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International
International is an adjective (also used as a noun) meaning "between nations". International may also refer to: Music Albums * ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * ''International'' (New Order album), 2002 * ''International'' (The Three Degrees album), 1975 *''International'', 2018 album by L'Algérino Songs * The Internationale, the left-wing anthem * "International" (Chase & Status song), 2014 * "International", by Adventures in Stereo from ''Monomania'', 2000 * "International", by Brass Construction from ''Renegades'', 1984 * "International", by Thomas Leer from ''The Scale of Ten'', 1985 * "International", by Kevin Michael from ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * "International", by McGuinness Flint from ''McGuinness Flint'', 1970 * "International", by Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark from '' Dazzle Ships'', 1983 * "International (Serious)", by Estelle from '' All of Me'', 2012 Politics * Internationalism (politics) * Political international, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fourth International
The Fourth International (FI) was a political international established in France in 1938 by Leon Trotsky and his supporters, having been expelled from the Soviet Union and the Communist International (also known as Comintern or the Third International). There is no longer a single, centralized cohesive Fourth International. Throughout most of its existence and history, the Fourth International was hunted by agents of the NKVD, subjected to political repression by countries such as France and the United States, and by supporters of the Soviet Union. The Fourth International struggled to maintain contact under these conditions of crackdowns and repression during World War II due to the fact that subsequent Proletarian revolution, proletarian uprisings were often under the influence of Soviet-aligned pro-Stalin parties and militant Nationalism, nationalist groups, leading to defeats for the Fourth International and the Trotskyists, who subsequently never managed to obtain meaning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Internationale
"The Internationale" is an international anthem that has been adopted as the anthem of various anarchist, communist, socialist, democratic socialist, and social democratic movements. It has been a standard of the socialist movement since the late nineteenth century, when the Second International adopted it as its official anthem. The title arises from the " First International", an alliance of workers founded by Karl Marx and others, which held a congress in 1864. The author of the anthem's lyrics, Eugène Pottier, a member of the French branch of the organization, attended this congress. Pottier's text was later set to an original melody composed by Pierre De Geyter, a member of the Parti Ouvrier Français (French Workers Party) in Lille in industrial northern France. Lyrics The song in its original French version was written in June 1871 by Eugène Pottier, a member of the First International and Paris Commune, after the Commune had been crushed by the French ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialist International
The Socialist International (SI) is a political international or worldwide organisation of political parties which seek to establish democratic socialism, consisting mostly of Social democracy, social democratic political parties and Labour movement, labour organisations. Although formed in 1951 as a successor to the Labour and Socialist International, it has antecedents in the late 19th century. The organisation currently includes 132 member parties and organisations from over 100 countries. Its members have governed in many countries, including most of Europe. In 2013, a schism in the SI led to the establishment of the Progressive Alliance. The current secretary general of the SI is Benedicta Lasi of Ghana, the current president is the Prime Minister of Spain, prime minister of Spain, Pedro Sánchez, and the current vice-president is Temirlan Sultanbekov of Kyrgyzstan, all of whom were elected at the last SI Congress held in Madrid, Spain, in November 2022. History First and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second International
The Second International, also called the Socialist International, was a political international of Labour movement, socialist and labour parties and Trade union, trade unions which existed from 1889 to 1916. It included representatives from most of Europe's major working-class organizations, though was dominated by the Social Democratic Party of Germany. The international continued the work of the International Workingmen's Association, First International, which had dissolved in 1876. It was ideologically dominated by Marxism, although other viewpoints were represented, notably anarchism before the anarchists were expelled in 1896. Leading theorists within the Second International included Friedrich Engels, Karl Kautsky, and Georgi Plekhanov, as well as Vladimir Lenin and Rosa Luxemburg. The Second International was primarily concerned with developing and coordinating strategy and tactics, and with establishing common policies for its member parties. Congress meetings were hel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist International
The Communist International, abbreviated as Comintern and also known as the Third International, was a political international which existed from 1919 to 1943 and advocated world communism. Emerging from the collapse of the Second International during World War I, the Comintern was founded in March 1919 at a congress in Moscow convened by Vladimir Lenin and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) (RCP), which aimed to create a new international body committed to revolutionary socialism and the overthrow of capitalism worldwide. Initially, the Comintern operated with the expectation of imminent proletarian revolutions in Europe, particularly Germany, which were seen as crucial for the survival and success of the Russian Revolution. Its early years were characterized by attempts to foment and coordinate revolutionary uprisings and the establishment of disciplined communist parties across the globe, often demanding strict adherence to the "Twe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internationalism (politics)
Internationalism is a political principle that advocates greater political or economic cooperation among State (polity), states and nations. It is associated with other political movements and Ideology, ideologies, but can also reflect a doctrine, belief system, or movement in itself.Warren F. Kuehl, doi:10.1111/j.1468-0130.1986.tb00536.x, Concepts of Internationalism in History, July 1986. Supporters of internationalism are known as internationalists and generally believe that humans should unite across national, political, cultural, racial, or class boundaries to advance their common interests, or that governments should cooperate because their mutual long-term interests are of greater importance than their short-term disputes. Internationalism has several interpretations and meanings, but is usually characterized by opposition to ultranationalism and isolationism; support for international institutions such as the United Nations; and a Cosmopolitanism, cosmopolitan outlook th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Workingmen's Association
The International Workingmen's Association (IWA; 1864–1876), often called the First International, was a political international which aimed at uniting a variety of different left-wing socialist, social democratic, communist, and anarchist groups and trade unions that were based on the working class and class struggle. It was founded in 1864 in a workmen's meeting held in St. Martin's Hall, London. Its first congress was held in 1866 in Geneva. In Europe, a period of harsh reaction followed the widespread Revolutions of 1848. The next major phase of revolutionary activity began almost twenty years later with the founding of the IWA in 1864. At its peak, the IWA reported having 8 million members while police reported 5 million. In 1872, it split in two over conflicts between statist and anarchist factions and dissolved in 1876. The Second International was founded in 1889. St. Martin's Hall Meeting, London, 1864 On 28 September an international crowd of workers gathered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political International
A political international is a transnational organization of political parties having similar ideology or political orientation (e.g. liberalism, socialism, Islamism). The international works together on points of agreement to co-ordinate activity. Political internationals have increased in popularity and influence since their beginnings in the political left of 19th-century Europe, as political activists have paid more attention to developments for or against their ideological favor in other countries and continents. After World War II, other ideological movements formed their political internationals to communicate among aligned parliamentarians and legislative candidates as well as to communicate with intergovernmental and supranational organizations such as the United Nations and later the European Union. Internationals also form supranational and regional branches (e.g. a European branch or an African branch) and maintain fraternal or governing relationships with sector-spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fifth International
The phrase Fifth International refers to the efforts made by groups of socialists and communists to create a new workers' international. Previous internationals There have been several previous international workers' organisations, and the call for a Fifth International presupposes the recognition of four in particular, each of which regarded itself as the successor to the previous ones: #The " First International", known as the "International Workingmen's Association", was founded in London in 1864 and dissolved in 1876. #The " Second International", known as the "Socialist International", was founded in 1889 after the expulsion of anarchists from the First International and existed until its dissolution in 1916. The Second International was a direct ancestor of the modern Socialist International, an international organization of mainstream social democratic political parties. #The " Third International", known as the "Communist International" and "Comintern", was founde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Working People's Association
The International Working People's Association (IWPA), sometimes known as the "Black International," and originally named the "International Revolutionary Socialists", was an international anarchist political organization established in 1881 at a convention held in London, England. In the United States, the group was created by an 1881 congress in Chicago, Illinois held by the New York Social Revolutionary Club. The US IWPA is best remembered as the political organization uniting Albert Parsons, August Spies, and other anarchist leaders prosecuted in the wake of the 1886 Haymarket affair, Haymarket bombing. Organizational history International context In 1872, the International Workingmen's Association (now known as the "First International") had split, after the anarchist leader Mikhail Bakunin had been expelled by the General Council (whom Karl Marx directed). During the years 1872-1877 the Anarchist St. Imier International, St. Imier International claimed to be the heir o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberal International
Liberal International (LI) is a worldwide organization of liberalism, liberal political parties. The political international was founded in Oxford in 1947 and has become the pre-eminent network for liberal and progressive democratic parties aiming to strengthen liberalism and democratic values around the world. Its headquarters are within the National Liberal Club. The Oxford Manifesto describes the basic political principles of the Liberal International, which is currently made up of 111 parties and organizations. Aims The Liberal International Constitution (2005) gives its purposes as: The principles that unite member parties from Africa, America, Asia and Europe are respect for human rights, free and fair elections and Multi-party system, multi-party democracy, social justice, Toleration, tolerance, market economy, free trade, environmental sustainability and a strong sense of international solidarity. The aims of Liberal International are also set out in a series of seve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pirate Parties International
Pirate Parties International (PPI) is an Political international, international Nonprofit organization, non-profit and non-governmental organization with headquarters in Brussels, Belgium. Formed in 2010, it serves as a worldwide organization for Pirate Party, Pirate Parties, currently representing 39 members from 36 countries across Europe, the Americas, Asia, Africa and Australasia. The Pirate Parties are political incarnations of the freedom of expression movement, trying to achieve their goals by the means of the established political system rather than just through activism. In 2017, PPI had been granted special consultative status to the United Nations Economic and Social Council. Aims The PPI statutes give its purposes as:''to help establish, to support and promote, and to maintain communication and co-operation between pirate parties around the world.''The PPI advocate on the international level for the promotion of the goals. Its members share such as protection of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
