|
Insert (effects Processing)
In audio processing and sound reinforcement, an insert is an access point built into the mixing console, allowing the audio engineer to add external line-level devices into the signal flow between the microphone preamplifier and the mix bus. Common usages include gating, compressing, equalizing and for reverb effects that are specific to that channel or group. Inserts can be used as an alternate way to route signals such as for multitrack recording output or line-level direct input. Insert jacks Inserts can be balanced or unbalanced. Typically, higher-end mixers will have balanced inserts and entry-level mixers will have unbalanced inserts. Balanced inserts appear as a ''pair'' of jacks, one serving as the send (out from the mixer) and the other serving as the return (back to the mixer). Balanced insert jacks can be XLR, 1/4" TRS phone connector or Bantam (TT). Unbalanced inserts can also be a pair of jacks such as RCA or 1/4" TS (Tip Sleeve) phone connector. Again, on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Audio Signal Processing
Audio signal processing is a subfield of signal processing that is concerned with the electronic manipulation of audio signals. Audio signals are electronic representations of sound waves—longitudinal waves which travel through air, consisting of compressions and rarefactions. The energy contained in audio signals or sound power level is typically measured in decibels. As audio signals may be represented in either Digital signal (signal processing), digital or analog signal, analog format, processing may occur in either domain. Analog processors operate directly on the electrical signal, while digital processors operate mathematically on its digital representation. History The motivation for audio signal processing began at the beginning of the 20th century with inventions like the telephone, phonograph, and radio that allowed for the transmission and storage of audio signals. Audio processing was necessary for early radio broadcasting, as there were many problems with stud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
XLR Connector
The XLR connector (also Cannon plug and Cannon connector) is a type of electrical connector primarily used in professional audio, video, and stage lighting equipment. XLR connectors are cylindrical, with three to seven connector pins, and are often employed for analog balanced audio interconnections, AES3 digital audio, portable intercom, DMX512 lighting control, and for low-voltage power supply. XLR connectors are part of the international standard for dimensions, International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC 61076-2-103. The XLR connector resembles the DIN connector, but is larger, more robust and physically incompatible. The generic term "XLR" began as a trademark of Cannon (company), Cannon Electric, with the letters standing for X model connector with an added "L"atch feature, and "R"esilient neoprene rubber surrounding the female contacts. History and manufacturers The XLR connector was invented by James H. Cannon#James H. Cannon, James H. Cannon, founder of the Cannon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patch Bay
A patch panel is a device or unit featuring a number of jacks, usually of the same or similar type, for the use of connecting and routing circuits for monitoring, interconnecting, and testing circuits in a convenient, flexible manner. Patch panels are commonly used in computer networking, recording studios, and radio and television. The term ''patch'' came from early use in telephony and radio studios, where extra equipment kept on standby could be temporarily substituted for failed devices. This reconnection was done via patch cords and patch panels, like the jack fields of cord-type telephone switchboards. Terminology Patch panels are also referred to as patch bays, patch fields, jack panels or jack fields. Uses and connectors In recording studios, television and radio broadcast studios, and concert sound reinforcement systems, patchbays are widely used to facilitate the connection of different devices, such as microphones, electric or electronic instruments, effects (e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DBFS
Decibels relative to full scale (dBFS or dB FS) is a unit of measurement for amplitude levels in digital systems, such as pulse-code modulation (PCM), which have a defined maximum peak level. The unit is similar to the units dBov and decibels relative to overload (dBO). The level of 0dBFS is assigned to the maximum possible digital level. For example, a signal that reaches 50% of the maximum level has a level of −6dBFS, which is 6dB below full scale. Conventions differ for root mean square (RMS) measurements, but all peak measurements smaller than the maximum are negative levels. A digital signal that does not contain any samples at 0dBFS can still Clipping (audio), clip when converted to analog form due to the signal reconstruction process interpolating between samples. This can be prevented by careful digital-to-analog converter circuit design. Measurements of the true inter-sample peak levels are notated as dBTP or dB TP ("decibels true peak"). RMS levels Since a peak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Decibel
The decibel (symbol: dB) is a relative unit of measurement equal to one tenth of a bel (B). It expresses the ratio of two values of a Power, root-power, and field quantities, power or root-power quantity on a logarithmic scale. Two signals whose level (logarithmic quantity), levels differ by one decibel have a power ratio of 101/10 (approximately ) or root-power ratio of 101/20 (approximately ). The strict original usage above only expresses a relative change. However, the word decibel has since also been used for expressing an Absolute scale, absolute value that is relative to some fixed reference value, in which case the dB symbol is often suffixed with letter codes that indicate the reference value. For example, for the reference value of 1 volt, a common suffix is "#Voltage, V" (e.g., "20 dBV"). As it originated from a need to express power ratios, two principal types of scaling of the decibel are used to provide consistency depending on whether the scaling refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pre-fade Listen
In audio engineering, a fade is a gradual increase or decrease in the level of an audio signal. The term can also be used for film cinematography or theatre lighting in much the same way (see fade (filmmaking) and fade (lighting)). In sound recording and reproduction a song may be gradually reduced to silence at its end (fade-out), or may gradually increase from silence at the beginning (fade-in). Fading-out can serve as a recording solution for pieces of music that contain no obvious ending. Quick fade-ins and -outs can also be used to change the characteristics of a sound, such as to soften the attack in vocal plosives and percussion sounds. Professional turntablists and DJs in hip hop music use faders on a DJ mixer, notably the horizontal crossfader, in a rapid fashion while simultaneously manipulating two or more record players (or other sound sources) to create ''scratching'' and develop beats. Club DJs in house music and techno use DJ mixers, two or more sound sou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Digital Console
In professional audio, a digital mixing console (DMC) is a type of mixing console used to combine, route, and change the dynamics, equalization and other properties of multiple audio input signals, using digital signal processing rather than analog circuitry. The digital samples, digital audio samples, which is the internal representation of the analog inputs, are summation, summed to what is known as a master/slave (technology), master channel to produce a combined output. A professional digital mixing console is a dedicated desk or control surface produced exclusively for the task and is typically more robust in terms of user control, processing power and quality of audio effects. However, a computer can also perform the same function since it can mimic its interface, input and output. Uses Digital mixing consoles are typically used in recording studios, public address systems, sound reinforcement systems, broadcasting, television, and film post-production. Common sound syste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High-pass Filter
A high-pass filter (HPF) is an electronic filter that passes signals with a frequency higher than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuates signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency. The amount of attenuation for each frequency depends on the filter design. A high-pass filter is usually modeled as a linear time-invariant system. It is sometimes called a low-cut filter or bass-cut filter in the context of audio engineering. High-pass filters have many uses, such as blocking DC from circuitry sensitive to non-zero average voltages or radio frequency devices. They can also be used in conjunction with a low-pass filter to produce a band-pass filter. In the optical domain filters are often characterised by wavelength rather than frequency. High-pass and low-pass have the opposite meanings, with a "high-pass" filter (more commonly "short-pass") passing only ''shorter'' wavelengths (higher frequencies), and vice versa for "low-pass" (more commonly "long-pass"). De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RCA Jack
The RCA connector is a type of electrical connector commonly used to carry analog audio and video signals. The name refers to the popular name of Radio Corporation of America, which introduced the design in the 1930s. Typically, the output is a plug type connector and the input a jack type connector. These are referred to as RCA plug and RCA jack respectively. It is also called a phono connector, referring to its early use to connect a phonograph turntable to a radio receiver. As home audio systems became more complex, RCA cables became a standard way to connect components such as radio receivers, amplifiers, turntables, tape decks, and CD players. Their ubiquity led to them also being used for video: connecting analog televisions, videocassette recorders, DVD players, and game consoles. They remain in use as a simple, widely supported means of connection. In some European countries such as France and Germany, the name ''cinch'' is still used as an antonomasia of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phone Connector (audio)
A phone connector is a family of Cylinder, cylindrically-shaped electrical connectors primarily for Analog signal, analog audio signals. Invented in the late 19th century for Telephone switchboard, tele''phone'' switchboards, the phone connector remains in use for interfacing wired audio equipment, such as Headphone, head''phones'', Loudspeaker, speakers, Microphone, micro''phones'', mixing consoles, and electronic musical instruments (e.g. electric guitars, Electronic keyboard, keyboards, and effects units). A Gender of connectors and fasteners, ''male'' connector (a plug), is mated into a ''female'' connector (a socket), though #Other terms, other terminology is used. Plugs have 2 to 5 electrical contacts. The tip contact is indented with a groove. The sleeve contact is nearest the (conductive or Insulator (electricity), insulated) handle. Contacts are insulated from each other by a band of non-conductive material. Between the tip and sleeve are 0 to 3 ring contacts. Since ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unbalanced Line
In telecommunications and electrical engineering in general, an unbalanced line is a pair of conductors intended to carry electrical signals, which have unequal impedances along their lengths and to ground and other circuits. Examples of unbalanced lines are coaxial cable or the historic earth return system invented for the telegraph, but rarely used today. Unbalanced lines are to be contrasted with balanced lines, such as twin-lead or twisted pair which use two identical conductors to maintain impedance balance throughout the line. Balanced and unbalanced lines can be interfaced using a device called a balun. The chief advantage of the unbalanced line format is cost efficiency. Multiple unbalanced lines can be provided in the same cable with one conductor per line plus a single common return conductor, typically the cable shielding. Likewise, multiple microstrip circuits can all use the same ground plane for the return path. This compares well with balanced cabling which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sound Reinforcement
A sound reinforcement system is the combination of microphones, signal processors, amplifiers, and loudspeakers in enclosures all controlled by a mixing console that makes live or pre-recorded sounds louder and may also distribute those sounds to a larger or more distant audience. In many situations, a sound reinforcement system is also used to enhance or alter the sound of the sources on the stage, typically by using electronic effects, such as reverb, as opposed to simply amplifying the sources unaltered. A sound reinforcement system for a rock concert in a stadium may be very complex, including hundreds of microphones, complex live sound mixing and signal processing systems, tens of thousands of watts of amplifier power, and multiple loudspeaker arrays, all overseen by a team of audio engineers and technicians. On the other hand, a sound reinforcement system can be as simple as a small public address (PA) system, consisting of, for example, a single microphone connect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
