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Euroscepticism In The Czech Republic
Euroscepticism, i.e. the opposition to policies of supranational European Union institutions and/or opposition to membership of the European Union, is a significant element in the politics of the Czech Republic, with several parties and political figures favouring leaving the union. According to a survey by CVVM in April 2016, 25% of Czechs were satisfied with European Union membership. History On 9 October 2009, during the Lisbon Treaty ratification, President Vaclav Klaus demanded a Czech opt-out from the Charter of Fundamental Rights included in the treaty, similar to the opt-outs that had been granted to the United Kingdom and Poland during negotiations in 2007. Klaus' demands caused consternation among other European leaders, as the treaty had already been ratified by both houses of the Czech parliament, and been signed by all other European leaders. Discussion of a withdrawal referendum On 30 June 2016, soon after a referendum on the issue took place in the United Kingdom, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euroscepticism
Euroscepticism, also spelled as Euroskepticism or EU-scepticism, is a political position involving criticism of the European Union (EU) and European integration. It ranges from those who oppose some EU institutions and policies, and seek reform (''Eurorealism'', ''Eurocritical'', or '' soft Euroscepticism''), to those who oppose EU membership and see the EU as unreformable (''anti-European Unionism'', ''anti-EUism'', or ''hard Euroscepticism''). The opposite of Euroscepticism is known as ''pro-Europeanism'', or ''European Unionism''. The main drivers of Euroscepticism have been beliefs that integration undermines national sovereignty and the nation state,''Euroscepticism or Europhobia: Voice vs Exit?'' |
Euro
The euro ( symbol: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of 19 out of the member states of the European Union (EU). This group of states is known as the eurozone or, officially, the euro area, and includes about 340 million citizens . The euro is divided into 100 cents. The currency is also used officially by the institutions of the European Union, by four European microstates that are not EU members, the British Overseas Territory of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, as well as unilaterally by Montenegro and Kosovo. Outside Europe, a number of special territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency. Additionally, over 200 million people worldwide use currencies pegged to the euro. As of 2013, the euro is the second-largest reserve currency as well as the second-most traded currency in the world after the United States dollar. , with more than €1.3 trillion in circulation, the euro has one of the highest combined values of banknotes and coins in ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free Citizens Party
Free may refer to: Concept * Freedom, having the ability to do something, without having to obey anyone/anything * Freethought, a position that beliefs should be formed only on the basis of logic, reason, and empiricism * Emancipate, to procure political rights, as for a disenfranchised group * Free will, control exercised by rational agents over their actions and decisions * Free of charge, also known as gratis. See Gratis vs libre. Computing * Free (programming), a function that releases dynamically allocated memory for reuse * Free format, a file format which can be used without restrictions * Free software, software usable and distributable with few restrictions and no payment * Freeware, a broader class of software available at no cost Mathematics * Free object ** Free abelian group ** Free algebra ** Free group ** Free module ** Free semigroup * Free variable People * Free (surname) * Free (rapper) (born 1968), or Free Marie, American rapper and media personali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dawn - National Coalition
Dawn is the time that marks the beginning of twilight before sunrise. It is recognized by the appearance of indirect sunlight being scattered in Earth's atmosphere, when the centre of the Sun's disc has reached 18° below the observer's horizon. This morning twilight period will last until sunrise (when the Sun's upper limb breaks the horizon), when direct sunlight outshines the diffused light. Etymology "Dawn" derives from the Old English verb ''dagian'', "to become day". Types of dawn Dawn begins with the first sight of lightness in the morning, and continues until the Sun breaks the horizon. This morning twilight before sunrise is divided into three categories depending on the amount of sunlight that is present in the sky, which is determined by the angular distance of the centre of the Sun ( degrees below the horizon) in the morning. These categories are ''astronomical'', ''nautical'', and ''civil dawn''. Astronomical dawn Astronomical dawn begins when the Sun is 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jana Bobošíková
Jana Bobošíková (born 29 August 1964) is a Czech politician. In the 2004 European Parliament election she was elected a Member of the European Parliament for the Independent Democrats and remained unaffiliated in the European Parliament. In the 2008 and 2013 presidential elections she unsuccessfully ran for the office as President of the Czech Republic. She founded Politika 21 in 2006 and the Suverenita party in 2009. Early life She was a member of the Socialist Union of Youth. In 2012, Czech media noticed that in a TV news report from June 1986, she passed a bouquet of roses to President Gustáv Husák, the Secretary-General of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. She later told Czech Television that it had been "an honor". In 1987 she graduated with a master's degree in economics. Career From 1989, Bobošíková presented TV programmes on politics and economics, spending most of her television career at Ceska Televize (CT). She was appointed Head of News in late ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czech Sovereignty
ČSSD – Czech Sovereignty of Social Democracy ( cs, ČSSD – Česká Suverenita sociální demokracie), until 29 June 2023 known as Czech Sovereignty ( cs, Česká suverenita), formerly also known Free Bloc ( cs, Volný blok) and Sovereignty – Jana Bobošíková Bloc ( cs, SUVERENITA - blok Jany Bobošíkové), is a small ultranationalist conservative Czech political party. Origins It was formed after the break-up of the electoral alliance ''Suverenita – blok Jany Bobošíkové, Strana zdravého rozumu'' between the Party of Common Sense (Strana zdravého rozumu) and Politika 21 (led by Jana Bobošíková, the conservative and Eurosceptic former MEP). It was formed in 2011 in Prague. Since January 2014 its leader is the former social democratic MP Jana Volfová. History of the electoral alliance ''Suverenita – blok Jany Bobošíkové, strana zdravého rozumu'' The Party of Common Sense took part in the 2002 election to the Chamber of Deputies three months af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of Bohemia And Moravia
The Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia ( cs, Komunistická strana Čech a Moravy, KSČM) is a communist party in the Czech Republic. As of 2021, KSČM has a membership of 28,715, and is a member party of The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL in the European Parliament, and an observer member of the European Left Party. Sources variously describe the party as either left wing or far left on the political spectrum. It is one of the few former ruling parties in post-Communist Central Eastern Europe to have not dropped the ''Communist'' title from its name, although it has changed its party program to adhere to laws adopted after 1989. For most of the first two decades after the Velvet Revolution, the party was politically isolated and accused of extremism, but it has moved closer to the Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD). After the 2012 Czech regional elections, KSČM began governing in coalition with the ČSSD in 10 regions. It has never been part of a govern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Conservatives And Reformists
The European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) is a soft Eurosceptic, anti- federalist political group of the European Parliament. The ECR is the parliamentary group of the European Conservatives and Reformists Party (ECR Party) European political party (formerly known as the ''Alliance of Conservatives and Reformists in Europe'' (2016–2019) or ''Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists'' (2009–2016), but also includes MEPs from four other European parties and thirteen MEPs without European party affiliation. Ideologically, the group is broadly eurosceptic, anti-federalist and right-wing. The main objective of the ECR is to oppose unchecked European integration, enlargement and potential evolution of the European Union (EU) into a Federal European Superstate on the basis of ''Eurorealism,'' and to ensure the EU does not heavily encroach on matters of state and domestic and regional decision making within EU member countries. It also advocates for free market ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Zahradil
Jan Zahradil (born 30 March 1963) is a Czech politician for the Civic Democratic Party (ODS) who has been Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since the Czech Republic entered the European Union in 2004. Zahradil also served as Member of the Chamber of Deputies (MP) from 1998 to 2004. A scientific researcher by profession, Zahradil entered politics during the Velvet Revolution. He was a member of the Federal Assembly of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic, before becoming an adviser to Prime Minister Václav Klaus. In 1998, he was elected to the national Chamber of Deputies. Three years later, he became Vice-Chairman of the ODS. Following an unsuccessful attempt to become Chairman in 2002, he was appointed First Vice-Chairman. From his election to the Chamber of Deputies until 2006 he was the ODS shadow minister for Foreign Affairs. He was appointed an MEP on the Czech Republic's accession to the EU, in May 2004, and was elected at the top of the ODS's list at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evžen Tošenovský
Evžen Tošenovský (born 26 February 1956) is a Czech politician. He was elected as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) in the 2009 European Parliament election receiving the largest number of preference votes. Tošenovský graduated from the VSB – Technical University of Ostrava in 1981. In 1993, he was elected mayor of Ostrava and remained in the office until 2000. From 2000 to 2008, Tošenovský served as governor of Moravian-Silesian Region. He's married and has two children. Tošenovský is also a recipient of numerous awards and decorations. In 2002, he was promoted to the rank of knight of the Légion d'honneur The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon .... He ran for president in the first direct presidential election. He participated in Civic democratic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Integration
European integration is the process of industrial, economic, political, legal, social, and cultural integration of states wholly or partially in Europe or nearby. European integration has primarily come about through the European Union and its policies. History In antiquity, the Roman Empire brought about integration of multiple European and Mediterranean territories. The numerous subsequent claims of succession of the Roman Empire, even the iterations of the Classical Empire and its ancient peoples, have occasionally been reinterpreted in the light of post-1950 European integration as providing inspiration and historical precedents. Of those in importance would have to include the Holy Roman Empire, the Hanseatic League, the Peace of Westphalia, the Napoleonic Empire, the Russian Empire, and the Unification of Germany, Italy, and The Balkans. Following the catastrophe of the First World War, thinkers and visionaries from a range of political traditions again began to flo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic)
The Civic Democratic Party ( cs, Občanská demokratická strana, ODS) is a liberal-conservative and soft eurosceptic political party in the Czech Republic. It holds 34 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, and is the second strongest party by number of seats following the 2021 election. It is the only political party in the Czech Republic that has always been represented in the Chamber of Deputies. Founded in 1991 as the pro-free market wing of the Civic Forum by Václav Klaus and modeled on the British Conservative Party, the ODS won the 1992 legislative election, and has remained in government for most of the Czech Republic's independence. In every legislative election (except for that of 2013) it emerged as one of the two strongest parties. Václav Klaus served as the first Prime Minister of the Czech Republic after the partition of Czechoslovakia, from 1993 to 1997. Mirek Topolánek, who succeeded him as leader of the party in December 2002, served as Prime Minister from 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
