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Gumal (West Syriac Diocese)
Gumal (also known as Goghmal, Gomel and Marga) was a diocese of the Syriac Orthodox Church. Bishops of Gumal are attested between the sixth and tenth centuries, but the diocese may have persisted into the thirteenth century. Sources The main primary sources for the Syriac Orthodox bishops of Gumal are the ''Chronicle'' of the Syriac Orthodox patriarch Michael the Syrian (1166–99) and the ''Chronicon Ecclesiasticum'' of the Jacobite maphrian Bar Hebraeus (''ob.''1286). Location The diocese of Gumal was located in the Mosul district of northern Iraq, not far from the celebrated Jacobite monastery of Mar Mattai. According to Bar Hebraeus, Gumal was 'a large town in the country of Marga, to the northeast of Mount Alpap'. The town is probably connected with the district of Tel Gomel (in Greek, Gaugamela), which gave its name to Alexander the Great’s victory over the Persians at Gaugamela in 333 BC. The battle seems to have been fought at a site close to the modern Assyrian to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dioceses Of The Syriac Orthodox Church
In the period of its greatest expansion, in the tenth century, the Syriac Orthodox Church had around 20 Metropolitan bishop, metropolitan dioceses and a little over a hundred Suffragan bishop, suffragan dioceses. By the seventeenth century, only 20 dioceses remained, reduced in the twentieth century to 10. The seat of List of Syriac Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch, Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch was at Mardin before the First World War, and thereafter in Mor Hananyo Monastery, Deir Zaʿfaran, from 1932 in Homs, and finally from 1959 in Damascus. Syriac Orthodox Church before the Arab invasions When the Syriac Orthodox movement began in the sixth century, the Christian world was organised into Pentarchy (Christianity), five patriarchates: Rome, Constantinople, Antioch, Alexandria and Jerusalem. The Syriac Orthodox movement was initially confined to the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire, in the territory of the patriarchates of Antioch and Jerusalem. Syriac Orthodox Chris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael The Syrian
Michael the Syrian (),(), died AD 1199, also known as Michael the Great () or Michael Syrus or Michael the Elder, to distinguish him from his nephew, was a patriarch of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1166 to 1199. He is best known today as the author of the largest medieval ''Chronicle'', which he wrote in the Syriac language. Some other works and fragments written by him have also survived. Life Early years The life of Michael is recorded by Bar Hebraeus. He was born ca. 1126 in Melitene (today Malatya), the son of the Priest Eliya (Elias), of the Qindasi family. His uncle, the monk Athanasius, became bishop of Anazarbus in Cilicia in 1136. At that period Melitene was part of the kingdom of the Turkoman Danishmend dynasty, and, when that realm was divided in two in 1142, it became the capital of one principality. In 1178 it became part of the Sultanate of Rûm. The Jacobite monastery of Mor Bar Sauma was close to the town, and had been the patriarchal seat since the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bar Hebraeus
Gregory Bar Hebraeus (, b. 1226 - d. 30 July 1286), known by his Syriac ancestral surname as Barebraya or Barebroyo, in Arabic sources by his kunya Abu'l-Faraj, and his Latinized name Abulpharagius in the Latin West, was a Maphrian (regional primate) of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1264 to 1286. He was a prominent writer, who created various works in the fields of Christian theology, philosophy, history, linguistics, and poetry. For his contributions to the development of Syriac literature, has been praised as one of the most learned and versatile writers among Syriac Orthodox Christians. In his numerous and elaborate treatises, he collected as much contemporary knowledge in theology, philosophy, science and history as was possible in 13th century Syria. Most of his works were written in Classical Syriac language. He also wrote some in Arabic, which was the common language in his day. Name It is not clear when Bar Hebraeus adopted the Christian name Gregory ( ''Grig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Gaugamela
The Battle of Gaugamela ( ; ), also called the Battle of Arbela (), took place in 331 BC between the forces of the Ancient Macedonian army, Army of Macedon under Alexander the Great and the Achaemenid Army, Persian Army under Darius III, King Darius III. It was the second and final battle between the two kings, and is considered to be the final blow to the Achaemenid Empire, resulting in its complete conquest by Alexander. The fighting took place in Gaugamela, a village on the banks of the river Khazir River, Bumodus, north of Arbela (modern-day Erbil, in Iraqi Kurdistan). Despite being heavily outnumbered, the Army of Macedon emerged victorious due to the employment of superior tactics and the clever usage of light infantry forces. It was a decisive victory for the League of Corinth, and it led to the fall of the Achaemenid Empire and of Darius III. Background In November 333 BC, Darius III, King Darius III had lost the Battle of Issus to Alexander the Great, which res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tel Keppe
Tel Keppe ( ', ', alternatively spelled Tel Kaif, Tilkepe, or Telkef) is a town in northern Iraq. It is located in the Nineveh Governorate, less than 8 mi (13 km) northeast of Mosul.Welcome to Tel Keppe at ChaldeansOnline http://www.chaldeansonline.org/telkeppe/ The people who descend from the village of Tel Keppe are ethnic Assyrians, who are indigenous to the village and the Nineveh Plains. The majority of Assyrians from the village adhere to the Chaldean Catholic Church, and due to its influences, many Telkepnayeh hold a strong Chaldean identity. Etymology The name Tel Keppe ( Syriac: ܬܸܠ ܟܹܐܦܹܐ) is of Assyrian Aramaic origin and derives from the words ''til'' meaning "hill of", and ''kēpē'' meaning "stones". Therefore, the town's name translates to "hill of stones". History The first reliable reference to the town is written in the book ''The History of Mosul'', by Abu Zakaria Azidi. The book was released in 945 AD and he wrote about the history of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syriac Orthodox Dioceses
In the period of its greatest expansion, in the tenth century, the Syriac Orthodox Church had around 20 Metropolitan bishop, metropolitan dioceses and a little over a hundred Suffragan bishop, suffragan dioceses. By the seventeenth century, only 20 dioceses remained, reduced in the twentieth century to 10. The seat of List of Syriac Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch, Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch was at Mardin before the First World War, and thereafter in Mor Hananyo Monastery, Deir Zaʿfaran, from 1932 in Homs, and finally from 1959 in Damascus. Syriac Orthodox Church before the Arab invasions When the Syriac Orthodox movement began in the sixth century, the Christian world was organised into Pentarchy (Christianity), five patriarchates: Rome, Constantinople, Antioch, Alexandria and Jerusalem. The Syriac Orthodox movement was initially confined to the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire, in the territory of the patriarchates of Antioch and Jerusalem. Syriac Orthodox Chris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
