Essai Sur Le Remplacement Militaire
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Essai Sur Le Remplacement Militaire
Essai may refer to: * Essai (coin), an alternative term for a pattern coin * Essaï Altounian, French Armenian singer See also * Neauphe-sous-Essai, a commune in the Orne department in north-western France. * Studio d'Essai, later called Club d'Essai, a center for the Resistance movement in French radio and, later, a center of musical activity * {{disambig ...
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Essai (coin)
A pattern coin is a coin which has not been approved for release, but produced to evaluate a proposed coin design. They are often off-metal strike (using metals of lower value to test out the dies), to proof standard or piedforts. Many coin collectors collect and study pattern coins because of their historical importance. Many of the world's most valuable coins are pattern coins; nearly 25 of the pieces listed in ''100 Greatest US Coins'' are pattern coins. English patterns The first English coin that can be identified with certainty is a groat, originally worth fourpence. This piece, an example of which was illustrated and sold in the Dodsley Cuff sale of the mid-19th century, had crowns in place of the usual three pellets in each quarter of the reverse. Patterns are particularly identifiable and exist in larger numbers from the reign of Elizabeth I onwards. The experimental base metal issues of all coinage prior to the mid-18th century have been well preserved. Boulton's ...
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Essaï Altounian
Essaï Altounian (; born November 5, 1980), sometimes credited as simply Essaï, is a French-Armenian artist. Biography Essaï Altounian was born on November 5, 1980, in Paris, France. His grandparents escaped from Kharpet during the Armenian genocide. Essaï was a law student at Jean Monnet University. He decided to drop out and focus on his passion for music after joining the French soul and R&B group Ideal-3. His first single was "Pardonne Moi" in 1999. His first performance was for the French television program Le monde est à Vous. At the age of twenty, Altounian signed a solo contract with Mercury Universal. This contract produced two singles " Encore une chance " and "C'est ainsi" . He has worked for the French channel TF1 since 1998 and has composed multiple songs for TV programs and shows. For the theater, he composed music for Anthony Kavanagh's One Man Show, as well as several songs for "Ma femme s'appelle Maurice" by Raffy Shart. Career Essaï composed his f ...
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Neauphe-sous-Essai
Neauphe-sous-Essai (, literally ''Neauphe under Essai'') is a commune in the Orne department in north-western France. See also *Communes of the Orne department The following is a list of the 381 communes of the Orne department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):


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Neauphesousessai {{Alençon-geo-stub ...
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