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Graphics Core Next
Graphics Core Next (GCN) is the codename for a series of microarchitectures and an instruction set architecture that were developed by AMD for its GPUs as the successor to its TeraScale microarchitecture. The first product featuring GCN was launched on January 9, 2012. GCN is a reduced instruction set SIMD microarchitecture contrasting the very long instruction word SIMD architecture of TeraScale. GCN requires considerably more transistors than TeraScale, but offers advantages for general-purpose GPU (GPGPU) computation due to a simpler compiler. GCN graphics chips were fabricated with CMOS at 28 nm, and with FinFET at 14 nm (by Samsung Electronics and GlobalFoundries) and 7 nm (by TSMC), available on selected models in AMD's Radeon HD 7000, HD 8000, 200, 300, 400, 500 and Vega series of graphics cards, including the separately released Radeon VII. GCN was also used in the graphics portion of Accelerated Processing Units (APUs), including those in the PlayStation ...
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GameCube
The is a PowerPC-based home video game console developed and marketed by Nintendo. It was released in Japan on September 14, 2001, in North America on November 18, 2001, in Europe on May 3, 2002, and in Australia on May 17, 2002. It is the successor to the Nintendo 64. As a Sixth generation of video game consoles, sixth-generation console, the GameCube primarily competed with Sony Interactive Entertainment, Sony's PlayStation 2, Sega's Dreamcast and Microsoft's Xbox (console), Xbox. Nintendo began developing the GameCube in 1998 after entering a partnership with ArtX to design a graphics processing unit. The console was formally announced under the codename "Dolphin" the following year, and was released in 2001 as the GameCube. It is Nintendo's first console to use Nintendo optical discs, its own optical discs instead of ROM cartridges, supplemented by writable GameCube accessories#Memory cards, memory cards for saved games. Unlike its competitors, it is solely focused on gami ...
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GlobalFoundries
GlobalFoundries Inc. is a multinational semiconductor contract manufacturing and design company located in the Cayman Islands and headquartered in Malta, New York. Created by the divestiture of the manufacturing arm of AMD in March 2009, the company was privately owned by Mubadala Investment Company, a sovereign wealth fund of the United Arab Emirates, until an initial public offering (IPO) in October 2021. Mubadala remains the majority owner of the company with an 82% stake. The company manufactures integrated circuits on wafers designed for markets such as smart mobile devices, automotive, aerospace and defense, consumer internet of things (IoT) and for data centers and communications infrastructure. As of 2023, GlobalFoundries is the third-largest semiconductor foundry by revenue. It is the only one with operations in Singapore, the European Union, and the United States: one 200 mm and one 300 mm wafer fabrication plant in Singapore; one 300 mm plant in ...
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Xbox One
The Xbox One is a home video game console developed by Microsoft. Announced in May 2013, it is the successor to Xbox 360 and the third console in the Xbox#Consoles, Xbox series. It was first released in North America, parts of Europe, Australia, and South America in November 2013 and in Japan, China, and other European countries in September 2014. It is the first Xbox game console to be released in China, specifically in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone. Microsoft marketed the device as an "all-in-one entertainment system", hence the name "Xbox One". An Eighth generation of video game consoles, eighth-generation console, it mainly competed against Sony Interactive Entertainment, Sony's PlayStation 4 and Nintendo's Wii U and later the Nintendo Switch. Moving away from its predecessor's PowerPC-based Computer architecture, architecture, the Xbox One marks a shift back to the x86 architecture used in the Xbox (console), original Xbox; it features an AMD APU, Accelerated Processing U ...
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PlayStation 4 Technical Specifications
The PlayStation 4 technical specifications describe the various hardware components of the PlayStation 4 home video game console group. Multiple versions of this console have been released since the initial launch of the PlayStation 4, including the PlayStation 4 Slim and the PlayStation 4 Pro. Subsequent versions include changes to the technical specifications of the console. Versions The original released 420 GB HDD PS4s had manufacturer serial numbers of the form CUH-10''XX''A; a minor modification with a different form of Wi-Fi Microstrip antenna was registered in mid 2014 as part numbers CUH-11''XX''A. In 2015, the CUH-12 series as variants CUH-1215A and CUH-1215B (with 500 GB and 1 TB storage respectively) were certified in the US by the FCC. Differences between the CUH-11 and CUH-12 series included a reduction in rated power from 250 W to 230 W, a reduction in weight from 2.8 to 2.5 kg, and physical buttons. The CUH-12xx series are also r ...
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AMD Accelerated Processing Unit
AMD Accelerated Processing Unit (APU), formerly known as Fusion, is a series of 64-bit microprocessors from Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), combining a general-purpose AMD64 central processing unit ( CPU) and 3D integrated graphics processing unit (IGPU) on a single die. AMD announced the first generation APUs, ''Llano'' for high-performance and ''Brazos'' for low-power devices, in January 2011 and launched the first units on June 14. The second generation ''Trinity'' for high-performance and ''Brazos-2'' for low-power devices were announced in June 2012. The third generation ''Kaveri'' for high performance devices were launched in January 2014, while ''Kabini'' and ''Temash'' for low-power devices were announced in the summer of 2013. Since the launch of the Zen microarchitecture, Ryzen and Athlon APUs have released to the global market as Raven Ridge on the DDR4 platform, after Bristol Ridge a year prior. AMD has also supplied semi-custom APUs for consoles starting with the r ...
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Radeon RX Vega Series
The Radeon RX Vega series is a series of graphics processors developed by AMD. These GPUs use the Graphics Core Next (GCN) 5th generation architecture, codenamed Vega, and are manufactured on 14 nm FinFET technology, developed by Samsung Electronics and licensed to GlobalFoundries. The series consists of desktop graphics cards and APUs aimed at desktops, mobile devices, and embedded applications. The lineup was released on 14 August 2017. It included the RX Vega 56 and the RX Vega 64, priced at $399 and $499 respectively. These were followed by two mobile APUs, the Ryzen 2500U and Ryzen 2700U, in October 2017. February 2018 saw the release of two desktop APUs, the Ryzen 3 2200G and the Ryzen 5 2400G, and the Ryzen Embedded V1000 line of APUs. In September 2018 AMD announced several Vega APUs in their Athlon line of products. Later in January 2019, the Radeon VII was announced based on the 7nm FinFET node manufactured by TSMC. History The Vega microarchitecture was AMD's hi ...
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Radeon RX 500 Series
The Radeon 500 series is a series of graphics processors developed by AMD. These cards are based on the fourth iteration of the Graphics Core Next architecture, featuring GPUs based on Polaris 30, Polaris 20, Polaris 11, and Polaris 12 chips. Thus the RX 500 series Rebranding, uses the same microarchitecture and instruction set as its predecessor, while making use of improvements in the manufacturing process to enable higher clock rates. Third-generation GCN chips are produced on a 28 nm process, 28 nm CMOS process. Polaris (fourth-generation GCN) chips (except for Polaris 30) are produced on a 14 nm process, 14 nm FinFET process, developed by Samsung Electronics and licensed to GlobalFoundries. Polaris 30 chips are produced on a 12 nm FinFET process, developed by Samsung and GlobalFoundries. Chipset table Supported display standards The series support DisplayPort 1.4 HBR, HDMI#Version 2.0, HDMI 2.0b, and HDR10 color. Digital Visual Interface, Dual-Link DVI-D ...
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Radeon RX 400 Series
The Radeon 400 series is a series of graphics processors developed by AMD. These cards were the first to feature the Polaris GPUs, using the new 14 nm FinFET manufacturing process, developed by Samsung Electronics and licensed to GlobalFoundries. The Polaris family initially included two new chips in the Graphics Core Next (GCN) family (Polaris 11 and Polaris 12). Polaris implements the 4th generation of the Graphics Core Next instruction set, and shares commonalities with the previous GCN microarchitectures. Naming The RX prefix is used for cards that offer over 1.5 teraflops of performance and 80 GB/s of memory throughput (with memory compression), and achieve at least 60 FPS at 1080p in popular games such as ''Dota 2'' and ''League of Legends''. Otherwise, it will be omitted. Like previous generations, the first numeral in the number refers to the generation (4 in this case) and the second numeral in the number refers to the tier of the card, of which there are six. Tier 4 ...
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Radeon Rx 300 Series
The Radeon 300 series is a series of graphics processors developed by AMD. All of the GPUs of the series are produced in 28 nm format and use the Graphics Core Next (GCN) micro-architecture. The series includes the Fiji and Tonga GPU dies based on AMD's GCN 3 or "Volcanic Islands" architecture, which had originally been introduced with the Tonga based (though cut-down) R9 285 slightly earlier. Some of the cards in the series include the Fiji based flagship AMD Radeon R9 Fury X, cut-down Radeon R9 Fury and small form factor Radeon R9 Nano, which are the first GPUs to feature High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) technology, which AMD co-developed in partnership with SK Hynix. HBM is faster and more power efficient than GDDR5, GDDR5 memory, though also more expensive. However, the remaining GPUs in the series outside the Tonga based R9 380 and R9 380X are rebranding, based on previous generation GPUs with revised power management, and therefore only feature GDDR5 memory (something Tonga ...
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Radeon Rx 200 Series
The Radeon 200 series is a series of graphics processing unit, graphics processors developed by AMD. These GPUs are manufactured on a 28 nm Gate-Last process through TSMC or Common Platform Alliance. Release The Rx 200 series was announced on September 25, 2013, at the AMD GPU14 Tech Day event. Non-disclosure agreements were lifted on October 15, except for the R9 290X, and pre-orders opened on October 3. Architecture * Graphics Core Next 3 (Volcanic Islands) is found on the R9 285 (Tonga Pro) branded products. * Graphics Core Next 2 (Sea Islands) is found on R7 260 (Bonaire), R7 260X (Bonaire XTX), R9 290 (Hawaii Pro), R9 290X (Hawaii XT), and R9 295X2 (Vesuvius) branded products. * Graphics Core Next 1 (Southern Islands) is found on R9 270, 270X, 280, 280X, R7 240, 250, 250X, 265, and R5 240 branded products. * TeraScale (microarchitecture)#TeraScale 2, TeraScale 2 (VLIW5) (Northern Islands or Evergreen) is found on R5 235X and below branded products. * OpenGL 4.x complianc ...
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Radeon HD 8000 Series
The Radeon HD 8000 series is a family of computer GPUs developed by AMD Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California and maintains significant operations in Austin, Texas. AMD is a hardware and fabless company that de .... AMD was initially rumored to release the family in the second quarter of 2013, with the cards manufactured on a 28 nm process and making use of the improved Graphics Core Next architecture. However the 8000 series turned out to be an OEM rebadge of the 7000 series (although Bonaire is a GCN 2.0 based chip, thus being of newer development). Architecture The Radeon HD 7000 series was launched in 2011 and it marked AMD's shift from VLIW ( TeraScale) to RISC/SIMD architecture ( Graphics Core Next). The highend-mainstream cards were equipped with GCN-based chips while some of the mid-low end ones were just rebranded TeraScale-based cards. All of the GCN-b ...
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Radeon HD 7000 Series
The Radeon HD 7000 series, codenamed "Southern Islands", is a family of GPUs developed by AMD, and manufactured on TSMC's 28 nm process. The primary competitor of Southern Islands was Nvidia's GeForce 600 series (also manufactured at TSMC), which shipped during Q1 2012, largely due to the immaturity of the 28 nm process. Architecture Graphics Core Next was introduced with the Radeon HD 7000 series. *A GPU implementing Graphics Core Next is found on the Radeon HD 7730 and above branded discrete GPUs. *A GPU implementing TeraScale (microarchitecture) version " Evergreen (VLIW5)" is found on Radeon HD 7670 and below branded discrete GPUs. *A GPU implementing TeraScale (microarchitecture) version " Northern Islands (VLIW4)" is found on APUs whose GPUs are branded with the Radeon HD 7000 series. *OpenGL 4.x compliance requires supporting FP64 shaders. These are implemented by emulation on some TeraScale (microarchitecture) GPUs. * On Windows, Vulkan 1.0 requires GCN-A ...
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