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Iceland In World War II
At the beginning of World War II, Kingdom of Iceland, Iceland was a Sovereignty, sovereign Monarchy, kingdom in personal union with Denmark, with King Christian X as head of state. Iceland officially remained neutral throughout World War II. However, the British Invasion of Iceland, invaded Iceland on 10 May 1940. On 7 July 1941, the defence of Iceland was transferred from Britain to the United States, which was still a neutral country until five months later. On 17 June 1944, 1944 Icelandic constitutional referendum, Iceland dissolved its union with Denmark and the Danish monarchy and declared itself a republic, which it remains to this day. Background The British government was alarmed by Germany's growing interest in Iceland over the course of the 1930s. When war began, Denmark and Iceland declared neutrality and limited visits to the island by military vessels and aircraft of the belligerents. Neutrality During the Nazi Germany, German occupation of Denmark, contact betwee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of the Kingdom of Norway. Bouvet Island, located in the Subantarctic, is a Dependencies of Norway, dependency, and not a part of the Kingdom; Norway also Territorial claims in Antarctica, claims the Antarctic territories of Peter I Island and Queen Maud Land. Norway has a population of 5.6 million. Its capital and largest city is Oslo. The country has a total area of . The country shares a long eastern border with Sweden, and is bordered by Finland and Russia to the northeast. Norway has an extensive coastline facing the Skagerrak strait, the North Atlantic Ocean, and the Barents Sea. The unified kingdom of Norway was established in 872 as a merger of Petty kingdoms of Norway, petty kingdoms and has existed continuously for years. From 1537 to 1814, Norway ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal
Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal is a Primary Reserve infantry regiment of the Canadian Army. Lineage File:FMR Colours.jpg, The regimental colour of Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal. File:FMR Camp Flag.jpg, The camp flag of Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal. File:Fusiliers Mont-Royal2.JPG, Fusiliers Mont-Royal entrance Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal originated in Montreal, Quebec on 18 June 1869 as ''The Mount Royal Rifles''. It was redesignated as the ''65th Battalion, Mount Royal Rifles'' on 5 November 1869, as the ''65th Regiment "Mount Royal Rifles"'' on 8 May 1900 as the ''65th Regiment "Carabiniers Mont-Royal"'' on 1 August 1902, as ''Les Carabiniers Mont-Royal'' on 29 March 1920, as ''Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal'' on 15 April 1931, as the ''2nd (Reserve) Battalion, Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal'' on 7 November 1940 and finally as ''Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal'' on 15 November 1945. Upon redesignation as Les Carabiniers Mont-Royal on 29 March 1920 it was organized as a two-battalion regiment with the 1st Battalion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Cameron Highlanders Of Ottawa (Duke Of Edinburgh's Own)
The Cameron Highlanders of Ottawa (Duke of Edinburgh's Own) is a Canadian Army Primary Reserve infantry regiment. Regimental badge The regimental badge is laid out as follows: within a wreath of thistles and maple leaves, the figure of St Andrew with cross is shown standing on a mount charged with a plaque inscribed ADVANCE. On the lower bend of the wreath there are two rolls, the upper inscribed THE CAMERON HIGHLANDERS the lower OF OTTAWA (M.G.). Lineage The Cameron Highlanders of Ottawa * Originated on 5 August 1881, in Ottawa, Ontario, as the 43rd Battalion of Infantry * Redesignated on 19 August 1881, as the 43rd Ottawa and Carleton Battalion of Rifles * Redesignated on 8 May 1900, as the 43rd Regiment Ottawa and Carleton Rifles * Redesignated on 1 March 1902 as the 43rd Regiment, Duke of Cornwall's Own Rifles * Redesignated on 12 March 1920, as The Ottawa Regiment (The Duke of Cornwall's Own) * Redesignated on 15 September 1922, as The Ottawa Highlanders * Redesigna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Royal Regiment Of Canada
The Royal Regiment of Canada is a Primary Reserve infantry regiment of the Canadian Army. The regiment is based in Toronto, Ontario, and forms part of the 4th Canadian Division's 32 Canadian Brigade Group. The ceremonial dress uniform of the Royal Regiment of Canada is the scarlet tunic and bearskin, similar to that of the British Army's Grenadier Guards. The plume is red over white, similar to the former Canadian Guards regiment. Lineage File:RRC Colour.jpg, The regimental colour of the Royal Regiment of Canada. File:Royal Regiment of Canada Camp Flag.png, The camp flag of the Royal Regiment of Canada. Royal Grenadiers * Originated 21 December 1861 in Toronto, Ontario as The Toronto Engineers and Mechanics Rifle Corps * First official designation 14 March 1862 as the 10th Battalion Volunteer Militia Rifles, Canada * Redesignated 21 November 1862 as the 10th Battalion Volunteer Militia (Infantry), Canada * Redesignated 10 April 1863 as the Tenth or "Royal Regiment of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Sturges
Lieutenant-General Sir Robert Grice Sturges (14 July 1891 – 12 September 1970) was a senior Royal Marines officer who fought in both the First World War and Second World War. Military career Sturges joined the Royal Navy in 1908. Commissioned a sub-lieutenant on 15 May 1912, he transferred to the Royal Marines as a lieutenant from the same date (confirmed on 19 December 1914). He served in the First World War, seeing action in the Gallipoli campaign and the Battle of Jutland, and receiving promotion to captain on 30 January 1917. He was officially transferred to the Royal Marine Light Infantry on 30 January 1917. Between the wars, he was promoted to major on 17 June 1929, and to lieutenant colonel on 1 April 1936. He was brevetted colonel and promoted to colonel on 3 April 1939 (seniority 31 December 1938). During the Second World War he was the commander of the British occupation of Iceland in May 1940. He was promoted to acting colonel commandant and temporary brigadie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Marines
The Royal Marines provide the United Kingdom's amphibious warfare, amphibious special operations capable commando force, one of the :Fighting Arms of the Royal Navy, five fighting arms of the Royal Navy, a Company (military unit), company strength sub-unit to the Special Forces Support Group, Special Forces Support Group (SFSG), landing craft crews, and the Naval Service's military bands. The Royal Marines trace their origins back to the formation of the "Duke of York and Albany's maritime regiment of Foot" on 28 October 1664, and the first Royal Marines Commando unit was formed at Deal, Kent, Deal in Kent on 14 February 1942 and designated "The Royal Marine Commando". The Royal Marines have seen action across many conflicts but do not have battle honours as such, but rather the "Great Globe itself" was chosen in 1827 by King George IV in their place to recognise the Marines' service and successes in multiple engagements in every quarter of the world. The Corps has close ties ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Weserübung
Operation Weserübung ( , , 9 April – 10 June 1940) was the invasion of Denmark and Norway by Nazi Germany during World War II. It was the opening operation of the Norwegian Campaign. In the early morning of 9 April 1940 (, "Weser Day"), German forces occupied Denmark and invaded Norway, ostensibly as a preventive manoeuvre against a planned Anglo-French Military occupation, occupation of Norway known as Plan R 4, which developed as a response to a German invasion of Norwegian territory. After the rapid occupation of Denmark, in which the Danish military was ordered to stand down as Denmark's government did not declare war with Germany, German envoys informed the governments of Denmark and Norway that Germany's forces had come to protect both countries against Anglo-French attacks. Significant differences in geography, location and climate between the two nations made the actual military operations very dissimilar. The invasion fleet's nominal landing time, (Weser Time), wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Co-belligerent
Co-belligerence is the waging of a war in cooperation against a common enemy with or without a military alliance. Generally, the term is used for cases where no formal treaty of alliance exists. Likewise, allies may not become co-belligerents in a war if a '' casus foederis'' invoking the alliance has not arisen. Co-belligerents are defined in the ''Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law'' as "states engaged in a conflict with a common enemy, whether in alliance with each other or not". Legality Under the Fourth Geneva Convention, nationals of a co-belligerent state are not regarded as protected persons if their state has normal diplomatic relations with an allied nation. Article 4 of the convention states: tionals of a co-belligerent State, shall not be regarded as protected persons while the State of which they are nationals has normal diplomatic representation in the State in whose hands they are. In other words, it isn't a war crime under international humanitaria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iceland During WW2
Iceland is a Nordic island country between the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between North America and Europe. It is culturally and politically linked with Europe and is the region's westernmost and most sparsely populated country. Its capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which is home to about 36% of the country's roughly 380,000 residents (excluding nearby towns/suburbs, which are separate municipalities). The official language of the country is Icelandic. Iceland is on a rift between tectonic plates, and its geologic activity includes geysers and frequent volcanic eruptions. The interior consists of a volcanic plateau with sand and lava fields, mountains and glaciers, and many Glacial stream, glacial rivers flow to the sea through the Upland and lowland, lowlands. Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite being a latitude just south of the Arctic Circle. Its latitude and marine influence keep summers chilly, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military History Of Iceland
This is a brief overview of historical warfare and recent developments in Iceland. Iceland has never participated in a full-scale war or invasion and the constitution of Iceland has no mechanism to declare war. Settlement and commonwealth In the period from the settlement of Iceland, in the 870s, until it became part of the realm of the Norwegian King, military defences of Iceland consisted of multiple chieftains (''Goðar'') and their free followers (''þingmenn'', ''bændur'' or ''liðsmenn'') organised as per standard Nordic military doctrine of the time in expeditionary armies such as the ''leiðangr''. These armies were divided into units by the quality of the warriors and birth. At the end of this period the number of chieftains had diminished and their power had grown to the detriment of their followers. This resulted in a long series of major feuds known as Age of the Sturlungs in the 13th century. During and before the war more than 21 fortresses were built. The battle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
