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Graver Tank
Graver may refer to: * Burin (engraving) (French ''burin'', "cold chisel"), a tool used in the art of engraving * Graver (surname) Graver is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Andy Graver (1927–2014), English footballer *Elizabeth Graver (born 1964), American writer *Fred Graver, American writer *Fred Graver (footballer) *Gary Graver (1938–2006), American ..., an older English name, still common * Graver basis * a neologism derived from "goth" and "raver", primarily used as an alternative term for Cybergoth {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burin (engraving)
A burin ( ) is a steel cutting tool used in engraving, from the French language, French ''burin'' (cold chisel). Its older English name and synonym is graver. Etymology The term ''burin'' refers to a tool used by engravers that has a thin, pointed blade and is used to etch or cut. The first known use of the word dates back to France in the mid-1600s, when the term was coined for the tool we know today. Design The burin consists of a rounded handle shaped like a mushroom, and a tempered steel shaft coming from the handle at an angle and ending in a very sharp cutting face, creating a "V"-shaped groove in a printing plate of soft metal, classically copper. The most ubiquitous types have a square or lozenge face, but there are many others. A tint burin has a square face with teeth, to create many fine, closely spaced lines. Stippling, Stipple techniques can be done with many flicks of a conventional burin, and this was the earliest technique used. Later wheeled tools called ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graver (surname)
Graver is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Andy Graver (1927–2014), English footballer *Elizabeth Graver (born 1964), American writer *Fred Graver, American writer *Fred Graver (footballer) *Gary Graver (1938–2006), American film director *Kjersti Graver (1945–2009), Norwegian jurist See also *Kesner-Graver {{surname, Graver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graver Basis
In applied mathematics, Graver bases enable iterative solutions of linear and various nonlinear integer programming problems in polynomial time. They were introduced by Jack E. Graver.Jack E. Graver: On the foundations of linear and linear integer programming, Mathematical Programming 9:207–226, 1975 Their connection to the theory of Gröbner bases was discussed by Bernd Sturmfels. Bernd Sturmfels, ''Gröbner Bases and Convex Polytopes'', American Mathematical Society, xii+162 pp., 1996 The algorithmic theory of Graver bases and its application to integer programming is described by Shmuel Onn.Shmuel onn ''Nonlinear Discrete Optimization'' |
