison Camp * Camp John Hay * Camp Holmes Internment Camp * Camp Manganese, Guindulman, Bohol * Camp Malolos, Bulacan Camps in Malaya and the Straits Settlements (Singapore) * Changi Prison, Singapore * Selarang Barracks, Singapore * River Valley Camp, Singapore * Blakang Mati, Sentosa, Singapore * Outram Road Prison, Singapore * Sime Road, Singapore * No 2 and no 5 detached camp, Port Dickson, Malaya * No 1 detached camp, Kuala Lumpur, Malaya - possibly Pudu Prison * Unit 9420 Camps in Formosa (Taiwan) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States House Of Representatives
The United States House of Representatives is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the lower house, with the U.S. Senate being the upper house. Together, the House and Senate have the authority under Article One of the United States Constitution, Article One of the Constitution of the United States, U.S. Constitution to pass or defeat federal legislation, known as Bill (United States Congress), bills. Those that are also passed by the Senate are sent to President of the United States, the president for signature or veto. The House's exclusive powers include initiating all revenue bills, Impeachment in the United States, impeaching federal officers, and Contingent election, electing the president if no candidate receives a majority of votes in the United States Electoral College, Electoral College. Members of the House serve a Fixed-term election, fixed term of two years, with each seat up for election before the start of the next Congress. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of The Netherlands
The Netherlands is a parliamentary representative democracy. A constitutional monarchy, the country is organised as a decentralised unitary state.''Civil service systems in Western Europe'' edited by A. J. G. M. Bekke, Frits M. Meer, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2000, Chapter 7 The Netherlands can be described as a consociational state. Dutch politics and governance are characterised by a common striving for broad consensus on important issues, within both of the political community and society as a whole. Constitution The Dutch Constitution lists the basic civil and social rights of the Dutch citizens and it describes the position and function of the institutions that have executive, legislative and judiciary power. The constitution applies to the Netherlands, one of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The Netherlands comprises all of the European territory, as well as the Caribbean islands of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba. The Kingdom a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asian Women's Fund
The , also abbreviated to in Japanese, was a fund set up by the Japanese government in 1994 to distribute monetary compensation to comfort women in South Korea, the Philippines, Taiwan, the Netherlands, and Indonesia.Asian Women's Fund Online MuseuEstablishment of the AW Fund, and the basic nature of its projectsRetrieved on August 17, 2012 Approximately ¥600 million ( $5 million) was donated by the people of Japan and a total of ¥4.8 billion ( $40 million) was provided by the Government of Japan. Each survivor was provided with a signed apology from the prime minister, stating "As Prime Minister of Japan, I thus extend anew my most sincere apologies and remorse to all the women who underwent immeasurable and painful experiences and suffered incurable physical and psychological wounds as comfort women."Japan FocuThe Comfort Women, the Asian Women’s Fund and the Digital Museum February 1, 2008Retrieved on August 16, 2012 The fund was dissolved on March 31, 2007.Asian Women's F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War Rape
Wartime sexual violence is rape or other forms of sexual violence committed by combatants during an armed conflict, war, or military occupation often as spoils of war, but sometimes, particularly in ethnic conflict, the phenomenon has broader sociological motives. Wartime sexual violence may also include gang rape and rape with objects. It is distinguished from sexual harassment, sexual assaults and rape committed amongst troops in military service. During war and armed conflict, rape is frequently used as a means of psychological warfare in order to humiliate and terrorize the enemy. Wartime sexual violence may occur in a variety of situations, including institutionalized sexual slavery, wartime sexual violence associated with specific battles or massacres, as well as individual or isolated acts of sexual violence. Rape can also be recognized as genocide when it is committed with the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a targeted group. International legal ins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fifty Years Of Silence
50 (fifty) is the natural number following 49 and preceding 51. In mathematics Fifty is the smallest number that is the sum of two non-zero square numbers in two distinct ways. 50 is a Stirling number of the first kind and a Narayana number. In science * The fifth magic number in nuclear physics In religion * The traditional number of years in a jubilee period.Leviticus 25:10 * The Solemnity of Pentecost is celebrated fifty days from and including Easter Sunday. The Greek word pentekoste means fiftieth, hence the name. * The fifty Hail Mary during the meditation of the mysteries of the life of Jesus and the Virgin Mary of the Holy Rosary * In Hindu tantric tradition, the number 50 holds significance as the 50 Rudras in the Malinīvijayottara correlate with the 50 phonemes of Sanskrit, as well as with the 50 severed heads worn around goddess Kali's head. The mantra ''Aham'' ("I am"), as laid out in the Vijñāna Bhairava represents the first अ(a) and last ह(ha) ph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foundation Of Japanese Honorary Debts
Foundation(s) or The Foundation(s) may refer to: Common uses * Foundation (cosmetics), a skin-coloured makeup cream applied to the face * Foundation (engineering), the element of a structure which connects it to the ground, and transfers loads from the structure to the ground * Foundation (evidence), a legal term * Foundation (nonprofit), a type of charitable organization ** Foundation (United States law), a type of charitable organization in the U.S. ** Private foundation, a charitable organization that might not qualify as a public charity by government standards Arts, entertainment, and media Film and TV * ''The Foundation'', a film about 1960s-1970s Aboriginal history in Sydney, featuring Gary Foley * ''The Foundation'' (1984 TV series), a Hong Kong series * ''The Foundation'' (Canadian TV series), a 2009–2010 Canadian sitcom * "The Foundation" (''Seinfeld''), an episode * ''Foundation'' (TV series), an Apple TV+ series adapted from Isaac Asimov's novels Games * ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A New Musical
A, or a, is the first letter and the first vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, and others worldwide. Its name in English is '' a'' (pronounced ), plural ''aes''. It is similar in shape to the Ancient Greek letter alpha, from which it derives. The uppercase version consists of the two slanting sides of a triangle, crossed in the middle by a horizontal bar. The lowercase version is often written in one of two forms: the double-storey and single-storey . The latter is commonly used in handwriting and fonts based on it, especially fonts intended to be read by children, and is also found in italic type. In English, '' a'' is the indefinite article, with the alternative form ''an''. Name In English, the name of the letter is the ''long A'' sound, pronounced . Its name in most other languages matches the letter's pronunciation in open syllables. History The earliest known ancestor of A is ''aleph''—the first letter of the Phoenician ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Java
West Java (, ) is an Indonesian Provinces of Indonesia, province on the western part of the island of Java, with its provincial capital in Bandung. West Java is bordered by the province of Banten and the country's capital region of Jakarta to the west, the Java Sea to the north, the province of Central Java to the east and the Indian Ocean to the south. With Banten, this province is the native homeland of the Sundanese people, the Ethnic groups in Indonesia, second-largest ethnic group in Indonesia. West Java was one of the first eight provinces of Indonesia formed following the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, country's independence proclamation and was later legally re-established on 14 July 1950. In 1966, the city of Jakarta was split off from West Java as a 'special capital region' (), with a status equivalent to that of a province, while in 2000 the western parts of the province were in turn split away to form a separate Banten province. Even following these split- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brothel
A brothel, strumpet house, bordello, bawdy house, ranch, house of ill repute, house of ill fame, or whorehouse is a place where people engage in Human sexual activity, sexual activity with prostitutes. For legal or cultural reasons, establishments often describe themselves as massage parlors, bars, strip clubs, body rub parlours, studios, or by some other description. Sex work in a brothel is considered safer than street prostitution. Legal status On 2 December 1949, the United Nations General Assembly approved the Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others. The convention came into effect on 25 July 1951 and by December 2013, had been ratified by 82 states. The convention seeks to combat prostitution, which it regards as "incompatible with the dignity and worth of the human person." Parties to the convention agreed to abolish regulation of individual prostitutes, and to ban brothels and Procuring (prostitu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
