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G7e
The G7e torpedo was the standard electric torpedo used by the German ''Kriegsmarine'' submarines in World War II. It came in 20 different versions, with the initial model G7e(TII) in service at the outbreak of the war. Due to several problems, leading to the German "''Torpedokrise''" which lasted until the end of 1941, the improved G7e(TIII) took over as the standard electric torpedo used by German U-boats for the rest of the war. G7e torpedoes measured in diameter and about in length. Depending on the type, the warhead contained a main charge of of '' Schießwolle 36'', a mixture of dipicrylamine and TNT. All were powered by electric motors and lead-acid batteries which required onboard maintenance to maintain their functionality. Other major G7e-versions that saw operational service during the war, were the first acoustic homing torpedo G7es(TIV) ''Falke'' and its improved successor G7es(TV) ''Zaunkönig''. G7e(TII) The G7e(TII) went in service with German U-boat fleets in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of World War II Torpedoes Of Germany
List of World War II ''Kriegsmarine'' torpedoes ''Kriegsmarine'' torpedo designation system The first letter indicates the diameter: * G = 53 cm (21 in) * F = 45 cm (17.7 in) * H = 60 cm (23.7 in) * M = 75 cm (30 in) The number indicates the approximate length (for example, the length of the TI is 7163 mm): * 7 = 7 m * 6 = 6 m * 5 = 5 m Next letter(s) indicates specific features regarding propulsion and control: * a = Atem, i.e. Pressluft/Dampfgemisch-Antrieb (pressurized air/steam - "wetheater" - engine) * e = Elektrischer Antrieb (electric engine) * f = Fernlenkung (remote control by radio or cable) * d = Sauerstoff/Dampfgemisch-Antrieb (oxygen/steam engine) * p = Primärbatterie-Antrieb (primary battery propulsion) * m = Verbrennungsmaschine mit Kreislaufverfahren (combustion engine recirculating air) * u = Sauerstoffträger Ingolin spurenfreier Antrieb (oxygen/steam engine with hydrogen peroxide as source for air, and no exposing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British 21-inch Torpedo
There have been a number of 21-inch (53.3cm) torpedoes in service with the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom. Torpedoes of 21-inch calibre were the largest torpedoes in common use in the RN. They were used by surface ships and submarines; aircraft used smaller 18-inch torpedoes. Mark I The first British 21-inch torpedo came in two lengths, "Short" at , and "Long" at . The explosive charge was of guncotton, increased later to . The torpedoes were first deployed in the field in 1912 and primarily used by the s throughout most of their service during the First World War. Specifications: Mark I Short * Entered service: 1910 * Weight: * Length: * Explosive charge: Wet guncotton * Range and speed: at , at Mark I Long * Entered service: 1910 * Weight: * Length: * Explosive charge: Wet guncotton * Range and speed: at , at Mark II The Mark II, a prolific series of torpedoes used during the First World War, entered service in 1909. Development ran in parallel with t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
G7a Torpedo
The G7a(TI) was the standard issue ''Kriegsmarine'' torpedo introduced to service in 1934. It was a steam-powered design, using a wet heater engine burning decaline, with a range of at speed. In 1936, the Kriegsmarine's first electrical powered torpedo was introduced with the G7e(TII). It was replaced beginning in 1942 by the G7e(TIII). The G7a(TI) remained in service as the main torpedo of Kriegsmarine for the length of the war, being the only torpedo used from surface vessels, and alongside electric torpedoes on the uboats. Design The G7a(TI) torpedo was in diameter, in length (with a type Ka or Kb warhead and Pi1 or Pi2 pistol), the warhead holding a charge of approximately of Schießwolle 36. It was Kriegsmarine's first operational torpedo (hence "TI" = Torpedo number one), and the standard issue torpedo for all German U-boats and surface torpedo-bearing vessels from 1934 to the end of WW2. The torpedo was a straight-running unguided design, controlled by a gyrosc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese 53 Cm Torpedo
Numerous 53 cm (21-inch, 533 mm) torpedoes have been used by the Imperial Japanese Navy and its successor, the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, since their first development just before the First World War. Torpedoes of 21-inch caliber are the primary size category used worldwide. In Japan, they are used by surface ships and submarines, and comprise the predominant majority of submarine torpedoes; historically, aircraft and midget submarines used smaller Japanese 45 cm torpedo, 45 cm torpedoes, and surface ships additionally used Japanese 61 cm torpedo, 61 cm torpedoes. Japan also employs Japanese 32 cm torpedo, 32 cm torpedoes which conform to the NATO 12.75-inch (323.8 mm) standard; these are dedicated Anti-submarine warfare, ASW weapons, often delivered via aircraft. The 12.75 inch standard for light ASW torpedoes was originally defined by the dimensions of the Mark 46 torpedo. Prior to 6 October 1917, Imperial units, imperial measurements were used. After this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mark 24 Mine
The Mark 24 mine (also known as FIDO or Fido) is an air-dropped anti-submarine (ASW) acoustic torpedo developed by the United States during World War II; it was called a mine to conceal its capabilities. The torpedo entered service with the Allies in March 1943; the United States Navy (USN) used it until 1948. Approximately 4,000 were produced. Of the 340 deployed during the war, 204 were fired, sinking 37 and damaging 18 Axis submarines. Background The concept of the acoustic torpedo existed by World War I, but was impractical due to the insufficient understanding of underwater acoustics. Germany was developing electrically-driven acoustic torpedoes by 1933; the resulting G7e and G7es anti-ship torpedoes, running at a preset depth, entered service on submarines in 1943. The USN received a similar anti-ship torpedo, the Mark 28, in 1944. ASW torpedoes must detect and respond to greater changes in depth and azimuth than anti-ship torpedoes. FIDO was designed within the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mark 18 Torpedo
The Mark 18 torpedo was an electric torpedo used by the United States Navy during World War II. The Mark 18 was the first Battery (electricity), electric storage battery torpedo manufactured for the US Navy and it was designed primarily for use as a submarine-launched torpedo. Development The Mark 18 was built in competition with the Bureau of Ordnance electric torpedoes, which had been in development at the Naval Torpedo Station (NTS), Newport, Rhode Island, Newport, Rhode Island, since the 1920s,, p. 280 in particular the Mark 20 torpedo, Mark 20, originated in 1941 in collaboration with General Electric and Exide, Electric Storage Battery Company. In 1942, several German G7e electric torpedoes ran ashore, leading Chief of Naval Operations, CNO, Admiral Ernest J. King, to urge BuOrd to build an electric torpedo for the U.S. Navy's own submarines. BuOrd told NTS to get the Mark 20 in shape, or drop it in favor of a copy, with the primary emphasis being speed of introduct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
U-boat
U-boats are Submarine#Military, naval submarines operated by Germany, including during the World War I, First and Second World Wars. The term is an Anglicization#Loanwords, anglicized form of the German word , a shortening of (), though the German term refers to any submarine. Austro-Hungarian Navy submarines were also known as U-boats. U-boats are most known for their unrestricted submarine warfare in both world wars, trying to Commerce raiding, disrupt merchant traffic towards the UK and force the UK out of the war. In World War I, Germany intermittently waged unrestricted submarine warfare against the United Kingdom, UK: a first campaign in 1915 was abandoned after strong protests from the US but in 1917 the Germans, facing deadlock on the continent, saw no other option than to resume the campaign in February 1917. The renewed campaign failed to achieve its goal mainly because of the introduction of Convoys in World War I, convoys. Instead the campaign ensured final defeat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acoustic Homing
Acoustic homing is the process in which a system uses the sound or acoustic signals of a target or destination to guide a moving object. There are two types of acoustic homing: passive acoustic homing and active acoustic homing. Objects using passive acoustic homing rely on detecting acoustic emissions produced by the target. Conversely, objects using active acoustic homing make use of sonar to emit a signal and detect its reflection off the target. The signal detected is then processed by the system to determine the proper response for the object. Acoustic homing is useful for applications where other forms of navigation and tracking can be ineffective. It is commonly used in environments where radio or GPS signals can not be detected, such as underwater. History The idea of using sound for navigation and homing dates back centuries and has been developed over time, so the concept of acoustic homing can not be attributed to a single individual. Certain animals have always use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mark 14 Torpedo
The Mark 14 torpedo was the United States Navy's standard submarine-launched anti-ship torpedo of World War II. This weapon was plagued with many problems which crippled its performance early in the war. It was supplemented by the Mark 18 electric torpedo in the last two years of the war. From December 1941 to November 1943 the Mark 14 and the destroyer-launched Mark 15 torpedo had numerous technical problems that took almost two years to fix. After the fixes, the Mark 14 played a major role in the devastating blow U.S. Navy submarines dealt to the Japanese naval and merchant marine forces during the Pacific War. By the end of World War II, the Mark 14 torpedo was a reliable weapon ultimately remaining in service for almost 40 years in the U.S. Navy, and even longer with other navies. Development The design of the Mark 14 started in January 1931; the Navy allocated $143,000 for its development. The Mark 14 was to serve in the new "fleet" submari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kriegsmarine
The (, ) was the navy of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It superseded the Imperial German Navy of the German Empire (1871–1918) and the inter-war (1919–1935) of the Weimar Republic. The was one of three official military branch, branches, along with the and the , of the , the German armed forces from 1935 to 1945. In violation of the Treaty of Versailles, the grew rapidly during German rearmament, German naval rearmament in the 1930s. The 1919 treaty had limited the size of the German navy and prohibited the building of submarines. ships were deployed to the waters around Spain during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) under the guise of enforcing non-intervention in the Spanish Civil War, non-intervention, but in reality supporting the Francoist Spain, Nationalists against the Second Spanish Republic, Spanish Republicans. In January 1939, Plan Z, a massive shipbuilding programme, was ordered, calling for surface naval parity with the United Kingdom, British Royal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
