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En With Hook
En with hook (Ӈ ӈ; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is derived from the Cyrillic letter En (Н н) by adding a hook to the right leg. En with hook commonly represents the voiced velar nasal , like the pronunciation of in "sing", in Uralic languages. Usage En with hook is used in the alphabets of a number of languages of Siberia, including all the Chukotko-Kamchatkan and Samoyedic languages: Chukotko-Kamchatkan languages * Chukchi * Koryak * Kerek * Alyutor * Itelmen Uralic languages Several Uralic languages use the en with hook. These include: Samoyedic languages * Enets * Tundra Nenets * Forest Nenets * Nganasan * Selkup Other Uralic languages *Kildin Sami *Khanty *Mansi Tungusic languages * Even * Evenki * Nanai * Negidal * Oroch * Orok * Udege * Ulch Eskimo–Aleut languages *Aleut * Chaplino dialect Other languages * Ket *Nivkh Computing codes En with Hook has different unicodes for capital and small letters. See also *Ң ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Cyrillic
The Cyrillic script ( ) is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia. It is the designated national script in various Slavic, Turkic, Mongolic, Uralic, Caucasian and Iranic-speaking countries in Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, North Asia, and East Asia, and used by many other minority languages. , around 250 million people in Eurasia use Cyrillic as the official script for their national languages, with Russia accounting for about half of them. With the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union on 1 January 2007, Cyrillic became the third official script of the European Union, following the Latin and Greek alphabets. The Early Cyrillic alphabet was developed during the 9th century AD at the Preslav Literary School in the First Bulgarian Empire during the reign of Tsar Simeon I the Great, probably by the disciples of the two Byzantine brothers Cyril and Methodius, who had previously created the Gl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nganasan Language
The Nganasan language (formerly called , ''tavgiysky'', or , ''tavgiysko-samoyedsky'' in Russian; from the ethnonym , ''tavgi'') is a Endangered language, moribund Samoyedic languages, Samoyedic language spoken by about 30 of the Nganasan people. It is notable for its unusual characteristics among the Samoyedic languages, as well among the greater Uralic languages. Classification Nganasan is the most divergent language of the Samoyedic languages, Samoyedic branch of the Uralic languages, Uralic language family (Janhunen 1998). There are two main dialects, Avam (, ) and Vadeyev (). A part of the vocabulary can be traced to elements of unknown substrate origin, which are roughly twice as common in Nganasan than in other Samoyedic languages such as Nenets languages, Nenets or Enets language, Enets, and bear no apparent resemblance to the neighboring Tungusic languages, Tungusic and Yukaghir languages. The source of this substrate remains a mystery so far. It is possible that this sub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ulch Language
The Ulch language, or ''Olcha'', is a Tungusic languages, Tungusic language spoken by the Ulch people in the Russian Far East. The language is Endangered language, moribund, with only 150 speakers (2010 census). Phonology Vowels * Vowel length is also distributed. Consonants * [f] is a rare sound in native words. * /β ɡ/ have allophones of [w ɣ]. * /k x/ can become uvularized as [q χ] before vowels /a o/.Sunik, 1985 Alphabet In brackets are letters that are used in writing, though not officially included in the alphabet. References Bibliography * *Sunik, O. P. (1985). Ul'chskij jazyk: issledovanija i materially. Leningrad: Nauka, Leningradskoe Otdelenie. 262pp. External links * ELAR archive oEndangered Tungusic languages of Khabarovskij Kraj (including Ulcha) {{DEFAULTSORT:Ulch Language Agglutinative languages Critically endangered languages Languages of Russia Tungusic languages stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Udege Language
The Udege language (also Udihe language, Udekhe language, Udeghe language) is the language of the Udege people. It is a member of the Tungusic family. It is a moribund language, and classified as critically endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger. Ethnonyms Until the beginning of the 20th century, neither the Orochs, nor the Udeges, nor the Tazes, who were considered one ethnic group, had a common self-name, each group had its own territorial name. Ethnic identity was present rather "implicitly", i.e. when local autochthonous inhabitants were opposed to alien peoples (Chinese, Manchus, Koreans, etc.). For the first time, a common ethnonym for the Udeges, Orochs and Taz was given by Jean-François de Laperouse by the common ethnonym ''Orochons'' () for the indigenous population living along the coast of the Tatar Strait and the Sea of Japan, namely in the Gulf of De-Kastri in 1787 in time of his round-the-world trip. This name was in use in lit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Orok Language
Uilta (, also called Ulta, Ujlta, or Orok) is a Tungusic language spoken in the Poronaysky District, Poronaysky and Nogliksky District, Nogliksky administrative divisions of Sakhalin Oblast, Administrative Divisions of Sakhalin Oblast, in the Russia, Russian Federation, by the Uilta people. The northern Uilta who live along the river of Tym’ and around the village of Val have reindeer herding as one of their traditional occupations. The southern Uilta live along the Poronay near the city of Poronaysk. The two dialects come from the northern and eastern groups, however, they have very few differences. Classification Uilta is closely related to Nanai language, Nanai, and is classified within the southern branch of the Tungusic languages. Classifications which recognize an intermediate group between the northern and southern branch of Tungusic languages, Manchu-Tungus classify Uilta (and Nanai language, Nanai) as Central Tungusic. Within Central Tungusic, Glottolog groups Uilta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Oroch Language
The Oroch language is an extinct language spoken by the Oroch people in Siberia. It is a member of the southern group of the Tungusic languages and is closely related to the Nanai language and Udege language. It was spoken in the Khabarovsk Krai ( Komsomolsky, Sovetskaya Gavan, and Ulchsky districts). The language is split into three dialects: Tumninsky, Khadinsky, and Hungarisky. At the beginning of the 21st century, a written form of the language was created. The Russian government and the scientific field disagree on whether the language is living or extinct. The last active speaker died in 2008, but there are passive speakers who speak Oroch to varying degrees. Oroch belongs to the northern subgroup of the Tungusic languages, alongside Udege, its closest relative, and the Ewenic languages. It is believed that the Oroch language is the closest to Nanai, because a significant group of Nanai (Evenki) origin (Samagirs) joined the Orochs. Until the beginning of the 20th ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Negidal Language
Negidal (also spelled Neghidal) is a language of the Tungusic family spoken in the Russian Far East, mostly in Khabarovsk Krai, along the lower reaches of the Amur River The Amur River () or Heilong River ( zh, s=黑龙江) is a perennial river in Northeast Asia, forming the natural border between the Russian Far East and Northeast China (historically the Outer and Inner Manchuria). The Amur ''proper'' is .... Negidal belongs to the Northern branch of Tungusic, together with Evenki and Even. It is particularly close to Evenki, to the extent that it is occasionally referred to as a dialect of Evenki. Language status According to the Russian Census of 2002, there were 567 Negidals, 147 of which still spoke the language. The Russian Census of 2010 reported lower speaker numbers, with only 19 of 513 ethnic Negidals reported to still speak the language. However, recent reports from the field reveal that the linguistic situation of Negidal is much worse than the censu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Nanai Language
The Nanai language (also called Gold, Goldi, or Hezhen) is spoken by the Nanai people in Siberia, and to a much smaller extent in China's Heilongjiang province, where it is known as Hezhe. The language has about 1,400 speakers out of 17,000 ethnic Nanai, but most (especially the younger generations) are also fluent in Russian or Chinese, and mostly use one of those languages for communication. Nomenclature In China, the language is referred to as ''Hèzhéyǔ'' ( Chinese: ). The Nanai people there variously refer to themselves as /na nio/, , /na nai/ (which all mean "local people"), , and , the last being the source of the Chinese ethnonym ''Hezhe''. Distribution The language is distributed across several distantly-located areas: * Middle/lower Amur dialects (Naykhin, Dzhuen, Bolon, Ekon, etc.): the areas along the Amur River below Khabarovsk (Nanai, Amursk, Solnechny and Komsomolsk districts of Khabarovsk Krai); * Kur-Urmi dialect: the area around the city of Khabarovsk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Evenki Language
Evenki ( ), formerly known as Tungus, is the largest member of the northern group of Tungusic languages, a group which also includes Even, Negidal, and the more closely related Oroqen language. The name is sometimes wrongly given as "Evenks". It is spoken by the Evenki or Ewenkī(s) in Russia and China. In certain areas the influences of the Yakut and the Buryat languages are particularly strong. The influence of Russian in general is overwhelming (in 1979, 75.2% of the Evenkis spoke Russian, rising to 92.7% in 2002). Evenki children were forced to learn Russian at Soviet residential schools, and returned with a "poor ability to speak their mother tongue...". The Evenki language varies considerably among its dialects, which are divided into three large groups: the northern, the southern and the eastern dialects. These are further divided into minor dialects. A written language was created for Evenkis in the Soviet Union in 1931, first using a Latin alphabet, and from 1937 a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Even Language
Even , also known as Lamut, Ewen, Eben, Orich, Ilqan (, historically also ), is a Tungusic language spoken by the Evens in Siberia. It is spoken by widely scattered communities of reindeer herders from Kamchatka and the Sea of Okhotsk in the east to the Lena river in the west and from the Arctic coast in the north to the Aldan river in the south. Even is an endangered language with only some 5,700 speakers (Russian census, 2010). These speakers are specifically from the Magadan region, the Chukot region and the Koryak region. In the regions where the Evens primarily reside, the Even language is generally taught in pre-school and elementary school alongside the national language, Russian. Where Even functioned primarily as an oral language for communication between reindeer herding brigades, textbooks began circulating throughout these educational institutions from around 1925 to 1995. The syntax of the Even language follows the nominative case and subject-object-verb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Tungusic Languages
The Tungusic languages (also known as Manchu–Tungus and Tungus) form a language family spoken in Eastern Siberia and Manchuria by Tungusic peoples. Many Tungusic languages are endangered. There are approximately 75,000 native speakers of the dozen living languages of the Tungusic language family. The term "Tungusic" is from an exonym for the Evenk people (Ewenki) used by the Yakuts ("tongus"). Classification Linguists working on Tungusic have proposed a number of different classifications based on different criteria, including morphological, lexical, and phonological characteristics. Some scholars have criticized the tree-based model of Tungusic classification and argue that the long history of contact among the Tungusic languages makes them better treated as a dialect continuum. The main classification is into a northern branch and a southern branch (Georg 2004) although the two branches have no clear division, and the classification of intermediate groups is debatable. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Mansi Language
The Mansi languages are spoken by the Mansi people in Siberia, Russia along the Ob River and its tributaries, in the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, and Sverdlovsk Oblast. Traditionally considered a single language, they constitute a branch of the Ugric languages, within the broader Uralic language family. They are often considered most closely related to neighbouring Khanty and then to Hungarian. The base dialect of the Mansi literary language is the Sosva dialect, a representative of the northern language. Fixed word order is typical in Mansi. Adverbials and participles play an important role in sentence construction. In the 2020–2021 census, 2229 people claimed to speak Mansi natively. All current speakers use Northern Mansi, as the other variants have become extinct. Dialects Mansi is subdivided into four main dialect groups which are to a large degree mutually unintelligible, and therefore best considered four languages. A primary split can be set up b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
