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Hill States Of India
The Hill States of India were princely states lying in the northern border regions of the British Raj, British Indian Empire. The historic terms ''Punjab Hills'' and ''Pahari Hills'' were used to describe the foothills of the Western Himalayan-range prior to the independence of India in 1947. History Punjab Hills Prior to the late 1940s, the region that is now classified as Jammu division, Jammu and Himachal Pradesh was termed the "Punjab Hills". The Punjab Hills are around 483 kilometres (300 miles) long and 161 kilometres (100 miles) wide. It consisted of a range of foot-hills, known as the Sivalik Hills, Shivalik Range, meeting the Punjab Plains. The hills of the region are stony and rough. The term "Punjab Hills" is now only generally used in the present-era to describe painting styles produced in the courtly settings of Mankot, Guler, Kangra, Kulu, Mandi and Basohli states. The Punjab Hills are not to be confused with the Punjab Plains (i.e. the Punjab proper, being t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muslim Conquests In The Indian Subcontinent
The Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent mainly took place between the 13th and the 18th centuries, establishing the Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent, Indo-Muslim period. Early Muslim conquests, Earlier Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent include the invasions which started in the Northwest India (pre-1947), northwestern Indian subcontinent (modern-day Pakistan), especially the Umayyad campaigns in India, Umayyad campaigns during the 8th century. Mahmud of Ghazni, sultan of the Ghaznavid Empire, preserved an ideological link to the suzerainty of the Abbasid caliph, Abbasid Caliphate and invaded vast parts of Punjab and Gujarat during the 11th century. After the capture of Siege of Lahore (1186), Lahore and the end of the Ghaznavids, the Ghurid ruler Muhammad of Ghor laid the foundation of Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent, Muslim rule in India in 1192. In 1202, Bakhtiyar Khalji led the Muslim conquest of Bengal, marking the easternmost expansion of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akhnoor
Akhnoor is a town and municipal committee, near city of Jammu in Jammu district of Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It lies 28 km away from Jammu city. Akhnoor is on the bank of the Chenab River, just before it enters the Pakistani Punjab. Its border location gives it strategic significance. The Akhnoor area is divided into three administrative sub-divisions - Akhnoor, Chowki Choura and Khour; Seven Tehsils - Akhnoor Khaas, Chowki Choura, Maira Mandrian, Jourian, Kharah Balli, Khour & Pargwal. History Ancient The place is believed to be the ancient city of ''Virat Nagar'' mentioned in the Mahabharata however, Bairat, a town in northern Jaipur district of Rajasthan is more established as the ancient ''Virat Nagar''. The place is one of the most important historical sites in Jammu and Kashmir. Excavations by the Archaeological Survey of India have established the fact that Akhnoor was one of the last bastion of the Indus Valley civilization and Manda, Ak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lakhanpur, Jammu
Lakhanpur is a town and a notified area committee in Kathua district in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Lakhanpur is the entrance to Jammu and Kashmir from Punjab and rest of India. It is a sparsely populated area about from the center of Kathua city,and also known for its lakhanpur fort and famous dish called alle Geography Lakhanpur is situated just below the Sivalik Hills. The town is sandwiched between Ravi river to the south and east while the Shiwaliks rise abruptly high to the north. The town starts from the Modhopur Ravi bridge and is spread on both the sides of NH1A. Kathua city is just 6 km ahead of Lakhanpur. It is the gateway to the Indian state Jammu and Kashmir. Traffic and infrastructure Since the town is an entrance to the state, the infrastructure is well developed with parking, restaurants, banks, ATMs, sanitation facilities and much more. But the traffic problem is difficult, with hours of traffic snarls due to the huge rush of tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jasrota
Jasrota kingdom in the Himalayan foothills of India was founded in 1064 A.D at south-eastern Jammu between the Ravi and the Ujh rivers which ended in 1815. The remainants of Jasrota kingdom exists as ruined forts, restored temples, water bodies and canals in Hiranagar tehsil, Narowal tehsil, Nagri tehsil, Kathua tehsil, Marheen tehsil, Dinga Amb tehsil, Ramkot tehsil, Mahanpur tehsil, Billawar tehsil. History Jasrota was one of ten states founded by members of the Jammu ruling family. They were all tributaries to the Raja of Jammu. It was probably the first of those to be established, although its origin is disputed. Jasrota is a upland township in Kathua district and it is just 16 km from Kathua city. Some sources say that Raja Jas Dev of Jammu ( 1020–1053) give to his brother, Karan Dev. Others say that Karan Dev was a son of Bhujdev, a ruler of Jammu, and that the state came into existence in either the 12th or early 13th century, when Karan Dev's military ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mankot
Mankot is a Village situated in Bageshwar district in the State of Uttarakhand, India. It is located at a distance of from Bageshwar on the National Highway 309A. Mankot is a medium-sized village with total 118 families residing. History Mankot was the seat of Mankoti kings who ruled the area around 13th century. The kingdom extended between the rivers Saryuganga and Ramganga; and was called Gangavali; which got corrupted to Gangoli over the course of time. The kingdom of Gangoli was invaded by the Chand king, Balo Kalyan Chand, in the 16th century. Following its defeat, Mankot was merged into the Kumaon Kingdom. In Janhavi naula at Gangolihat belonging to 1264 A.D. there is a piece of stone with the names of the Gangoli kings and also records an inscription about a possible invasion of Mankot by the Delhi Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah. On the piece of stone of 1352, found in the temple of Baijnath, is written that the kings of Gangoli (Hamirdeo, Lingarajdeo, Dharaldeo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Himalayas
The Western Himalayas are the western half of the Himalayas, in northwestern India and northern Pakistan. Four of the five tributaries of the Indus River in Punjab ( Beas, Chenab, Jhelum, and Ravi) rise in the Western Himalayas; while the fifth, the Sutlej cuts through the range after rising in Tibet. Included within the Western Himalayas are the Zanskar Range, the Pir Panjal Range, and the Dhauladhar Range, and western parts of the Sivalik Range and the Great Himalayas. The highest point is Nanga Parbat (26,660 feet or 8,126 metres), at the northwestern end of the region. Rivers The Western Himalayas are drained by several perennial, glacier-fed rivers that are vital for irrigation, hydroelectricity, and drinking water: * Jhelum River begins in the Pir Panjal Range in Jammu & Kashmir and flows northwest through the Vale of Kashmir into Azad Jammu & Kashmir before joining the Chenab near Jhang. * Chenab River is formed by the Chandra and Bhaga rivers in the Laha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rana (title)
Rana (IAST: ''Rāṇā'', ) is an historical royal title from the Indian subcontinent, where it is today used as a hereditary name. "Rana" was formerly used as a title of martial sovereignty by Rajput kings in India. The term derives from the Sanskrit title "Rāṇaka". Rani is the title for the wife of a rana or a female monarch. It also applies to the wife of a raja. Compound titles include ''rana sahib'', ''ranaji'', ''raj rana,'' ''rana bahadur'', and ''maharana''. Usage in the Indian subcontinent "Rana" was formerly used as a title of martial sovereignty by Rajput kings in India. Sisodia rulers of Mewar used the title of Mahārāṇā (महाराणा) extensively in their royal charters. Today, members of some Rajput clans in Indian subcontinent use it as a hereditary title. In Pakistan, mostly Muslims—but also some Hindus in Sindh (present-day Pakistan)—use it as a hereditary title. Amarkot, a state in Sindh, has a Hindu Thakur Sodha Rajput ruler who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thakur (title)
Thakur is a historical Indian feudalism, feudal Indian honorifics, title of the Indian subcontinent. It is also used as a surname in the present day. The female variant of the title is Thakurani or Thakurain, and is also used to describe the wife of a Thakur. There are varying opinions among scholars about its origin. Some scholars suggest that it is not mentioned in the Sanskrit texts preceding 500 Common Era, BCE, but speculates that it might have been a part of the vocabulary of the dialects spoken in North India, northern India before the Gupta Empire. It is viewed to have been derived from word ''Thakkura'' which, according to several scholars, was not an original word of the Sanskrit Languages of India, language but a borrowed word in the Indian lexis from the Tukharistan region of Uzbekistan. Another view-point is that ''Thakkura'' is a loan word from the Prakrit language. Scholars have suggested differing meanings for the word, i.e. "god", "lord", and "master of the es ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inscription Of Text From The Sarahan Prashasti, A Sanskrit Poem, Incised On Stone Tablet, Sarahan (near Saho), Himachal Pradesh, Circa 10th Century (1)
Epigraphy () is the study of inscriptions, or epigraphs, as writing; it is the science of identifying graphemes, clarifying their meanings, classifying their uses according to dates and cultural contexts, and drawing conclusions about the writing and the writers. Specifically excluded from epigraphy are the historical significance of an epigraph as a document and the artistic value of a literary composition. A person using the methods of epigraphy is called an ''epigrapher'' or ''epigraphist''. For example, the Behistun inscription is an official document of the Achaemenid Empire engraved on native rock at a location in Iran. Epigraphists are responsible for reconstructing, translating, and dating the trilingual inscription and finding any relevant circumstances. It is the work of historians, however, to determine and interpret the events recorded by the inscription as document. Often, epigraphy and history are competences practised by the same person. Epigraphy is a primary t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Copper Plate Inscriptions
Indian copper plate inscriptions are legal records engraved on copper plates. The practice was widespread and long-running in the Indian subcontinent; it may date back to as early as the 3rd millennium BCE, however the vast majority of recovered plates were produced in the 1st millennium CE. The plates were legal documents which registered and recorded an act of endowment, i.e. a grant or donation, typically of land or concessions. The plate contained bureaucratic information on land tenure and taxation essential to the operation of the state. The copper plates can survive intact indefinitely: copper, being a non-ferrous metal, does not rust or otherwise deteriorate when exposed to oxygen the way iron does, but rather develops a protective patina. Historical significance As primary historical documents and archaeological artifacts, the copper plates are invaluable tools for scholarly research in the general history and society of the Indian subcontinent in the 1st mil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jammu
Jammu () is a city in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region.The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of Kashmir and a mention of the Kashmir dispute is supported by the WP:TERTIARY, tertiary sources (a) through (d), reflecting WP:DUE, due weight in the coverage. Although "controlled" and "held" are also applied neutrally to the names of the disputants or to the regions administered by them, as evidenced in sources (f) through (h) below, "held" is also considered politicised usage, as is the term "occupied," (see (i) below). (a) (subscription required) Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcontinent ... has been the subject of dispute between India and Pakistan since the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. The northern and western portions are administered by Pakistan and comprise three areas: Azad Kashmir, Gilgit, and Baltistan, the last two being part of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
