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Gutiérrez Brothers' Rebellion
The 1872 Peruvian coup d'état, known in History of Peru, Peruvian historiography as the Gutiérrez Brothers' rebellion (), was a coup d'état headed by General Tomás Gutiérrez, then Ministry of Defense (Peru), Minister of War, and his three brothers against then president José Balta, shortly before Manuel Pardo (politician), Manuel Pardo of the Civilista Party was to take office as the country's first civilian president. The coup was initially successful, although a violent crowd headed by brothers Baltazar and José La Torre ultimately murdered three of the Gutiérrez brothers. Background The Gutiérrez brothers The Gutiérrez brothers—Tomás Gutiérrez, Tomás, Silvestre Gutiérrez, Silvestre, Marceliano Gutiérrez, Marceliano and Marcelino Gutiérrez, Marcelino—were four brothers who were originally from the Huancarqui area of Castilla Province in Department of Arequipa, Arequipa and had joined the Peruvian Army, military, with Tomás distinguishing himself above the oth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lima
Lima ( ; ), founded in 1535 as the Ciudad de los Reyes (, Spanish for "City of Biblical Magi, Kings"), is the capital and largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón River, Chillón, Rímac River, Rímac and Lurín Rivers, in the desert zone of the central coastal part of the country, overlooking the Pacific Ocean. The city is considered the political, cultural, financial and commercial center of Peru. Due to its geostrategic importance, the Globalization and World Cities Research Network has categorized it as a "beta" tier city. Jurisdictionally, the metropolis extends mainly within the province of Lima and in a smaller portion, to the west, within the Constitutional Province of Callao, where the seaport and the Jorge Chávez Airport are located. Both provinces have regional autonomy since 2002. The 2023 census projection indicates that the city of Lima has an estimated population of 10,092,000 inhabitants, making it the List of cities in the Americas b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jorge Basadre
Jorge Alfredo Basadre Grohmann (12 February 1903 – 29 June 1980) was a Peruvian historian known for his extensive publications about the independent history of his country. He served during two different administrations as Minister of Education and was also director of the Peruvian National Library. Early life Jorge Basadre was born to Carlos Basadre Forero and Olga Eloísa Grohmann Butler in Tacna, which was then under Chilean administration. Basadre said that his great grandfather was José Toribio Ara y Cáceres, a cacique who participated in the Peruvian War of Independence. Basadre began his training at the Liceo Santa Rosa, a Peruvian school that operated clandestinely in Tacna but changed to the German School of Lima when his family moved to this city in 1912. He undertook his final year of secondary education at the College of Our Lady of Guadalupe in 1918. In 1919, Basadre entered the National University of San Marcos where he graduated as a Ph.D. in humanities ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Rufino Echenique
José Rufino Pompeyo Echenique Benavente (November 16, 1808 – June 16, 1887) served as the 12th President of Peru from 1851 to 1855. He participated in the Peruvian War of Independence and the Peruvian Civil Wars of 1834 and 1843–44. Echenique won the 1851 Peruvian presidential election to succeed Ramón Castilla. Under his government, the first civil laws of Peru were promulgated, and slavery was abolished. The finalizing phase of the construction of the Tacna-Arica railroad was also completed. Echenique was overthrown by the Liberal Revolution of 1854 led by Ramón Castilla in 1855 after a ball hosted by his wife, Victoria Tristán. He served as the President of the Chamber of Deputies in 1864, and President of the Senate from 1868 to 1871. His son, Juan Martín Echenique, was also active in Peruvian politics. Echenique hosted the Post-Impressionist painter Paul Gauguin and Gauguin's mother in his presidential home in central Lima from 1849 to 1854, during Gauguin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Peru
The president of Peru (), officially the constitutional president of the Republic of Peru (), is the head of state and head of government of Peru. The president is the head of the executive branch and is the supreme head of the Peruvian Armed Forces, Armed Forces and National Police of Peru. The office of president corresponds to the highest magistracy in the country, making the president the highest-ranking public official in Peru. Due to broadly interpreted impeachment wording in the Constitution of Peru, 1993 Constitution of Peru, the Congress of Peru can impeach the president without cause, effectively making the executive branch subject to the legislature. The president is elected to direct the general policy of the government, work with the Congress of the Republic and the Council of Ministers (Peru), Council of Ministers to enact reform, and be an administrator of the state, enforcing the constitution, which establishes the presidential requirements, rights, and obliga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Court Of Peru
The Supreme Court of Justice is the highest judicial court in Peru. Its jurisdiction extends over the entire territory of the nation. It is headquartered in the Palace of Justice in Lima. The current president of the Supreme Court is . Structure The supreme court is composed of three Supreme Sectors: *''Civil Sector'': Presides over all topics related to civil rights and commercial law. *''Criminal Sector'': Presides over all topics relating to criminal law *''Constitutional and Social Sector'': Presides over all topics relating to constitutional rights and labor law Integrated into the Supreme Court are the supreme speakers and supreme provisionary speakers, who substitute the supreme speakers in case of absence. The supreme speakers are distributed into each one of the Supreme Sectors that the law establishes. The president of the Supreme Court and the chief speaker of the Office of the Control of the Magistrature are not integrated into any Supreme Sector. The Supreme Court ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fernando Casós Flores
Fernando Casós Flores ( Trujillo; – Lima; ) was a Peruvian politician and writer. He played an important role in the coup d'état against José Balta in 1872, serving as Secretary General Secretary is a title often used in organizations to indicate a person having a certain amount of authority, Power (social and political), power, or importance in the organization. Secretaries announce important events and communicate to the org ... of the country during the short presidency of Tomás Gutiérrez. After the violent events of July 26 and 27, Casós resigned and sought refuge in France's diplomatic mission, later emigrating to Chile where he defended his actions through his book, ''Defensa de Fernando Casós''. See also * 1872 Peruvian coup d'état References 1828 births 1881 deaths People from Trujillo, Peru College of Our Lady of Guadalupe alumni National University of San Marcos alumni Members of the Senate of Peru 19th-century Peruvian politicians {{P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flagellation
Flagellation (Latin , 'whip'), flogging or whipping is the act of beating the human body with special implements such as whips, Birching, rods, Switch (rod), switches, the cat o' nine tails, the sjambok, the knout, etc. Typically, flogging has been imposed on an unwilling subject as a punishment; however, it can also be submitted to willingly and even done by oneself in sadomasochistic or religious contexts. The strokes are typically aimed at the unclothed back of a person, though they can be administered to other areas of the body. For a moderated subform of flagellation, described as ''bastinado'', the soles of a person's barefoot, bare feet are used as a target for beating (see foot whipping). In some circumstances the word ''flogging'' is used loosely to include any sort of corporal punishment, including birching and caning. However, in British legal terminology, a distinction was drawn between ''flogging'' (with a cat o' nine tails) and ''whipping'' (formerly with a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ramón Castilla
Ramón Castilla y Marquesado (; 31 August 1797 – 30 May 1867) was a Peruvian ''caudillo'' who served as President of Peru three times as well as the Interim President of Peru (Revolution Self-proclaimed President) in 1863. His earliest prominent appearance in Peruvian history began with his participation in a commanding role of the army of the Libertadores that helped Peru become an independent nation. Later, he led the country when the economy boomed due to the exploitation of guano deposits. Castilla's governments are remembered for having abolished slavery and modernized the state. He assumed the presidency for the first time after general Domingo Nieto's death for a short period in 1844, then in 1845 until 1851, again from 1855 to 1862 and, finally, during a brief period in 1863. First years Castilla was born in Tarapacá (then part of the Viceroyalty of Peru), the second son of Pedro Castilla, of Spanish-Argentine origin, and Juana Marquezado de Romero, who was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Antonio Pezet
Juan Antonio Pezet y Rodríguez de la Piedra (11 June 1809 – 24 March 1879) was a Peruvian military officer and politician who served in the positions of Secretary of War, First Vice President and the 16th President of Peru. As President, his moderate and cautious attitude towards the occupation of the Chincha Islands by a Spanish Fleet in 1864 was used as an excuse to launch the 1865 military coup led by Colonel Mariano Prado that drove him out of power. Early years Juan Antonio Pezet Rodríguez Piedra was born in Lima, Viceroyalty of Peru, the son of Dr. Jose Pezet Monel, a physician, journalist, literary and parliamentarian who was among the enterprising heroes of Peru's independence. His French-born grandfather, Antoine Pezet Eustache, had arrived in Lima in 1765. As a boy, Pezet briefly entered the Jesuit College of San Carlos. When General José de San Martín with the Chilean army obliged the viceroy to evacuate Lima in 1821, young Pezet joined the patriots and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congress Of Peru
The Congress of the Republic of Peru () is the unicameral body that assumes legislative power in Peru. Due to broadly interpreted impeachment wording in the Constitution of Peru, the President of Peru can be removed by Congress without cause, effectively making the legislature more powerful than the executive branch. Following a ruling in February 2023 by the Constitutional Court of Peru, the body tasked with interpreting the Constitution of Peru and whose members are directly chosen by Congress, judicial oversight of the legislative body was also removed by the court, essentially giving Congress absolute control of Peru's government. Since the 2021 Peruvian general election, right wing parties held a majority in the legislature. * * * * The largest represented leftist party in Congress, Free Peru, has subsequently aligned itself with conservative and Fujimorists parties within Congress due to their institutional power. Congress's composition is established by Chapter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huancayo
Huancayo (; in , '(place) with a (sacred) rock', ) is the capital of the Junín Region and Huancayo Province, in the central highlands of Peru, in the Mantaro Valley and is crossed by the Shullcas, Chilca and Mantaro rivers. It was founded as a reduction by the name Santísima Trinidad de Huancayo on 1 June 1572, by Don Jerónimo de Silva, a Spanish conquistador. It is the fifth largest city in Peru, with a population of 500,000 and is among the highest cities in Peru, with an altitude of 3,256 meters (10,692 feet) above sea level. It is considered the economic and social center of central Peru The Huanca people largely inhabited the area even before the Inca Empire at around 500 BC. They would later form the so-called Huanca kingdom.They were incorporated into the Inca Empire, becoming a stopping point along the Qhapaq Ñan, the section that runs through the city, which today is called Calle Real. Upon the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors notably Francisco Pizarro, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
