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Insurrection Of 31 May – 2 June 1793
The insurrection of 31 May – 2 June 1793 (, ) during the French Revolution started after the Paris commune demanded that 22 Girondin deputies and members of the Commission of Twelve be brought before the Revolutionary Tribunal. Jean-Paul Marat led the attack on the representatives in the National Convention, who in January had voted against the execution of King Louis XVI and since then had paralyzed the convention. It ended after thousands of armed citizens surrounded the convention to force it to deliver the deputies denounced by the Commune. The insurrection resulted in the fall of 29 Girondins and two ministers under pressure of the ''sans-culottes'', Jacobins, and Montagnards. Because of its impact and importance, the insurrection stands as one of the three great popular insurrections of the French Revolution, following the storming of the Bastille and the insurrection of 10 August 1792. The principal conspirators were the Enragés: Claude-Emmanuel Dobsen and Jean-F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Hanriot
François Hanriot (; 2 December 1759 – 28 July 1794) was a French Sans-culotte leader, street orator, and commander of the National Guard during the French Revolution. He played a vital role in the Insurrection of 31 May – 2 June 1793 and subsequently the fall of the Girondins. On 27 July 1794 he tried to release Maximilien Robespierre, who was arrested by the Convention. He was executed on the next daytogether with Robespierre, Saint-Just and Couthonby the rules of the law of 22 Prairial, only verifying his identity at the trial. Life Early years François Hanriot was born in Nanterre, now a western suburb of Paris. His parents were servants (gardeners) to a former Treasurer of France, and came from Sormery in the Bourgogne. Between 1779 and 1783 he supposedly was a soldier in America serving under Lafayette, but there are no documents to prove that.Moreau, J. (2010) "François Hanriot, general-citizen", pp. 32–34. Nanterre: Société d'Histoire de Nanterre. Not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques Hébert
Jacques René Hébert (; 15 November 1757 – 24 March 1794) was a French journalist and leader of the French Revolution. As the founder and editor of the radical newspaper ''Le Père Duchesne'', he had thousands of followers known as ''the Hébertists'' (French ''Hébertistes''). A proponent of the Reign of Terror, he was eventually guillotined. Early life Jacques René Hébert was born on 15 November 1757 in Alençon into a Protestant Huguenot family, to goldsmith, former trial judge, and deputy consul Jacques Hébert (died 1766) and Marguerite Beunaiche de Houdrie (1727–1787). Hébert studied law at the College of Alençon and went into practice as a clerk for a solicitor in Alençon, in which position he was ruined by a lawsuit against a Dr. Clouet. Hébert fled first to Rouen and then to Paris in 1780 to evade a substantial one thousand livre fine imposed for charges of slander. For a while, he passed through a difficult financial time and was supported by a hairdr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Buzot
François Nicolas Léonard Buzot (; 1 March 176024 June 1794) was a French politician and leader of the French Revolution. Biography Early life Born at Évreux, Eure, Buzot studied Law, and, at the outbreak of the Revolution was a lawyer in his home town. In 1789, he was elected a deputy of the Third Estate to the Estates-General, and became known there for his radical opinions. He demanded the nationalization of the possessions of the Roman Catholic Church, and the right of all citizens to bear arms. After the dissolution of the National Constituent Assembly, Buzot returned to Évreux, where he was named president of the criminal tribunal. This cites as reference: * ''Mémoires de Pétion, Barbaroux, Buzot'', published by C. A. Daubon (Paris, 1866). Convention In 1792, Buzot was elected deputy to the National Convention, and joined the Girondists under the influence of his friend Madame Roland. Buzot entered a polemic with the main rival of the Girondists, Jean-P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maximin Isnard
Maximin Isnard (; 16 November 1755 Grasse, Alpes-Maritimes – 12 March 1825 Grasse), French revolutionary, was a dealer in perfumery at Draguignan when he was elected deputy for the ''département'' of the Var to the Legislative Assembly, where he joined the Girondists. As the president of the National Convention Isnard, who had enough of the tyranny of the Paris Commune, threatened the destruction of Paris. He declared that the Convention would not be influenced by any violence and that Paris had to respect the representatives from elsewhere in France. Isnard was asked to give up his seat. Before the French Revolution Born in 1755, he is the youngest son of Maximin Isnard (1731-1799) and Anne Thérèse Fanton, cousin of the Fantons of Andon. He is the grandson (on the paternal line) of Jacques Isnard, merchant curator, was lord of Deux-Frères and Esclapon, and of Claire Courmes, both from old families of the bourgeoisie of Grasse. His sister Françoise (1722-1805), wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claude Fauchet (revolutionist)
Claude François Fauchet (; 22 September 1744 – 31 October 1793) was a French radical Red Priest and a constitutional bishop. Biography He was born at Dornes, Nièvre. He was a curate of the church of St Roch, Paris, when he was engaged as tutor to the children of the marquis of Choiseul, brother of Louis XVs minister, an appointment which proved to be the first step to fortune. He was successively grand vicar to the archbishop of Bourges, preacher to the king, and abbot of Montfort-Lacarre. The philosophic tone of his sermons caused his dismissal from court in 1788 before he became a popular speaker in the Parisian sections. He was one of the leaders of the attack on the Bastille, and on 5 August 1789 he delivered an eloquent discourse by way of funeral sermon for the citizens slain on 14 July, taking as his text the words of St Paul, "Ye have been called to liberty". He blessed the tricolour flag for the National Guard, and in September was elected to the Com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marguerite-Élie Guadet
Marguerite-Élie Guadet (, 20 July 1758 – 19 June 1794) was a French political figure of the Revolutionary period. Rise to prominence Born in Saint-Émilion, Gironde, Aquitaine, he had already gained a reputation as a lawyer in Bordeaux by the time of the Revolution. In 1790 he was made administrator of the Gironde, and in 1791 president of the criminal tribunal, being elected to the Legislative Assembly as one of the group of deputies known subsequently as Girondists. As a supporter of the monarchist and liberal constitution of 1791 he joined the Jacobin Club, and here and in the Assembly became an eloquent advocate of all the measures directed against real or supposed traitors to the Constitution. He strongly opposed the ministers of King Louis XVI, and was largely instrumental in forcing the king to accept the Girondist ministry of 15 March 1792. He supported the policy of forcing Louis XVI into harmony with the Revolution, and moved (3 May) for the dismissal of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Jean Marie Barbaroux
Charles Jean Marie Barbaroux (; 6 March 1767 – 25 June 1794) was a Girondin politician of the Revolutionary period and Freemason. He was the leader of the Fédérés and popular in the South of France. Biography Early career Born in Marseille, Barbaroux was educated at first by the local Oratorians, then studied law in Aix-en-Provence, and became a successful lawyer. In 1789 he was appointed ''greffier'' to the commune of Marseille, and in 1792 was commissioned to go to the Legislative Assembly and demand the accusation of the directorate of the ''département'' of Bouches-du-Rhône, as accomplices in a Royalist movement in Arles. In Paris, he was received in the Jacobin club, and contacted Jacques Pierre Brissot and Jean Marie Roland de la Platiere and his wife Madame Roland. It was at his instigation that Marseille sent to Paris the battalion of volunteers that arrived in the city singing the '' Marseillaise''. A significant maneuver took place during the night of 4 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armand Gensonné
Armand Gensonné (, 10 August 175831 October 1793) was a French politician. The son of a military surgeon, he was born in Bordeaux, Gascony, and studied Law before the outbreak of the French Revolution, becoming lawyer of the ''parlement'' of Bordeaux. In 1790 he became ''procureur'' of the Bordeaux Commune, and in July 1791 was elected by the newly created '' département'' of the Gironde a member of the court of appeal. In the same year he was elected deputy for the ''département'' to the Legislative Assembly. As ''rapporteur'' of the diplomatic committee, in which he supported the policy of Jacques Pierre Brissot, he proposed two of the most revolutionary measures passed by the Assembly: the decree of accusation against the King Louis XVI's brothers (the Comte de Provence and the Comte d'Artois) on 1 January 1792, and the declaration of war against the Habsburg ruler Francis II (20 April 1792). He denounced of the intrigues of the court and of the '' Comité autrichien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud
Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud (; 31 May 1753 – 31 October 1793) was a French lawyer and statesman, a figure of the French Revolution. A deputy to the Assembly from Bordeaux, Vergniaud was an eloquent orator. He was a supporter of Jacques Pierre Brissot and the Girondist faction. Early life and education Vergniaud was born in the city of Limoges in the province of Limousin, to the elder Pierre Vergniaud and his wife Catherine Baubiat. The Vergniauds had both come from well-to-do merchant families with a long history in the province, and the family enjoyed a comfortable prosperity. At the time of Vergniaud's birth, his father was a contractor and purveyor for the king, supplying food for the royal garrison in the city. The younger Vergniaud was first tutored at home by a Jesuit scholar, Abbé Roby, a master of ancient languages: it is likely that Vergniaud's lifelong love of the classics was inspired by him. The boy was sent to the Jesuit college at Limoges where he excelled. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques Pierre Brissot
Jacques Pierre Brissot (, 15 January 1754 – 31 October 1793), also known as Brissot de Warville, was a French journalist, abolitionist, and revolutionary leading the political faction, faction of Girondins (initially called Brissotins) at the National Convention in Paris. The Girondins favored exporting the revolution and opposed a concentration of power in Paris. He collaborated on the Mercure de France and the ''Courier de l'Europe'', which sympathized with the insurgents in the American colonies. In February 1788, Brissot founded the anti-slavery Society of the Friends of the Blacks. With the outbreak of the French Revolution, revolution in July 1789, he became one of its most vocal supporters. As a member of the Legislative Assembly (France), Legislative Assembly, Brissot advocated for war against Austria and other European powers in order to secure France's revolutionary gains, which led to the War of the First Coalition in 1792. He voted against the immediate execution of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bertrand Barère
Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac (, 10 September 175513 January 1841) was a French politician, freemason, journalist, and one of the most prominent members of the National Convention, representing the Plain (a moderate political faction) during the French Revolution. The Plain was dominated by the radical Montagnards and Barère as one of their leaders supported the foundation of the Committee of Public Safety in April and of a sans-culottes army in September 1793. According to Francois Buzot, Barère was responsible for the Reign of Terror, like Robespierre and Louis de Saint-Just. In spring 1794 and after the Festival of the Supreme Being, he became an opponent of Maximilien Robespierre and joined the coup, leading to his downfall. Early life Betrand Barère was born in Tarbes, a commune, part of the Gascony region. The name ''Barère de Vieuzac'', by which he continued to call himself long after the abolition of feudalism in France, originated from a small fief belonging to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
