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Institute Of Artistic Culture
The Institute of Artistic Culture ( abbreviated to ИНХУК/INKhUK) was a theoretical and research based Russian artistic organisation founded in March Moscow in 1920 and continuing until 1924. Origins It was established under the authority of the Narkompros and funded through the Department of Fine Arts (IZO). In May 1920 Anatoly Lunacharsky appointed Wassily Kandinsky as its first director. David Shterenberg, who was at that time the director of IZO, stated "We organised the INKhUK as a cell for the determination of scientific hypotheses on matters of art". In its first year it attracted about 30 visual artists, Architects, musicians and art critics. Many of them were also taught at Vkhutemas and published in LEF. One of the consequences of state funding was the maintenance of stenographic records, originally kept by Varvara Stepanova and after 1921 by Nikolai Tarabukin. These were published in 1979 by Selim Khan-Magomedov. Kandinsky's Inaugural Programme Kandinsky's pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow
Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents within the city limits, over 19.1 million residents in the urban area, and over 21.5 million residents in Moscow metropolitan area, its metropolitan area. The city covers an area of , while the urban area covers , and the metropolitan area covers over . Moscow is among the world's List of largest cities, largest cities, being the List of European cities by population within city limits, most populous city entirely in Europe, the largest List of urban areas in Europe, urban and List of metropolitan areas in Europe, metropolitan area in Europe, and the largest city by land area on the European continent. First documented in 1147, Moscow became the capital of the Grand Principality of Moscow, which led the unification of the Russian lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selim Khan-Magomedov
Salim, Saleem or Selim may refer to: People *Salim (name), or Saleem or Salem or Selim, a name of Arabic origin ** Salim (poet) (1800–1866), Kurdish poet **Saleem (playwright), Palestinian-American gay Muslim playwright, actor, DJ, and dancer **Selim I (1470-1520), the Ottoman sultan reigned 1512–1520 **Selim II (1524-1574), the Ottoman sultan reigned 1566–1574 **Selim III (1761-1808), the Ottoman sultan reigned 1789–1807 **Salim, birth name of Mughal Emperor Jahangir (1569-1627) * Selim people, an ethnic group of Sudan Fictional characters * Saleem, in ''Corner Shop Show'' * Selim Bradley, in ''Fullmetal Alchemist'' * Pasha Selim, in Mozart's opera ''Die Entführung aus dem Serail'' * Saleem Sinai, in ''Midnight's Children'' * Salim Othman, in '' House of Ashes'' Places * Salim, Iran (other) * Salem, Ma'ale Iron, or Salim, Israel * Selim, Yenipazar, Turkey * Selim, Kars, Turkey ** Selim District, Turkey ** Selim railway station * Salim, Nablus, West Bank O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Varvara Bubnova
Varvara Bubnova (17 May 1886 – 28 March 1983) was a painter, graphic artist (master of lithography) and pedagogue. Biography She was born in St. Petersburg into the family of Dmitry Kapitonovich Bubnov (?–1914), a bank clerk of lower rank. Her mother Anna Nikolaevna (maiden name Wolfe) (1854–1940) descended from an old noble Russian family and was distantly related to Alexander Pushkin. From 1903 to 1905, Bubnova studied in the studio of Art Promotion Society. From 1907 until 1914 she studied in the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. She attended school with the soon-to-be famous Pavel Filonov and her future husband Voldemārs Matvejs, who was the first Russian researcher of African Art. In 1919, she published the book Искусство негров (Iskusstvo negrov) under the pseudonym of her partner Matvejs, a study on African art in Europe. For this purpose, the couple traveled through Europe from 1912 to 1913, visiting ethnological museums in Paris, Berlin, Hamburg, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liubov Popova
Lyubov Sergeyevna Popova (; April 24, 1889 – May 25, 1924) was a Russian-Soviet avant-garde artist, painter and designer. Early life Popova was born in Ivanovskoe, near Moscow, to the wealthy family of Sergei Maximovich Popov, a very successful textile merchant and vigorous patron of the arts, and Lyubov Vasilievna Zubova, who came from a highly cultured family. Lyubov Sergeyevna had two brothers and a sister: Sergei was the eldest, then Lyubov, Pavel and Olga. Pavel became a philosopher and the guardian of his sister's artistic legacy.Dabrowski, M., ''Liubov Popova'', Museum of Modern Art, New York, 1991, p.122. Popova grew up with a strong interest in art, especially Italian Renaissance painting. At eleven years old she began formal art lessons at home. She was first enrolled in Yaltinskaia's Women's Gymnasium, then in Arseneva's Gymnasium in Moscow. By the age of 18 she was studying with Stanislav Zhukovsky, and in 1908 entered the private studios of Konstantin Yuon and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolay Punin
Nikolay Nikolayevich Punin (; – August 21, 1953) was a Russian art scholar and writer. He edited several magazines, such as ''Izobrazitelnoye Iskusstvo'' among others, and was also co-founder of the Department of Iconography in the State Russian Museum. Punin was a lifelong friend and common-law husband of poet Anna Akhmatova who is famous for writing the poem ''Requiem''. Biography A key figure in the Russian art world Nikolay Punin was born in Helsingfors (Helsinki), Grand Duchy of Finland, into the family of Nikolay Mikhaylovich Punin, a Medical Doctor of the Imperial Russian Army stationed in Helsingfors. Nikolay’s younger brother Leonid Punin was later to become a commander in the White armies. Young Punin moved to St. Petersburg and attended the classical gymnasium where he first met young student Anna Akhmatova. From 1907 to 1914, Punin attended the St. Petersburg University, studied history of art under professor Dmitry Aynalov, graduating in 1914, as an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lubok
A ''lubok'' (plural ''lubki''; ) is a Russian popular print, characterized by simple graphics and narratives derived from literature, religious stories, and popular tales. ''Lubki'' prints were used as decoration in houses and inns. Early examples from the late 17th and early 18th centuries were woodcuts, followed by engravings or etchings, and from mid-19th century lithography. They sometimes appeared in series, which might be regarded as predecessors of the modern comic strip. Cheap and simple books, similar to chapbooks, which mostly consisted of pictures, are called lubok literature (). Both pictures and literature are commonly referred to simply as ''lubki''. The Russian word ''lubok'' derives from ''lub'' - a special type of board (secondary phloem) on which pictures were printed. Background Russian ''lubki'' became a popular genre during the last half of the 17th century.Dianne Ecklund Farrell, Farrell, Dianne Ecklund. "Medieval Popular Humor in Russian Eighteenth-Century ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Faktura
The term of faktura () emerged in Russian art criticism before the First World War. David Burliuk used the term as a Russian equivalent of the French word "facture" which refers to the texture of the painted surface. Voldemārs Matvejs used the term in his 1914 text "Printsipy tvorchestva v plasticheskikh iskussvakh: Faktura (Principles of Creation in the Visual Arts: Faktura). It was later developed by Russian Constructivism. Alongside tectonics and construction, faktura constituted one of the three core principles defined by Aleksei Gan in his book '' Konstruktivizm''. In the period after the Russian Revolution, new definitions of art had to be found, such as the definition of art objects as "laboratory experiments". "Faktura" was the single most important quality of these art objects, according to the critic Victor Shklovsky, referring to the material aspect of the appearance. The surface of the object had to demonstrate how it had been made, exhibiting its own distinct prope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Rodchenko
Aleksander Mikhailovich Rodchenko (; – 3 December 1956) was a Russian and Soviet artist, sculptor, photographer, and graphic designer. He was one of the founders of constructivism and Russian design; he was married to the artist Varvara Stepanova. Rodchenko was one of the most versatile constructivist and productivist artists to emerge after the Russian Revolution. He worked as a painter and graphic designer before turning to photomontage and photography. His photography was socially engaged, formally innovative, and opposed to a painterly aesthetic. Concerned with the need for analytical-documentary photo series, he often shot his subjects from odd angles—usually high above or down below—to shock the viewer and to postpone recognition. He wrote: "One has to take several different shots of a subject, from different points of view and in different situations, as if one examined it in the round rather than looked through the same key-hole again and again." He is also known ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monumental Propaganda
"Monumental Propaganda" is a strategy proposed by Vladimir Lenin of employing visual monumental art (revolutionary slogans and monumental sculpture) as an important means for propagating revolutionary and communist ideas. The plan had the significance of creating a large demand for monumental sculpture on a state level, and thus it stands at the origins of the Soviet school of sculpture. The "plan" consisted of two main projects: (1) – decorating buildings and other surfaces "traditionally used for banners and posters" with revolutionary slogans and memorial relief plaques; (2) – vast erection of "temporary, plaster-cast" monuments in honor of great revolutionary leaders. Plan Realization of the plan was initiated with a decree issued by Sovnarkom (the Council of People's Commissars) "On Republic's monuments" (sanctioned 12 April 1918), which ordained removal of monuments "erected in honor of tzars and their servants" and the development of projects for monuments to the Russ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Svomas
Svomas or SVOMAS ( or СВОМАС), an abbreviation for ''Svobodnye gosudarstvennye khudozhestvennye masterskiye'' () (Free State Art Studios), was the name of a series of art schools founded in several Russian cities after the October Revolution. The Moscow Svomas was founded in 1918, replacing the Stroganov Moscow State Academy of Arts and Industry (which became the First Free Art Studio), and the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture (which became the Second Free Art Studio). In 1920, the school was replaced by Vkhutemas design school. The Petrograd Svomas was created in 1919 by renaming the Petrograd Free Art Educational Studios (Pegoskhuma), which had been formed a year earlier when the Academy of Arts An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of tertiary education. The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, founded approximately 386 BC at Akademia, a sanctuary of Athena, the go ... was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vassily Kandinsky, 1919 - In Grey
Vasili, Vasily, Vasilii or Vasiliy (Russian: Василий) is a Russian masculine given name of Greek origin and corresponds to ''Basil''. It may refer to: *Vasily I of Moscow Grand Prince from 1389–1425 *Vasily II of Moscow Grand Prince from 1425–1462 *Vasili III of Russia Grand Prince from 1505–1533 *Vasili IV of Russia Tsar from 1606–1610 *Basil Fool for Christ (1469–1557), also known as Saint Basil, or Vasily Blazhenny *Vasily Alekseyev (1942–2011), Soviet weightlifter *Vasily Arkhipov (1926–1998), Soviet Naval officer in the Cuban Missile Crisis *Vasily Boldyrev (1875–1933), Russian general *Vasily Chapayev (1887–1969), Russian Army commander *Vasily Chuikov (1900–1982), Soviet marshal *Vasily Degtyaryov (1880–1949), Russian weapons designer and Major General *Vasily Dzhugashvili (1921–1962), Stalin's son *Vasili Golovachov (born 1948), Russian science fiction author *Vasily Grossman (1905–1964), Soviet writer and journalist * Vasily Ignatenko (196 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolai Tarabukin
Nikolai Mikhailovich Tarabukin (; 25 August 1889 – 21 February 1956) was an art theoretician active in the Soviet Union. He was one of major theorists of Proletkult. Tarabukin's first book was ''Опыт теории живописи'' (A study in painting theory) which although started in 1916 was not published until 1923. He was influenced by influence of Heinrich Wölfflin. Although he disavowed Constructivism Constructivism may refer to: Art and architecture * Constructivism (art), an early 20th-century artistic movement that extols art as a practice for social purposes * Constructivist architecture, an architectural movement in the Soviet Union in t ..., he nevertheless helped explain their ideas through such essays as ''От мольберта к машине'' (From Easel to Machine) published in 1922. :“The way out of the crisis was found not through the "death" of art, but through the further evolution of its forms, prompted by both the logical process of their d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
