|
ISU Judging System
The ISU Judging System or the International Judging System (IJS), occasionally referred to as the Code of Points (COP) system, is the scoring system that has been used since 2004 to judge the figure skating disciplines of single skating, men's and ladies' singles, pair skating, ice dancing, ice dance, and synchronized skating. It was designed and implemented by the International Skating Union (ISU), the ruling body of the sport. This system of scoring is used in all international competitions sanctioned by the ISU, including the Olympic Games. The ISU Judging System replaced the previous 6.0 system. It was created partially in response to the 2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal, in an attempt to make the scoring system more objective and less vulnerable to abuse. U.S. Figure Skating has released a summary of the new judging system. Previous judging system Figure skating was formerly judged on a 6.0 scale. This scale is sometimes called "the old scale", or "old system". S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Figure Skating
Figure skating is a sport in which individuals, pairs, or groups perform on figure skates on ice. It was the first winter sport to be included in the Olympic Games, with its introduction occurring at the Figure skating at the 1908 Summer Olympics, 1908 Olympics in London. The Olympic disciplines are Single skating, men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance; the four individual disciplines are also combined into a team event, which was first included in the Winter Olympics in 2014 Winter Olympics, 2014. The non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized skating, Ice theatre, Theater on Ice, and four skating. From intermediate through senior-level competition, skaters generally perform two programs (the Short program (figure skating), short program and the Free skating, free skate), which, depending on the discipline, may include figure skating spins, spins, figure skating jumps, jumps, moves in the field, Figure skating lifts, lifts, Figure skating jumps#Throw jump ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camel Spin
The camel spin (also called the parallel spin) is one of the three basic figure skating spin positions. British figure skater Cecilia Colledge was the first to perform it. The camel spin, for the first ten years after it was created, was performed mostly by women, although American skater Dick Button performed the first forward camel spin, a variation of the camel spin, and made it a regular part of the repertoire performed by male skaters. The camel spin is executed on one foot, and is an adaptation of the ballet pose the arabesque to the ice. When the camel spin is executed well, the stretch of the skater's body creates a slight arch or straight line. Skaters increase the difficulty of camel spins in a variety of ways. Description The camel spin is one of the three basic figure skating spin positions. British figure skater Cecilia Colledge was the first to perform it, in the mid-1930s.Hines, p. 103Kestnbaum, p. 107 The camel spin, also called the "parallel spin",Kestnbaum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sit Spin
The sit spin (also known as the Jackson Haines spin) is one of the oldest elements in figure skating Figure skating is a sport in which individuals, pairs, or groups perform on figure skates on ice. It was the first winter sport to be included in the Olympic Games, with its introduction occurring at the Figure skating at the 1908 Summer Olympi .... It was invented by American figure skater Jackson Haines. It has been called "one of the most important spins in skating".Petkevich, p. 144 According to figure skater John MIsha Petkevich, despite its difficulty to learn and the amount of energy it requires to execute it, "yields immense rewards" for the skater. There is a wide variety of sitting positions skaters have invented, and also according to Petkevich, the choice of a sitting position are not determined by aesthetic design or technical objections, but is often determined by convenience. The skater can make refinements to the sit spin, which will do the following: increase th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Layback Spin
A layback spin is a variation of the upright spin, a spin in figure skating. British figure skater Cecilia Colledge was "responsible for the invention"Kestnbaum, p. 107 of the spin and the first to execute it.Hines, p. 112 Colledge's coach, Jacques Gerschwiler, who was a former gymnastics teacher and according to Colledge "very progressive in his ideas", got the idea for the upright spin while watching one of Colledge's trainers, a former circus performer turned acrobatics instructor, train Colledge to perform backbends "by means of a rope tied around her waist". The upright spin has long been associated with women's skating, but men have also performed it. Skaters include it in their programs because it increases their technical content and fulfills choreographic needs. The layback spin is executed by holding the free leg in a back attitude position and arching the head and upper body backward so that the skater faces up towards the sky, ceiling, or further.Kestnbaum, p. 281 T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camel Spin
The camel spin (also called the parallel spin) is one of the three basic figure skating spin positions. British figure skater Cecilia Colledge was the first to perform it. The camel spin, for the first ten years after it was created, was performed mostly by women, although American skater Dick Button performed the first forward camel spin, a variation of the camel spin, and made it a regular part of the repertoire performed by male skaters. The camel spin is executed on one foot, and is an adaptation of the ballet pose the arabesque to the ice. When the camel spin is executed well, the stretch of the skater's body creates a slight arch or straight line. Skaters increase the difficulty of camel spins in a variety of ways. Description The camel spin is one of the three basic figure skating spin positions. British figure skater Cecilia Colledge was the first to perform it, in the mid-1930s.Hines, p. 103Kestnbaum, p. 107 The camel spin, also called the "parallel spin",Kestnbaum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toe Loop Jump
The toe loop jump is the simplest Figure skating jumps, jump in the sport of figure skating. It was invented in the 1920s by American professional figure skater Bruce Mapes. The toe loop is accomplished by skating forward on the inside edge of the blade; the skater then switches to a backward-facing position before their takeoff, which is accomplished from a back outside edge with assistance from the toe pick on the other foot. The jump is exited on the same back outside edge as it was taken off from. It is often added to more difficult jumps during combinations and is the most common second jump performed in combinations. It is also the most commonly attempted jump. History The toe loop jump is the simplest of the six Figure skating jumps, jumps in the sport of figure skating. It was invented in the 1920s by American professional figure skater Bruce Mapes, who might have also invented the flip jump. In competitions, the base value of a single toe loop is 0.40; the base value of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salchow Jump
The Salchow jump is an edge jump in figure skating. It was named after its inventor, Ulrich Salchow, in 1909. The Salchow is accomplished with a takeoff from the back inside edge of one foot and a landing on the back outside edge of the opposite foot. It is "usually the first jump that skaters learn to double, and the first or second to triple".Kestnbaum, p. 284 Timing is critical because both the takeoff and landing must be on the backward edge. A Salchow is deemed cheated if the skate blade starts to turn forward before the takeoff, or if it has not turned completely backward when the skater lands back on the ice. In competitions, the base value of a single Salchow is 0.40, for a double Salchow it is 1.30, for a triple 4.30, 9.70 for a quadruple, and 14 for a quintuple. History The Salchow jump was named after its inventor, Swedish world champion Ulrich Salchow in 1909.Media guide, p. 16 According to writer Ellyn Kestnbaum, American skater Theresa Weld "received reprimands" a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loop Jump
The loop jump is an edge jump in the sport of figure skating. The skater executes it by taking off from the back outside edge of the skating foot, turning one or more rotations in the air, and landing on the back outside edge of the same foot. It is often performed as the second jump in a combination. History The loop jump was created by German figure skater Werner Rittberger, and is often called the Rittberger in Europe. According to U.S. Figure Skating, the loop jump is "the most fundamental of all the jumps". According to writer Ellyn Kestnbaum, the jump also gets its name from the shape the blade would leave on the ice if the skater performed the rotation without leaving the ice. In competitions, the base value of the single loop jump is 0.50; the base value of a double loop is 1.70; the base value of a triple loop is 4.90; the base value of a quadruple loop is 10.50, and the base value of a quintuple loop is 14. Firsts Execution The loop jump is an edge jump. The skate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flip Jump
The flip jump (also called the flip, and formerly ''toe salchow'') is a figure skating jump. The International Skating Union (ISU) defines a flip jump as "a toe jump that takes off from a back inside edge and lands on the back outside edge of the opposite foot".Media Guide, p. 16 It is executed with assistance from the toe of the free foot. History The origin of the flip jump is unknown, although American professional figure skater Bruce Mapes might have created it. Gustave Lussi claimed that he and his student Montgomery Wilson invented it. The jump was sometimes called the Wilson in Canada and the Mapes in the United States after Mapes's wife, Evelyn Chandler Mapes, who popularized the jump there. Writer Ellyn Kestnbaum calls the jump "somewhat trickier than the loop for most skaters. considerably more so than the salchow or toe loop",Kestnbaum, p. 289 because of its unstable inside edge and the precision required to align and time the jump's vault from the toepick. As a c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Axel Jump
The Axel jump or Axel Paulsen jump, named after its inventor, Norwegian figure skater Axel Paulsen, is an edge jump performed in figure skating. It is the sport's oldest and most difficult jump, and the only basic jump in competition with a forward take-off, which makes it the easiest to identify. A double or triple Axel is required in both the short program and the free skating segment for junior and senior single skaters in all events sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU). Compared with other basic figure skating jumps, the Axel requires an extra half revolution, which makes a triple Axel "more a quadruple jump than a triple", according to figure skating expert Hannah Robbins. The triple Axel has become a common technical element in the men's singles discipline. As of March 2025, 27 women have successfully completed the triple Axel in international competition. The quadruple Axel was successfully executed in competition for the first time in 2022 by Ilia Mal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lutz Jump
The Lutz is a figure skating jump named after Alois Lutz, an Austrian skater. It is a toepick-assisted jump with an entrance from a back outside edge and landing on the back outside edge of the opposite foot. It is the second-most difficult jump in figure skating and "probably the second-most famous jump after the Axel". History The Lutz jump is named after figure skater Alois Lutz from Vienna, Austria, who may have first performed it in 1913, although historian Matthias Hampe did not find contemporary sources that specifically referenced the jump before the 1920s, after Lutz's death.Media guide, p. 16 Maribel Vinson wrote that it was rare in North America before 1930. In competitions, points are awarded based on the number of rotations completed during the jump. The base value of a successful single Lutz is 0.60 points, a double Lutz is 2.10 points, a triple Lutz is 5.90 points, a quadruple Lutz is 11.50 points, and a quintuple Lutz is 14 points. Firsts Execution The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free Skating
The free skating segment of figure skating, also called the free skate and the long program, is the second of two segments of competitions, skated after the short program. Its duration, across all disciplines, is four minutes for senior skaters and teams, and three and one-half minutes for junior skaters and teams. Vocal music with lyrics is allowed for all disciplines since the 2014—2015 season. The free skating program, across all disciplines, must be well-balanced and include certain elements described and published by the International Skating Union (ISU). Overview The free skating program, also called the free skate or long program, along with the short program, is a segment of single skating, pair skating, and synchronized skating in international competitions and events for both junior and senior-level skaters.S&P/ID 2022, p. 9 The free skating program is skated after the short program. Its duration, across all disciplines, is four minutes for senior skaters and te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
