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Jamal Ul-Azam
Jamal ul-Azam (d. 1881), also spelled Jamalul Azam, was the sultan of Sulu from 1862 to 1881. He was infamous for his maintenance of extensive contracts with British and German traders. These were done to counter Spanish dominance in Mindanao. In 1878, he allowed Gustav Overbeck to have north Borneo. To subside hostilities between Sulus and the Spanish military, he was convinced to sign a peace treaty on July 1878. Appearance and personality The French doctor Joseph Montano gave an account of his court. During his time of visit, the sultan and his court were conducting shooting exercises. Montano commented that the sultan was accompanied by his son Brahamuddin. During the conduct of their discussion, they proceeded to the audience hall accompanied by his Afghan religious adviser. His manners was described by the French doctor as cordial and dignified. He also further added the sultan has a keen interest in geopolitics. He described both Sultan Jamalul Azam and his son as: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
List Of Sultans Of Sulu
This is a list of sultans of Sulu and later pretenders to the title. The Royal House of Sulu is a royal house of the Sulu Archipelago in the Philippines. Historically the head of the Sultanate of Sulu, after 1915 the position of sultan carries with it no political powers or privileges and became mostly a cultural figure. Pre-sultanate kings Sulu was divided into three kingdoms before the sultanate arose. The descendants of Paduka Pahala, through his two sons, live in Dezhou, China, and have the surnames An and Wen. Soon after, Sharif ul-Hāshim of Sulu arrived in Sulu and married the princess Dayang-dayang Paramisuli of the previous royal family, founding the Sultanate of Sulu. List of sultans Claimants after 1936 Any claimed political sovereignty of the sultanate was formally abolished in 1915, when Sultan Jamalul Kiram II renounced his remaining territories to the Insular Government. Its successor state, the Philippines, became a republic which repeatedly at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sultanate Of Sulu
The Sultanate of Sulu (; ; ) is a Sunni Muslim subnational monarchy in the Philippines, Republic of the Philippines that includes the Sulu Archipelago, coastal areas of Zamboanga City and certain portions of Palawan in today's Philippines. Historically, the Sultanate included parts of present-day Sabah and North Kalimantan in north-eastern Borneo, but Malaysia does not recognize the territory of North Borneo as part of the Sultanate. The sultanate was founded either on 17 November 1405 or 1457 by Johore-born explorer and Sunni religious scholar Sharif ul-Hāshim of Sulu, Sharif ul-Hashim. ''Paduka Mahasari Maulana al Sultan Sharif ul-Hashim'' became his full regnal name; ''Sharif-ul Hashim'' is his abbreviated name. He settled in Buansa, Sulu. The sultanate gained its independence from the Bruneian Empire in 1578. At its peak, it stretched over the islands that bordered the western peninsula of Zamboanga Peninsula, Zamboanga in Mindanao in the east to Palawan in the north. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Mohammad Pulalun Kiram
Mohammad Pulalun Kiram (d. 1862) was sultan of Sulu from 1844 to 1862. He succeeded his father, Jamalul Kiram I. During his reign, Spanish expedition to Sulu was led by Governor-General Narciso Claveria y Zaldua and subsequent conflict with the Spanish military under Governor-General Juan Antonio de Urbiztondo. As sultan, he was known for his political administration making the Royal House of Kiram extend its influence and fame among Sulus. Treaties France In 1844, the French concluded a treaty with the Sultan of Sulu to acquire Basilan Island in exchange for a significant amount of money. While the terms of this treaty were not fully implemented, it along with the presence of English, Dutch, and French vessels in Sulu waters prompted the Spaniards to take more aggressive measures to subjugate the Sulu Archipelago. Great Britain Sir James Brooke's treaty with Sultan Pulalun in 1849 was met with hostility from the Spanish colonial government. The treaty, which aimed to protect Br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Mohammed Badarud-Din II
Badarud-Din II (d.1884), was sultan of Sulu from 1881 to 1884. He succeeded Jamal ul-Azam shortly after his death. He became sultan at the age of 19 and died in 1884 at the age of 22. His rule was marked with incompetence due to his lack of education and mismanagement. His death caused a civil war for succession among Maimbung forces and Patikul datus. Photograph From a photo in the 1880s, a photo of the "Sultan of Sulu" along with his four servants was widely circulated outside the sultanate. The identification of the four servants were relatively unknown. It was not until January 2022 that a letter by Hadji Butu to Ball Powell was analyzed by Maria Cristina Juan, M.A. from the Museum, Heritage and Material Culture Studies from SOAS University of London, SOAS, University of London. Powell inquired the names of the people in this particular photo. Butu replied that the photo depicts Sultan Badaruddin II and his four servants: Hadji Bandahali, Hadji Omar, Hadji Samla, and Samania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Sultan Of Sulu
The Sultanate of Sulu (; ; ) is a Sunni Muslim subnational monarchy in the Republic of the Philippines that includes the Sulu Archipelago, coastal areas of Zamboanga City and certain portions of Palawan in today's Philippines. Historically, the Sultanate included parts of present-day Sabah and North Kalimantan in north-eastern Borneo, but Malaysia does not recognize the territory of North Borneo as part of the Sultanate. The sultanate was founded either on 17 November 1405 or 1457 by Johore-born explorer and Sunni religious scholar Sharif ul-Hashim. ''Paduka Mahasari Maulana al Sultan Sharif ul-Hashim'' became his full regnal name; ''Sharif-ul Hashim'' is his abbreviated name. He settled in Buansa, Sulu. The sultanate gained its independence from the Bruneian Empire in 1578. At its peak, it stretched over the islands that bordered the western peninsula of Zamboanga in Mindanao in the east to Palawan in the north. It also covered areas in the northeast of Borneo, s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Gustav Overbeck
Gustav Overbeck (4 March 1830 – 8 April 1894) from 1867 von Overbeck, in 1873 Baron von Overbeck, in 1877 Maharaja of Sabah and Rajah of Gaya and Sandakan, was a German businessman, adventurer and diplomat. Early life Overbeck was the son of pharmacist and medical councillor Georg Heinrich Overbeck from Lemgo. Overbeck came to Bremen for a commercial apprenticeship with his uncle in the family business there, but did not stay long, and emigrated to the United States in the spring of 1850 with his cousin August Meier. He went to San Francisco and opened a business, while undertaking adventurous trade journeys to Hawaii, the South Seas, Alaska, and the Bering Strait. Career He came into contact with the English trading house Dent & Co., which in 1854 gave him a job in British Hong Kong. In 1856, he was appointed Prussia's Vice Consul before becoming a consul for the Austrian Empire in 1864. Overbeck resigned from his Prussian post in 1866, following the Austro-Prussian War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
National University Of Singapore
The National University of Singapore (NUS) is a national university, national Public university, public research university in Singapore. It was officially established in 1980 by the merging of the University of Singapore and Nanyang University. The university offers degree programmes in disciplines at both the undergraduate and postgraduate levels, including in the sciences, medicine and dentistry, design and environment, law, arts and social sciences, engineering, business, computing, and music. NUS's main campus is located adjacent to the Kent Ridge subzone of Queenstown, Singapore, Queenstown. The Duke–NUS Medical School is located at the Outram, Singapore, Outram campus. The Bukit Timah campus houses the National University of Singapore Faculty of Law, Faculty of Law and Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy. NUS's affiliated faculty members and researchers include one Nobel Prize laureate, one Tang Prize laureate, and one Vautrin Lud Prize, Vautrin Lud laureate. History ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Juramentados
Juramentado, in Philippine history, refers to a male Moro swordsman (from the Tausug tribe of Sulu) who attacked and killed targeted occupying and invading police and soldiers, expecting to be killed himself, the martyrdom undertaken as a form of jihad, considered a form of suicide attack. Unlike an amok, who commits acts of random violence against Muslims and non-Muslims alike, a juramentado was a dedicated, premeditated, and sometimes highly skilled warrior who prepared himself through a ritual of binding, shaving, and prayer in order to accomplish brazen attacks armed only with edged weapons. For generations warlike Moro tribes had successfully prevented Spain from fully controlling the areas around Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago, developing a well-earned reputation as notorious seafaring raiders, adept naval tacticians, and ferocious warriors who frequently demonstrated extraordinary personal bravery in combat. While Moro forces could never match opponents' firepower ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Harun Ar-Rashid (sultan Of Sulu)
Sultan Harun Ar-Rashid was a sultan of Sulu from 1886 to 1894. He was confirmed a sultan by the Spanish colonial government and was appointed on September 24, 1886. His reign ended in 1894 due to the lack of support from fellow Sulus and regional unrest. He was removed from appointment by Spanish authorities. Ascension As datu, he went to Manila alone and Governor Juan Arolas recommended him for sultanate. Governor-General Emilio Terrero y Perinat received authority from Madrid to take action for the appointment of Datu Harun. Datu Harun was appointed sultan of Sulu on September 24, 1886. For the celebration of his appointment, Harun was escorted to Jolo, Sulu by 200 Spanish soldiers for his return from Manila. He made plans to go to Parang in order to make allegiance with his people. Unfortunately, his appointment was met with dissatisfaction. He retired in Jolo for his safety. The Sulu chiefs, with arms, demanded that Amirul Kiram should be sultanate. Rule Amirul Kiram's ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Borneo
Borneo () is the List of islands by area, third-largest island in the world, with an area of , and population of 23,053,723 (2020 national censuses). Situated at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, it is one of the Greater Sunda Islands, located north of Java Island, Java, west of Sulawesi, and east of Sumatra. The island is crossed by the equator, which divides it roughly in half. The list of divided islands, island is politically divided among three states. The sovereign state of Brunei in the north makes up 1% of the territory. Approximately 73% of Borneo is Indonesian territory, and in the north, the East Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak make up about 26% of the island. The Malaysian federal territory of Labuan is situated on a small island just off the coast of Borneo. Etymology When the sixteenth-century Portuguese explorer Jorge de Menezes made contact with the indigenous people of Borneo, they referred to their island as ''Pulu K'lemantang'', which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Maimbung
Maimbung, officially the Municipality of Maimbung ( Tausūg: Kawman sin Maimbung; ), is a municipality in the province of Sulu, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 59,597 people. It was the seat of the Sultanate of Sulu. History The town hosted the Daru Jambangan (Palace of Flowers) which was the royal palace of the Sultan of Sulu since historical times. The palace was made of wood, and was destroyed in 1932 by a huge storm. Today, a few arches and posts remain from the once grand palace complex. Many members of the royal family advocated for the reconstruction of the palace, and even its enlargement, however, the government of the Philippines has yet to establish a position or a fund for the matter. The town was officially cited by the late Sultan Jamalul Kiram III of the Sultanate of Sulu as the capital of the sultanate, and the place where he wished he was buried after death. The late sultan died in 2013 and was buried in the town afterwards. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Labuan
Labuan (), officially the Federal Territory of Labuan (), is an island federal territory of Malaysia. It includes and six smaller islands off the coast of the state of Sabah in East Malaysia. Labuan's capital is Victoria, which is best known as an offshore financial centre offering international financial and business services via Labuan IBFC since 1990, as well as being an offshore support hub for deepwater oil and gas activities in the region. It is also a tourist destination for people travelling through Sabah, nearby Bruneians, and scuba divers. The name Labuan derives from the Malay word ''labuhan'', which means "harbour". History For three centuries from the 15th century, the north and west coast of Borneo including the island of Labuan was part of the Sultanate of Brunei. In 1775, Labuan was temporarily occupied by the British East India Company after the failure of the company's station at Balambangan Island. The Sultan of Brunei, Omar Ali Saifuddin I tried ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
