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Gauss–Kuzmin–Wirsing Operator
In mathematics, the Gauss–Kuzmin–Wirsing operator is the transfer operator of the Gauss map that takes a positive number to the fractional part of its reciprocal. (This is not the same as the Gauss map in differential geometry.) It is named after Carl Gauss, Rodion Kuzmin, and Eduard Wirsing. It occurs in the study of continued fractions; it is also related to the Riemann zeta function. Relationship to the maps and continued fractions The Gauss map The Gauss function (map) ''h'' is : :h(x)=1/x-\lfloor 1/x \rfloor. where \lfloor 1/x \rfloor denotes the floor function. It has an infinite number of jump discontinuities at ''x'' = 1/''n'', for positive integers ''n''. It is hard to approximate it by a single smooth polynomial. Operator on the maps The Gauss–Kuzmin–Wirsing operator G acts on functions f as : fx) = \int_0^1 \delta(x-h(y)) f(y) \, dy = \sum_^\infty \frac f \left(\frac \right). it has the fixed point \rho(x) = \frac, unique up to scaling, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Mathematics
Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes methods, Mathematical theory, theories and theorems that are developed and Mathematical proof, proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself. There are many areas of mathematics, which include number theory (the study of numbers), algebra (the study of formulas and related structures), geometry (the study of shapes and spaces that contain them), Mathematical analysis, analysis (the study of continuous changes), and set theory (presently used as a foundation for all mathematics). Mathematics involves the description and manipulation of mathematical object, abstract objects that consist of either abstraction (mathematics), abstractions from nature orin modern mathematicspurely abstract entities that are stipulated to have certain properties, called axioms. Mathematics uses pure reason to proof (mathematics), prove properties of objects, a ''proof'' consisting of a succession of applications of in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Bernoulli Shift
In mathematics, the Bernoulli scheme or Bernoulli shift is a generalization of the Bernoulli process to more than two possible outcomes. Bernoulli schemes appear naturally in symbolic dynamics, and are thus important in the study of dynamical systems. Many important dynamical systems (such as Axiom A systems) exhibit a repellor that is the product of the Cantor set and a smooth manifold, and the dynamics on the Cantor set are isomorphic to that of the Bernoulli shift. This is essentially the Markov partition. The term ''shift'' is in reference to the shift operator, which may be used to study Bernoulli schemes. The Ornstein isomorphism theorem shows that Bernoulli shifts are isomorphic when their Kolmogorov entropy, entropy is equal. Definition A Bernoulli scheme is a discrete-time stochastic process where each statistical independence, independent random variable may take on one of ''N'' distinct possible values, with the outcome ''i'' occurring with probability p_i, with ''i''&n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
