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Excepted Service
The excepted service is the part of the United States federal civil service that is not part of either the competitive service or the Senior Executive Service. It allows streamlined hiring processes to be used under certain circumstances. Overview Most civilian positions in the federal government of the United States are part of the competitive service, where applicants must compete with other applicants in open competition under the merit system administered by the Office of Personnel Management. However, some positions are excluded from these provisions, and some agencies are composed entirely of excepted service positions. Agencies with excepted service positions may employ unique evaluation criteria, such as with research grade evaluation scientists, who are reviewed based on scientific output. Some agencies may use excepted service hiring authorities, such as Veterans Recruitment Appointment (VRA) or Schedule A (disability). Positions filled using these hiring authorities (an ...
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United States Federal Civil Service
The United States federal civil service is the civilian workforce (i.e., non-elected and non-military public sector employees) of the United States federal government's departments and agencies. The federal civil service was established in 1871 (). U.S. state and local government entities often have comparable civil service systems that are modeled on the national system to varying degrees. The U.S. civil service is managed by the Office of Personnel Management, which in December 2011 reported approximately 2.79 million civil servants employed by the federal government. This included employees in the departments and agencies run by any of the three branches of government (the executive branch, legislative branch, and judicial branch) and the over 600,000 employees of the U.S. Postal Service. Types of employees There are three categories of U.S. federal employees: * The ''competitive service'' includes the majority of civil service positions, meaning employees are selected base ...
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United States Foreign Service
The United States Foreign Service is the primary personnel system used by the diplomatic service of the United States federal government, under the aegis of the United States Department of State. It consists of over 13,000 professionals carrying out the foreign policy of the United States and aiding U.S. citizens abroad.Kopp and Gillespie, ''Career Diplomacy'', pp. 3-4 Created in 1924 by the Rogers Act, the Foreign Service combined all consular and diplomatic services of the U.S. government into one administrative unit. In addition to the unit's function, the Rogers Act defined a personnel system under which the United States secretary of state is authorized to assign diplomats abroad. Members of the Foreign Service are selected through a series of written and oral examinations. They serve at any of the United States diplomatic missions around the world, including embassies, consulates, and other facilities. Members of the Foreign Service also staff the headquarters ...
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Schedule Policy/Career Appointment
Schedule Policy/Career, commonly known by its former name Schedule F, is a job classification for appointments in the excepted service of the United States federal civil service for permanent policy-related positions. The purpose of the provision is to increase the president's control over the federal career civil service by removing their civil service protections and making them easier to dismiss, which proponents stated would increase flexibility and accountability to elected officials. It was widely criticized as providing a means to retaliate against federal officials for political reasons, impede the effective functioning of government, and creating risk to democracy. It has been estimated that tens or hundreds of thousands of career employees could be reclassified, increasing the number of political appointments by a factor of ten. The classification, then known as Schedule F, existed briefly at the end of the first Trump administration during 2020 and 2021, but was neve ...
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Whitehouse
Whitehouse may refer to: People * Charles S. Whitehouse (1921–2001), American diplomat * Cornelius Whitehouse (1796–1883), English engineer and inventor * E. Sheldon Whitehouse (1883–1965), American diplomat * Elliott Whitehouse (born 1993), English footballer * Eula Whitehouse (1892–1974), American botanist * Frederick William Whitehouse (1900–1973), Australian geologist * Jimmy Whitehouse (footballer, born 1924) (1924–2005), English footballer * Mary Whitehouse (1910–2001), British Christian morality campaigner * Morris H. Whitehouse (1878–1944), American architect * Paul Whitehouse (born 1958), Welsh comedian and actor * Paul Whitehouse (police officer) (born 1944) * Sheldon Whitehouse (born 1955), American politician from the state of Rhode Island * Wildman Whitehouse (1816–1890), English surgeon and chief electrician for the transatlantic telegraph cable Places ;in the United Kingdom * Whitehouse, Aberdeenshire, location of the Whitehouse ...
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NARA
The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an independent agency of the United States government within the executive branch, charged with the preservation and documentation of government and historical records. It is also tasked with increasing public access to those documents that make up the National Archives. NARA is officially responsible for maintaining and publishing the legally authentic and authoritative copies of acts of Congress, presidential directives, and federal regulations. NARA also transmits votes of the Electoral College to Congress. It also examines Electoral College and constitutional amendment ratification documents for prima facie legal sufficiency and an authenticating signature. The National Archives, and its publicly exhibited Charters of Freedom, which include the original United States Declaration of Independence, Constitution of the United States, United States Bill of Rights, Emancipation Proclamation (starting in 2026), and ...
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Administrative Law Judge
An administrative law judge (ALJ) in the United States is a judge and trier of fact who both presides over trials and adjudicates claims or disputes involving administrative law, thus involving administrative units of the executive branch of government. ALJs can administer oaths, take testimony, rule on questions of evidence, and make factual and legal determinations. In the United States, the United States Supreme Court has recognized that the role of a federal administrative law judge is "functionally comparable" to that of an Article III judge. An ALJ's powers are often, if not generally, comparable to those of a trial judge, as ALJs may issue subpoenas, rule on proffers of evidence, regulate the course of the hearing, and make or recommend decisions. Depending upon the agency's jurisdiction, proceedings may have complex multi-party adjudication, as is the case with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, or simplified and less formal procedures, as is the case with th ...
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Presidential Management Fellows Program
The Presidential Management Fellows (PMF) Program was a two-year training and leadership development program at a United States government agency, administered by the Office of Personnel Management, U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM), for advanced degree holders (both current and recent graduates). After completing the program, agencies may convert PMFs to permanent federal civilian employees. The program started in 1977, was renamed in 2003, and abolished in 2025. History The PMF Program was established by Executive Order in 1977, and amended by in 2003, to attract to the federal service outstanding citizen-scholars from a variety of academic disciplines and career paths who have a clear interest in, and commitment to, excellence in the leadership and management of public policies and programs. Program regulations were amended again in December 2010 establishing the PMF Program as one of the three student Pathways to federal employment. By drawing graduate students from ...
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Pathways Programs
The Pathways Programs are a series of programs of the U.S. Office of Personnel Management geared toward inviting talented students and recent graduates into federal employment. The programs were instituted as a result of an executive order signed in 2010, which incorporated both preexisting and new programs. Programs People selected through the programs are appointed as Schedule D appointments in the excepted service of the United States federal civil service, defined as those where competitive service requirements "make impracticable the adequate recruitment of sufficient numbers". Internship Program The Internship Program is for current students. It replaced the Student Career Experience Program (SCEP) and Student Temporary Employment Program (STEP). The new Internship Program provides students in high schools, colleges, trade schools and other qualifying educational institutions with paid opportunities to work in agencies and explore Federal careers while completing their ...
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Schedule C Appointment
A Schedule C appointment is a type of political appointment in the United States for confidential or policy roles immediately subordinate to other appointees. , there were 1,403 Schedule C appointees. Most of these are confidential assistants, policy experts, special counsels, and schedulers, although about 500 of them are non-policy support roles. Schedule C appointments were created in 1956 and are part of the excepted service. Characteristics Schedule C appointments are considered to be the lowest level of political appointments. George H. W. Bush strategist Lee Atwater was said to have believed strongly in rewarding young campaign staffers with Schedule C positions. The immediate supervisor of a Schedule C position must be a presidential appointee, member of the Senior Executive Service, or another Schedule C appointee. Schedule C positions generally, but not always, are on the top end of the General Schedule pay scale at the GS-12 through GS-15 levels. Schedule C ...
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United States Office Of Personnel Management
The United States Office of Personnel Management (OPM) is an independent agency of the United States government that manages the United States federal civil service. The agency provides federal human resources policy, oversight, and support, and tends to healthcare ( FEHB), life insurance ( FEGLI), and retirement benefits ( CSRS and FERS, but not TSP) for federal government employees, retirees, and their dependents. OPM is headed by a director, who is nominated by the president. As of January 20, 2025, Charles Ezell is acting director. History The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883 created OPM's predecessor, the United States Civil Service Commission. On January 1, 1979, the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 and Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1978 took effect, dissolving the Commission and assigning most of its former functions—except the federal employees appellate function—to new agencies, with most assigned to the newly created U.S. Office of Personnel Managemen ...
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United States Congress
The United States Congress is the legislature, legislative branch of the federal government of the United States. It is a Bicameralism, bicameral legislature, including a Lower house, lower body, the United States House of Representatives, U.S. House of Representatives, and an Upper house, upper body, the United States Senate, U.S. Senate. They both meet in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. Members of Congress are chosen through direct election, though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a Governor (United States), governor's appointment. Congress has a total of 535 voting members, a figure which includes 100 United States senators, senators and 435 List of current members of the United States House of Representatives, representatives; the House of Representatives has 6 additional Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives, non-voting members. The vice president of the United States, as President of the Senate, has a vote in the Senate ...
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Senior Executive Service
The Senior Executive Service (SES) is a position classification in the United States federal civil service equivalent to general officer or flag officer rank in the U.S. Armed Forces. It was created in 1979 when the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 went into effect under President Jimmy Carter. Characteristics According to the Office of Personnel Management, the SES was designed to be a corps of executives selected for their leadership qualifications, serving in key positions just below the top presidential appointees as a link between them and the rest of the federal (civil service) workforce. SES positions are considered to be above the GS-15 level of the General Schedule, and below Level III of the Executive Schedule. Career members of the SES ranks are eligible for the Presidential Rank Awards program. Up to 10% of SES positions can be filled as political appointments rather than by career employees. About half of the SES is designated "Career Reserved", which ca ...
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