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Federal Ministry For Education And Research (Germany)
The Federal Ministry of Education and Research (german: link=no, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, ), abbreviated BMBF, is a cabinet-level ministry of Germany. It is headquartered in Bonn, with an office in Berlin. The Ministry provides funding for research projects and institutions (aiming for "research excellence") and sets general educational policy. It also provides student loans in Germany. However, a large part of educational policy in Germany is decided at the state level, strongly limiting the influence of the ministry in educational matters. History The ''Federal Ministry for Atomic Issues'' was established in 1955, concentrating on research in the peaceful use of nuclear energy. The ministry was renamed in 1962 to ''Federal Ministry of Scientific Research'', with a broader scope; it was renamed again, to ''Federal Ministry of Education and Science'', in 1969. A separate ministry, the ''Federal Ministry of Research and Technology'', was established in 1972. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonn
The federal city of Bonn ( lat, Bonna) is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, with a population of over 300,000. About south-southeast of Cologne, Bonn is in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ruhr region, Germany's largest metropolitan area, with over 11 million inhabitants. It is a university city and the birthplace of Ludwig van Beethoven. Founded in the 1st century BC as a Roman settlement in the province Germania Inferior, Bonn is one of Germany's oldest cities. It was the capital city of the Electorate of Cologne from 1597 to 1794, and residence of the Archbishops and Prince-electors of Cologne. From 1949 to 1990, Bonn was the capital of West Germany, and Germany's present constitution, the Basic Law, was declared in the city in 1949. The era when Bonn served as the capital of West Germany is referred to by historians as the Bonn Republic. From 1990 to 1999, Bonn served as the seat of government – but no longer capital – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konrad Adenauer
Konrad Hermann Joseph Adenauer (; 5 January 1876 – 19 April 1967) was a Germany, German statesman who served as the first Chancellor of Germany, chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany from 1949 to 1963. From 1946 to 1966, he was the first leader of the Christian Democratic Union (Germany), Christian Democratic Union (CDU), a Christian democratic, Christian-democratic party he co-founded, which became the dominant force in the country under his leadership. A devout Roman Catholic and member of the Catholic Centre Party (Germany), Centre Party, Adenauer was a leading politician in the Weimar Republic, serving as Mayor of Cologne (1917–1933) and as president of the Prussian State Council (1922–1933). In the early years of the Federal Republic, he switched focus from denazification to recovery, and led his country from the ruins of World War II to becoming a productive and prosperous nation that forged close relations with France, the United Kingdom and the United States ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Erhard Cabinet
The Second Erhard cabinet was the government of Germany between 26 October 1965 and 30 November 1966. Led by the Christian Democratic Union Ludwig Erhard Ludwig Wilhelm Erhard (; 4 February 1897 – 5 May 1977) was a German politician affiliated with the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), and chancellor of West Germany from 1963 until 1966. He is known for leading the West German postwar economic ..., the cabinet was a coalition between the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and the Free Democratic Party (FDP). Composition {{Free Democratic Party (Germany) Erhard II 1965 establishments in West Germany 1966 disestablishments in West Germany Cabinets established in 1965 Cabinets disestablished in 1966 Erhard II Ludwig Erhard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerhard Stoltenberg
Gerhard Stoltenberg (29 September 1928 – 23 November 2001) was a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and minister in the cabinets of Ludwig Erhard, Kurt Georg Kiesinger and Helmut Kohl. He served as Minister-President of Schleswig-Holstein from 1971 to 1982 and as President of the Bundesrat from 1977 to 1978. Life Early life and career Stoltenberg was born in Kiel in northern Germany. In 1944 he became a navy assistant (''HJ-Marinehelfer''), a Hitler Youth auxiliary in the Kriegsmarine. After the war, when he was no longer a prisoner of war, he completed his ''Abitur'' in 1949. Stoltenberg began studying history, sociology and philosophy at the University of Kiel. In 1954 he graduated as a Doctor of Philosophy and worked as an academic in Kiel. In 1960 he became a professor (''Privatdozent''). In the years 1965 and from 1969 to 1970, Stoltenberg was the director of Friedrich Krupp GmbH in Essen. Political career Since 1947 Stoltenberg had been mem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Erhard Cabinet
The First Erhard cabinet was the government of Germany between 17 October 1963 and 26 October 1965. Led by the Christian Democratic Union Ludwig Erhard, the cabinet was a coalition between the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and the Free Democratic Party (FDP). The Vice-Chancellor was the Free Democrat Erich Mende Erich Mende (28 October 1916 – 6 May 1998) was a German politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) and Christian Democratic Union (CDU). He was the leader of FDP from 1960 to 1968 and the vice-chancellor of West Germany from 1963 to 1966 ... (FDP). Composition {{Free Democratic Party (Germany) Erhard I 1963 establishments in West Germany 1965 disestablishments in West Germany Cabinets established in 1965 Cabinets disestablished in 1966 Erhard I Ludwig Erhard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Erhard
Ludwig Wilhelm Erhard (; 4 February 1897 – 5 May 1977) was a German politician affiliated with the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), and chancellor of West Germany from 1963 until 1966. He is known for leading the West German postwar economic reforms and economic recovery (''Wirtschaftswunder'', German for "economic miracle") in his role as Minister of Economic Affairs under Chancellor Konrad Adenauer from 1949 to 1963. During that period he promoted the concept of the social market economy (''soziale Marktwirtschaft''), on which Germany's economic policy in the 21st century continues to be based. In his tenure as Chancellor, however, Erhard lacked support from Adenauer, who remained chairman of the party until 1966, and failed to win the public's confidence in his handling of a budget deficit and his direction of foreign policy. His popularity waned, and he resigned his chancellorship on 30 November 1966. Early life Ludwig Erhard was born in Fürth, Kingdom of Bavaria on 4 Fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fourth Adenauer Cabinet
The Fourth Adenauer cabinet (German: ''Kabinett Adenauer IV'') was formed by incumbent Chancellor Konrad Adenauer after the 1961 federal election. The cabinet was sworn in on 14 November 1961. The Spiegel affair in 1962 caused the coalition to fall apart over Defence Minister Franz Josef Strauss' actions which violated press freedom, leading to all FDP ministers resigning in protest. As a result, the cabinet was a minority government of the CDU/CSU for just under a month in the fall of 1962 before Adenauer was able to convince the FDP to return to the coalition by assuring Strauß' resignation. Composition Shortly after the Spiegel affair, the resignation of Defence Minister Franz Josef Strauss was required to gain back the FDP's support for the cabinet, leading to a reshuffle. The heavily reshuffled cabinet is sometimes referred to as cabinet Adenauer V; however, this is not constitutionally correct, since no new election of the chancellor took place. The government still dr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Adenauer Cabinet
The Third Adenauer cabinet was formed by incumbent Chancellor Konrad Adenauer after the 1957 federal election. The cabinet was sworn in on 29 October 1957, and remained until it was succeeded by the fourth Adenauer cabinet The Fourth Adenauer cabinet (German: ''Kabinett Adenauer IV'') was formed by incumbent Chancellor Konrad Adenauer after the 1961 federal election. The cabinet was sworn in on 14 November 1961. The Spiegel affair in 1962 caused the coalition to ... on 17 October 1961. Composition References and notes * {{DEFAULTSORT:Adenauer III Coalition governments of Germany Historic German cabinets Cabinets established in 1957 Cabinets disestablished in 1961 1957 establishments in West Germany 1961 disestablishments in Germany C3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Adenauer Cabinet
The Second Adenauer cabinet led by Konrad Adenauer was sworn in on 20 October 1953 after the 1953 elections The following elections occurred in the year 1953. Africa * 1953 Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland election * 1953 South African general election * 1953 Southern Rhodesian federation referendum * 1953 South-West African legislative election .... It laid down its function after the formation of the Cabinet Adenauer III on 29 October 1957, which was formed following the 1957 elections. Composition , - References {{Free Democratic Party (Germany) Adenauer II Adenauer II 1953 establishments in West Germany 1957 disestablishments in West Germany Cabinets established in 1953 Cabinets disestablished in 1957 C2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
