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Hong Kong Association For Democracy And People's Livelihood
The Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL) is a Hong Kong pro-democracy social-liberal political party catering to grassroots interest with a strong basis in Sham Shui Po. Established on 26 October 1986, it was one of the three major pro-democracy groups along with the Meeting Point and the Hong Kong Affairs Society in the 1980s. The ADPL survived through the great unification of the pro-democracy camp in the 1991 and became the only pro-democracy party to sit in the Beijing-controlled Provisional Legislative Council in 1997. It was ousted for the first time in the 1998 Legislative Council election. Its veteran former chairman Frederick Fung was the only legislator for the ADPL until he was defeated in the 2016 Legislative Council election in which the party was ousted from the legislature for the second time. Stances The stated aims of the ADPL are to: * Strive for a high degree of autonomy in Hong Kong under Chinese sovereignty and to impl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruce Liu (politician)
Bruce Liu Sing-lee (born 8 October 1958 in Hong Kong) is a Hong Kong solicitor and politician. He is the former chairman of the moderate Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood and an elected member of Kowloon City District Council (2008–2011) representing the Kai Tak (constituency), Kai Tak constituency. He graduated from the Department of Social Work in the Chinese University of Hong Kong in 1983. He was a member of the Wong Tai Sin District Board (1985–1999), the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (1995–1997) and the Provisional Legislative Council (1997–1998). References {{DEFAULTSORT:Liu, Bruce 1958 births Living people Leaders of political parties District councillors of Kowloon City District District councillors of Wong Tai Sin District Hong Kong solicitors Members of the Urban Council of Hong Kong Alumni of the Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood politicians Members of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Provisional Legislative Council
The Provisional Legislative Council (PLC) was the interim legislature of Hong Kong that operated from 1997 to 1998. The legislature was founded in Guangzhou and sat in Shenzhen from 1996 (with offices in Hong Kong), until the 1997 handover when it moved to Hong Kong to temporarily replace the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. The legislature was established by the Preparatory Committee for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region by resolution at its Second Plenary Session on 24 March 1996. The 60 members of the PLC were elected on 21 December 1996 by the 400-member Selection Committee for the First Government of the HKSAR, which also elected the first Chief Executive. The official start date for this council was on 25 January 1997. History 1992 electoral reforms When the Hong Kong Basic Law was promulgated on 4 April 1990, the National People's Congress (NPC) issued a decision on the same day on the formation of the first government and legislature of the Hong Kong Sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ding Lik-kiu
Dr. Ding Lik-kiu ( Chinese: 陳立僑, 1921 in Raj of Sarawak – 24 June 2008 in San Francisco, United States) was a prominent Hong Kong social activist in the 1970s and 80s. Biography Ding was born in an impoverished family in Borneo (modern day Sarawak) in 1921. His father was a poor merchant and murdered on the road when Ding was a baby. When he was 5 his mother found a rich local merchant to adopt him, but could not bear to part with him on the doorstep of the merchant's house and took him back home. A year later she died from the vitamin deficiency heart disease Beriberi. Ding was taken in by the local Methodist missionary school and through a series of scholarships eventually studied medicine at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore and then went back to Borneo to serve as a medical missionary, where he helped set up Christ Hospital. After moving to Hong Kong in 1962, he started fighting for the rights of workers and the underprivileged. His focus on social ills starte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hong Kong People's Council On Public Housing Policy
The Hong Kong People's Council on Housing Policy (; HKPCHP), formerly called the Hong Kong People's Council on Public Housing Policy (), was a Hong Kong pressure group established in 1978 and was prominent in the 1970s and 80s. It was set up by a group of social activists from the residents' group and community organisations aiming at influencing Hong Kong Government's public housing policies and as a shadow council of the Hong Kong Housing Authority. The PCPHP was preceded by the Rental Action Group against the rental rise of the public housing when the Ten-Year Housing Scheme was launched and the Hong Kong Housing Authority was established in 1973. Together with the Society for Community Organisation (SOCO) and Hong Kong Christian Industrial Committee (HKCIC), they organised protests against the increase in rent of public housing in 1976, more participation in the public housing policies in 1977 and protests against the raise of bus fares in 1980. In 1983 they campaigned for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Hong Kong Society
The New Hong Kong Society (Chinese: 新香港學社) was a political organisation existed in the early 1980s in the background of Sino-British negotiation over Hong Kong's sovereignty after 1997. It was one of the first groups to accept Chinese sovereignty over Hong Kong and the idea of Hong Kong people ruling Hong Kong through democratic means. The society comprised mainly young graduates who recently graduated in the 1980s and offered a detailed plan to implement the idea of Hong Kong people ruling Hong Kong in early 1983 and had discussion with the officials of the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office The Hong Kong and Macao Work Office, concurrently known as the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council (HMO), is an administrative office of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party responsible for promoting cooper .... References {{reflist Political organisations based in Hong Kong 1983 establishments in Hong Kong ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Association For Democracy And Justice
The Association for Democracy and Justice () was a short-lived liberal political organisation in Hong Kong during the mid-1980s as the predecessor of the Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL). History It was founded in 1985 in the background of the Sino-British Joint Declaration in December 1984 which determined the Chinese sovereignty of Hong Kong after 1997 and the introduction of the representative democracy by the colonial government. It was "a pseudo-political party in preparation for the coming elections for various positions in public office." Founded by a group of labour organisations, trade unions, and church figures, the membership of the organisation was largely based on the Hong Kong Christian Industrial Committee, including Ding Lik-kiu, the chairman of the Hong Kong Christian Industrial Committee and Lau Chin-shek Lau Chin-shek (born 12 September 1944) was the President of the Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions and a member ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urban Council (Hong Kong)
The Urban Council (UrbCo) was a municipal council in Hong Kong responsible for municipal services on Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon (including New Kowloon). These services were provided by the council's executive arm, the Urban Services Department. Later, the equivalent body for the New Territories was the Regional Council. The council was founded as the Sanitary Board in 1883. It was renamed the Urban Council when new legislation was passed in 1936 expanding its mandate. In 1973 the council was reorganised under non-government control and became financially autonomous. Originally composed mainly of ''ex-officio'' and appointed members, by the time the Urban Council was disbanded following the Handover it was composed entirely of members elected by universal suffrage. History The Urban Council was first established as the Sanitary Board in 1883. In 1887, a system of partial elections was established, allowing selected individuals to vote for members of the Board. On ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Universal Suffrage
Universal suffrage or universal franchise ensures the right to vote for as many people bound by a government's laws as possible, as supported by the " one person, one vote" principle. For many, the term universal suffrage assumes the exclusion of the young and non-citizens (among others). At the same time, some insist that more inclusion is needed before suffrage can be truly universal. Democratic theorists, especially those hoping to achieve more universal suffrage, support presumptive inclusion, where the legal system would protect the voting rights of all subjects unless the government can clearly prove that disenfranchisement is necessary. Universal full suffrage includes both the right to vote, also called active suffrage, and the right to be elected, also called passive suffrage. History In the first modern democracies, governments restricted the vote to those with property and wealth, which almost always meant a minority of the male population. In some jurisdiction ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pro-democracy Camp
The pro-democracy camp, also known as the pan-democracy camp, is a political alignment in Hong Kong that supports increased democracy, namely the universal suffrage of the Chief Executive and the Legislative Council as given by the Basic Law under the " One Country, Two Systems" framework. The pro-democrats generally embrace liberal values such as rule of law, human rights, civil liberties and social justice, though their economic positions vary. They are often referred to as the "opposition camp" as they have consistently been the minority camp within the Legislative Council, and because of their non-cooperative and sometimes confrontational stance towards the Hong Kong and Chinese central governments. Opposite to the pro-democracy camp is the pro-Beijing camp, whose members are perceived as being supportive of the Beijing and SAR authorities. Since the 1997 handover, the pro-democracy camp has usually received 55 to 60 percent of the votes in each election, but has alw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judicial Independence
Judicial independence is the concept that the judiciary should be independent from the other branches of government. That is, courts should not be subject to improper influence from the other branches of government or from private or partisan interests. Judicial independence is important for the idea of separation of powers. Different countries deal with the idea of judicial independence through different means of judicial selection, that is, choosing judges. One method seen as promoting judicial independence is by granting life tenure or long tenure for judges, as it would ideally free them to decide cases and make rulings according to the rule of law and judicial discretion, even if those decisions are politically unpopular or opposed by powerful interests. This concept can be traced back to 18th-century England. In some countries, the ability of the judiciary to check the legislature is enhanced by the power of judicial review. This power can be used, for example, by manda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Rights In Hong Kong
Human rights protection is enshrined in the Hong Kong Basic Law, Basic Law and its Bill of Rights Ordinance (Cap.383). By virtue of the Bill of Rights Ordinance and Basic Law Article 39, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) is put into effect in Hong Kong. Any local legislation that is inconsistent with the Basic Law can be set aside by the courts. This does not apply to national legislation that applies to Hong Kong, such as the 2020 Hong Kong national security law, National Security Law, even if it is inconsistent with the Bills of Rights Ordinance, ICCPR, or the Basic Law. Hong Kong is generally perceived to enjoy a moderate level of civil liberties. Although the Government of Hong Kong, Hong Kong government claims that it respects the human rights of citizens, there are significant concerns surrounding human rights in practice, particularly in the political sphere and press. There are concerns over the freedoms to the people which is restrict ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
One Country, Two Systems
"One country, two systems" is a constitutional principle of the People's Republic of China (PRC) describing the governance of the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau. Deng Xiaoping developed the one country, two systems concept. This constitutional principle was formulated in the early 1980s during negotiations over Hong Kong between China and the United Kingdom. It provided that there would be only one China, but that each region would retain its own economic and administrative system. Under the principle, each of the two regions could continue to have its own governmental system, legal, economic and financial affairs, including trade relations with foreign countries, all of which are independent from those of the mainland. The PRC has also proposed to apply the principle in the unification it aims for with Taiwan. Background Deng Xiaoping developed the principle of one country, two systems in relation to Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan. Hong Kong and Mac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
