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General People's Congress (Yemen)
The General People's Congress (GPC; ) is a political party in Yemen. It has been the ''de jure'' ruling party of Yemen since 1993, three years after unification. The party is dominated by a nationalist line, and its official ideology is Arab nationalism, seeking Arab unity. In the course of the Yemeni Civil War, the party's founder and Leader Ali Abdullah Saleh was killed, while the GPC fractured into three factions backing different sides in the conflict. History The party was established on 24 August 1982 in Sana'a, North Yemen, by President Ali Abdullah Saleh, becoming an umbrella organisation that sought to represent all political interests. Frank Tachau (1994) ''Political parties of the Middle East and North Africa'', Greenwood Press, p633 Following Yemeni unification in 1990, and with Saleh continuing as president of the united country, it emerged as the largest party in the 1993 parliamentary elections, winning 123 of the 301 seats. It went on to win a major ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General People's Congress (Libya)
The General People's Congress (, ''Mu'tammar al-sha'ab al 'âmm''), often abbreviated as the GPC, was the national legislature of Libya, during the existence of Muammar Gaddafi's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. It consisted of 2,700 representatives of the Basic People's Congresses (BPC). The GPC was the legislative forum that interacted with the General People's Committee (GPCO), whose members were secretaries of Libyan ministries. It notionally served as the intermediary between the masses and the leadership and was composed of the secretariats of some 600 local "basic popular congresses." The GPC secretariat and the cabinet secretaries were appointed by the GPC secretary general and confirmed by the annual GPC session. These cabinet secretaries were responsible for the routine operation of their ministries. The body was established in 1977, upon the adoption of the " Declaration on the Establishment of the Authority of the People". It was headed by the Secretary-General of the Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yemeni Unification
The Yemeni unification () took place on 22 May 1990, when the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (South Yemen) and the Yemen Arab Republic (North Yemen) united, forming the Republic of Yemen. Background (1918–1990) North Yemen became an independent Kingdom in the context of the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire in November 1918. Aden, in South Yemen, was administered as part of British India, and in 1937 became a British colony in its own right. The larger part of South Yemen was a British protectorate, effectively under colonial control. In one of the many proxy conflicts of the Cold War, a South Yemeni insurgency (with the support and backing of the Soviet Union) led by two nationalist parties revolted, causing the United Kingdom to unify the area and in 1967 to withdraw from its former colony. Following the North Yemen Civil War, the north overthrew the monarchy and established a Nasserist republican government led by a military junta that included tribal repr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2006 Yemeni Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Yemen on 20 September 2006, alongside local elections. Incumbent president Ali Abdullah Saleh of the General People's Congress was re-elected to a seven-year term with 77% of the vote, defeating opposition coalition candidate Faisal Bin Shamlan. Campaign Saleh had been president of modern Yemen since its reunification in 1990, and had previously been president of the Yemen Arab Republic from 1978 to 1990. He became Yemen's first directly elected president in 1999, winning more than 96% of the vote. On 17 July 2005, Saleh announced that he would not run for presidency in the 2006, later reconfirming his decision on 21 June 2006 when addressing fellow party members. His announcement sparked demonstrations urging Saleh to reverse his decision, as well as demonstrations urging Saleh to follow through with his decision. However, while addressing tens of thousands of supporters in Sana'a on 24 June 2006, Saleh rescinded his earlier decision stating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2003 Yemeni Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Yemen on 27 April 2003 to elect all 301 members of the House of Representatives (Yemen), House of Representatives for a six-year term. The elections had originally been scheduled to take place in 2001. The General People's Congress (Yemen), General People's Congress of President Ali Abdullah Saleh received 58% of the vote, increasing its majority in the parliament with 229 MPs. As of , these remain the most recent parliamentary elections in Yemen, as the country fell into Yemeni Civil War (2014–present), civil war eleven years later. Campaign The elections were conducted under a new electoral code, the General Elections and Referendum Law, which was adopted by Parliament in November 2000 and approved in a national referendum in February 2001. All 301 members of Parliament were elected from single-member constituencies using a first-past-the-post voting system. The official campaign period lasted from April 8 to April 26. Nineteen parties f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1999 Yemeni Presidential Election
Direct presidential elections were held in Yemen for the first time on 23 September 1999.Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I'', p301 Candidates had to be approved by at least 10% of the 301 members of the House of Representatives; however, in practice this meant that only two parties, the ruling General People's Congress (GPC) and al-Islah had enough seats to nominate their candidates. However, al-Islah backed the GPC candidate, incumbent President Ali Abdullah Saleh rather than running a candidate of their own. The only candidates that received approval from Parliament were Saleh and Najeeb Qahtan al-Shaabi, another member of the GPC. The main opposition candidate, Ali Saleh Obad of the Yemeni Socialist Party, failed to gain enough support in the House of Representatives; his party subsequently boycotted the elections. The reported voter turnout of 67% was contested by the opposition. Nominations Nominations f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yemeni Socialist Party
The Yemeni Socialist Party (, ''al-Hizb al-Ishtiraki al-Yamani'', YSP), officially the Socialist Party Organization (), is a Social democracy, social democratic List of political parties in Yemen, political party in Yemen. A successor of Yemen's National Liberation Front (South Yemen), National Liberation Front, it was the ruling party in South Yemen until Yemeni unification in 1990. Originally Marxism–Leninism, Marxist–Leninist, the party has gradually evolved into a Social democracy, social democratic opposition party in today's unified Yemen. History Aden Emergency and NLF In 1963, against the backdrop of the previous year's North Yemen civil war, revolution in North Yemen, the Aden Emergency, local uprising against United Kingdom, British Aden Colony, occupation spread to the Aden Protectorate. The British declared a state of emergency and tried to hold on to Aden for years, but eventually Withdrawal from Aden, withdrew in 1967, marking the birth of the independent S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1997 Yemeni Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Yemen on 27 April 1997 to elect all 301 members of the House of Representatives for a six-year term. The governing General People's Congress of President Ali Abdullah Saleh won a landslide victory, taking 187 of the 301 seats, although several opposition parties including the Yemeni Socialist Party boycotted the election alleging that the government had harassed and arrested their party workers. The main opposition party, al-Islah, attacked the government for not carrying out economic reforms and for corruption. Voter turnout was 61.0%.Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I'', p304 Campaign Of the 16 million people in Yemen about 4.6 million were registered to vote with about a quarter of them being women. However, only about 2.6 million people received their voting cards. Over 2,300 candidates, from 12 parties, competed for the 301 seats in the House of Representatives. Most ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1993 Yemeni Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Yemen on 27 April 1993, the first after Yemeni unification. The General People's Congress emerged as the largest party, winning 123 of the 301 seats. Voter turnout was 85%. Electoral system The country continued to use the electoral system of North Yemen, with the 301 members of Parliament elected in single-member constituencies by first-past-the-post voting.Nohlen ''et al''., p298 Results Performance of each Party File:1993 Yemeni parliamentary election results by governorate - GPC.svg, , alt=General People's Congress 1–10% 10–20% 20–30% 30–40% 40–50% File:1993 Yemeni parliamentary election results by governorate - YSP.svg, , alt=Yemen Socialist Party 1–10% 10–20% 20–30% 30–40% 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% File:1993 Yemeni parliamentary election results by governorate - Al-Islah.svg, File:1993 Y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frank Tachau
Frank Tachau (19 October 1929, Braunschweig, Germany – 23 July 2010, Sykesville, USA) was an American scholar of German descent. Scholars have noted that his work contributed to expanding the study of the Middle East into a comparative field. He was a lecturer and professor at several universities, including the University of Illinois. Early life and education Frank Tachau was born in Baunschweig into a Jewish family. His father was Paul Tachau and his mother Ilse Tachau. Some members of the family were rabbis involved in German politics. The family moved to the United States in 1936, eventually settling on Chicago's South Side. Tachau graduated from the Hyde Park Academy High School. He graduated with a BSc and eventually obtained an MSc in political sciences from the University of Chicago. He received his Ph.D in international relations from the same university in 1958. His dissertation focused on the "Diplomacy on the Turkish Straits between 1936 and 1942". Academ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umbrella Organisation
An umbrella organization is an association of (often related, industry-specific) institutions who work together formally to coordinate activities and/or pool resources. In business, political, and other environments, it provides resources and identities to the smaller organizations. In this kind of arrangement, it is sometimes responsible, to some degree, for the groups under its care. Umbrella organizations are prominent in cooperatives and in civil society, and can engage in advocacy or collective bargaining on behalf of their members. Examples * AFL–CIO and other national trade union centers * DD172 * Department of Public Safety * European Armenian Federation for Justice and Democracy * European Music Council * European Federation for Welding, Joining and Cutting (EWF) * Federation of Poles in Great Britain * Federation of Student Islamic Societies * Independent Sector * National Retail Federation * National Wrestling Alliance * Open Source Geospatial Foundation * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yemen Arab Republic
The Yemen Arab Republic (YAR; ', ), commonly known as North Yemen or Yemen (Sanaʽa), was a country that existed from 1962 until its Yemeni unification, unification with the South Yemen, People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (commonly known as South Yemen) in 1990, in the northwestern part of what is now Yemen.The United States extended diplomatic recognition to the Yemen Arab Republic (North Yemen) on 19 December 1962, ''The Times'', 20 December 1962. Its capital was at Sanaa, Sana'a. It bordered the South Yemen to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the north and Red Sea to the west, sharing maritime borders with Djibouti and the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. The Yemen Arab Republic was formed in 1962, when a coup in the capital Sanaa, Sana'a saw Nasserism, Nasserist military officers overthrow the Kingdom of Yemen, monarchy and proclaim a republic. The overthrow triggered an North Yemen civil war, 8-year civil war that ended with the defeat of the Monarchism, monarchi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sana'a
Sanaa, officially the Sanaa Municipality, is the ''de jure'' capital and largest city of Yemen. The city is the capital of the Sanaa Governorate, but is not part of the governorate, as it forms a separate administrative unit. At an elevation of , Sanaa is one of the highest capital cities in the world and is next to the Sarawat Mountains of Jabal An-Nabi Shu'ayb and Jabal Tiyal, considered to be the highest mountains in the Arabian Peninsula and one of the highest in the Middle East. Sanaa has a population of approximately 3,292,497 (2023), making it Yemen's largest city. As of 2020, the greater Sanaa urban area makes up about 10% of Yemen's total population. The Old City of Sanaa, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, has a distinctive architectural character, most notably expressed in its multi-story buildings decorated with geometric patterns. Al-Saleh Mosque, the largest in the country, is located in the southern outskirts of the city. According to the Yemeni constitution ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
