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Gus-Khrustalny (town)
Gus-Khrustalny () is a town in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the Gus River (a tributary of the Oka River) south of Vladimir, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 65,000 (1970); 40,000 (1939); 17,900 (1926). Etymology The name of the town may be translated as "crystal goose", for it is known as one of the oldest centers of glass industry in Russia and stands on the Gus River. There are reasons to believe that its name is not derived from '' goose'' directly, but rather from the common Slavic term ''"goose"'' (in the respective languages) for a large (up to several gallons) bottle. History Gus-Khrustalny was founded in 1756 with the construction of a crystal plant, Gus Crystal. It was granted town status in 1931. Gus-Khrustalny is one of the towns of the Golden Ring. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Gus-Khrustalny serves as the administrative center of Gus-Khrustalny District, even though ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Oblast
Vladimir Oblast () is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Vladimir, which is located east of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, the oblast's population was 1,443,693. The UNESCO World Heritage List includes the 12th-century cathedrals of Vladimir, Suzdal, Bogolyubovo, and Kideksha. Geography Vladimir Oblast borders Moscow, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Ryazan, and Nizhny Novgorod Oblasts. The oblast is situated in the center of the East European Plain. The Klyazma and the Oka are the most important rivers. There are approximately three hundred lakes. The oblast is situated in a zone of mixed forests. The region's geology is characterized by a variety of sedimentary and igneous rocks, including sandstone, shale, limestone, granite, and diabase. There are also several mineral deposits in the oblast, including iron ore, apatite, and phosphate. Some notable natural landmarks in the oblast include the Klyazma Reservoir and the Suzda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lead Glass
Lead glass, commonly called crystal, is a variety of glass in which lead replaces the calcium content of a typical potash glass. Lead glass contains typically 18–40% (by mass) lead(II) oxide (PbO), while modern lead crystal, historically also known as flint glass due to the original silica source, contains a minimum of 24% PbO. Lead glass is often desirable for a variety of uses due to its clarity. In marketing terms it is often called crystal glass. The term ''lead crystal'' is, technically, not an accurate term to describe lead glass, because glass lacks a crystalline structure and is instead an amorphous solid. The use of the term remains popular for historical and commercial reasons, but is sometimes changed to simply ''crystal'' because of lead's reputation as a toxic substance. It is retained from the Venetian word to describe the rock crystal (quartz) imitated by Murano glassmakers. This naming convention has been maintained to the present day to describe deco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cities And Towns In Vladimir Oblast
A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agreed definition of the lower boundary for their size. In a narrower sense, a city can be defined as a permanent and Urban density, densely populated place with administratively defined boundaries whose members work primarily on non-agricultural tasks. Cities generally have extensive systems for housing, transportation, sanitation, Public utilities, utilities, land use, Manufacturing, production of goods, and communication. Their density facilitates interaction between people, government organisations, government organizations, and businesses, sometimes benefiting different parties in the process, such as improving the efficiency of goods and service distribution. Historically, city dwellers have been a small proportion of humanity overall, bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rem Soloukhin
Rem Ivanovich Soloukhin (, 19 November 1930 – 6 January 1988) was a Soviet scientist, specializing in physics and mechanics. Along with Antoni K. Oppenheim (Berkeley) and Numa Manson (Paris), he founded the International Committee on Gasdynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems (ICDERS) in 1967. Biography Rem Soloukhin was born in a teachers' family in Gus-Khrustalny, Soviet Union in 1930. He graduated from Faculty of Physics of Moscow State University in 1953 and became PhD in 1957. In 1959, Soloukhin, together with Mikhail Lavrentiev, moved to work in Novosibirsk in Akademgorodok, where he developed a scientific direction at the Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics, which had already begun at the Krzhizhanovsky Energy Institute. In addition, he takes an active part in the creation of the Novosibirsk State University (NSU) and becomes the first dean of the Faculty of Physics, and then vice-rector for scientific and educational work. In 1967, Soloukhin together with A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Safronov (fighter Pilot)
Sergei Ivanovich Safronov (; 25 March 1930 – 1 May 1960) was a senior lieutenant and fighter pilot in the Soviet Air Defence Forces. Safronov was shot down by a friendly surface-to-air missile after attempting to intercept Gary Powers' reconnaissance Lockheed U-2 near Sverdlovsk. Biography Safronov was born on 25 March 1930 in Gus-Khrustalny and graduated from the town's School No. 1 (later School No. 12) in 1948. He joined the Soviet Air Forces and graduated from the Borisoglebsk Military Aviation School of Pilots, serving with the 764th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Soviet Air Defence Forces at Bolshoye Savino Airport near Perm from 1952. In the 1960 U-2 incident Safronov and his flight leader, deputy squadron commander Captain Boris Ayvazyan were vectored to intercept Gary Powers' Lockheed U-2 (after refueling at Sverdlovsk's Koltsovo Airport) with their MiG-19 fighters after an earlier attempt by a Sukhoi Su-9 failed. On their way to interception, the U-2 was shot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Administrative Divisions Of Vladimir Oblast
*Towns under the federal government management: ** Raduzhny (Радужный) *Cities and towns under the oblast's jurisdiction: **Vladimir (Владимир) (administrative center) ***''City districts'': **** Frunzensky (Фрунзенский) **** Leninsky (Ленинский) **** Oktyabrsky (Октябрьский) ** Gus-Khrustalny (Гусь-Хрустальный) ***''Settlements'' (of urban type) under the town's jurisdiction: **** Gusevsky (Гусевский) **Kovrov (Ковров) **Murom (Муром) *Districts: ** Alexandrovsky (Александровский) ***''Towns'' under the district's jurisdiction: **** Alexandrov (Александров) **** Karabanovo (Карабаново) **** Strunino (Струнино) ***''Settlements'' (of urban type) under the district's jurisdiction: **** Balakirevo (Балакирево) ** Gorokhovetsky (Гороховецкий) ***''Towns'' under the district's jurisdiction: **** Gorokhovets (Гороховец) ** Gus-Khrusta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panfilovo, Gus-Khrustalny, Vladimir Oblast
Panfilovo () is a rural locality (a settlement) in Gus-Khrustalny, Vladimir Oblast Vladimir Oblast () is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Vladimir, which is located east of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, the oblast's population was 1,443,693. The UNESCO World Heritage L ..., Russia. The population was 132 as of 2010. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gusevsky, Vladimir Oblast
Gusevsky () is an urban locality (urban-type settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of krai significance of Gus-Khrustalny of Vladimir Oblast, Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders .... Population: References Notes Sources * * * * {{coord, 55, 39, 35, N, 40, 33, 43, E, type:city_region:RU, display=title Urban-type settlements in Vladimir Oblast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urban-type Settlement
Urban-type settlement, abbreviated: ; , abbreviated: ; ; ; ; . is an official designation for lesser urbanized settlements, used in several Central and Eastern Europe, Central and Eastern European countries. The term was primarily used in the Soviet Union and later also for a short time in People's Republic of Bulgaria, socialist Bulgaria and Polish People's Republic, socialist Poland. It remains in use today in nine of the post-Soviet states. The designation was used in all 15 member republics of the Soviet Union from 1922. It was introduced later in Poland (1954) and Bulgaria (1964). All the urban-type settlements in Poland were transformed into other types of settlement (town or village) in 1972. In Bulgaria and five of the post-Soviet republics (Armenia, Moldova, and the three Baltic states), they were changed in the early 1990s, while Ukraine followed suit in 2023. Today, this term is still used in the other nine post-Soviet republics – Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia (co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subdivisions Of Russia
Russia is divided into several types and levels of subdivisions. Federal districts The federal districts are groupings of the federal subjects of Russia. Federal districts are not mentioned in the nation's constitution, do not have competences of their own, and do not manage regional affairs. They exist solely to monitor consistency between the federal and regional bodies of law, and ensure governmental control over the civil service, judiciary, and federal agencies operating in the regions. The federal district system was established on 13 May 2000. There are total eight federal districts. Federal subjects Since 30 September 2022, the Russian Federation has consisted of eighty-nine federal subjects that are constituent members of the Federation.Constitution, Article 65 However, six of these federal subjects—the Republic of Crimea, the Donetsk People's Republic, the Kherson Oblast, the Lugansk People's Republic, the federal city of Sevastopol, and the Zaporoz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golden Ring Of Russia
The Golden Ring of Russia () unites old Russian cities of five Oblasts of Russia, Oblasts – usually excluding Moscow – as a well-known Scenic route, theme-route. The grouping is centred northeast of the capital in what was the north-eastern part of ancient Rus' (region), Rus'. The ring formerly comprised the region known as Zalesye. The idea of the route and the term was created in 1967 by Soviet historian and essayist Yuri Bychkov, who published in ''Sovetskaya Kultura'' in November–December 1967 a series of essays on the cities under the heading: "Golden Ring". Bychkov was one of the founders of ''ВООПИК'': the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Monuments of History and Culture (these letters in Romanized form are VOOPIK). These ancient towns were heavily formative to the centrality of the Russian Orthodox Church in society. They preserve the memory of key events in medieval and Imperial Russian history. The towns have been called "open-air museu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gus Crystal
Gus Crystal () is a Russian manufacturer of glass (Lead glass or so-called "crystal"). The company is the oldest surviving manufacturer of Russian crystal and was founded in 1756 on the Gus River. The company gave its name to the town of Gus-Khrustalny and its district. Founded by Akim Maltsov, а merchant from Oryol region. From 2013 the plant was known as Gusevskaya Crystal Plant and named after Akim Maltsov. History In the summer of 1756, a merchant from Oryol region, Akim Maltsev founded a glass factory in the Vladimir Province of the Moscow Governorate, near the Gus River. Initially, the factory produced only simple glasses and tumblers, but in 1830, the founder's heir, Ivan Maltsev, established crystal production, making it as high-quality as Bohemian crystal but more affordable. For a century and a half after its founding, the factory has been operated successfully and expanded. In the final years of the Russian Empire, the Maltsev heirs not only renovated the facto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
