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Empire Of Brazil
The Empire of Brazil was a 19th-century state that broadly comprised the territories which form modern Brazil and Uruguay until the latter achieved independence in 1828. The empire's government was a Representative democracy, representative Parliamentary system, parliamentary constitutional monarchy under the rule of Emperors Pedro I of Brazil, Pedro I and his son Pedro II of Brazil, Pedro II. A Colonial Brazil, colony of the Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil became the seat of the Portuguese Empire in 1808, when the Portuguese Prince regent, later King Dom João VI of Portugal, John VI, fled from Napoleon's Invasion of Portugal (1807), invasion of Portugal and Transfer of the Portuguese Court to Brazil, established himself and his government in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro. John VI later returned to Portugal, leaving his eldest son and heir-apparent, Pedro, to rule the Kingdom of Brazil as regent. On 7 September 1822, Pedro declared the independence of Brazil and, after waging ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Assembly (Brazil)
The General Assembly was the Bicameralism, bicameral parliament of the Empire of Brazil. Article 14 of the Brazilian Constitution of 1824, Imperial Constitution established the General Assembly, which consisted of the Chamber of Deputies (Brazil), Chamber of Deputies (lower house) and the Federal Senate (Brazil), Senate (upper house). Once the General Legislative Assembly had been convened, the first preparatory session of the Chamber of Deputies took place on April 29, 1826, and the opening session of the first legislature (joint meeting of the Chamber of Deputies and the Chamber of Senators) took place on May 6 of the same year. Assembly operations The Constitution already expressly provided the possibility of the two chambers meeting together. The first of these meetings was for the swearing in of the List of monarchs of Brazil, Emperor, as well as the Regency period (Empire of Brazil), Regents, when this was the case, due to the monarch being underage or interdicted. The el ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of Brazil
The national flag of Brazil is a blue disc depicting a starry sky (which includes the Crux, Southern Cross) spanned by a curved band inscribed with the List of national mottos, national motto ('Order and Progress'), within a yellow rhombus, on a green field. It was officially adopted on 19 November 1889, four days after the Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil), Proclamation of the Republic, to replace the flag of the Empire of Brazil. The concept was the work of Raimundo Teixeira Mendes, with the collaboration of , and Décio Villares. The green field and yellow rhombus from the previous imperial flag were preserved (though slightly modified in hue and shape). In the imperial flag, the green represented the House of Braganza of Pedro I of Brazil, Pedro I, the first List of monarchs of Brazil, Emperor of Brazil, while the yellow represented the House of Habsburg of his wife, Maria Leopoldina of Austria, Empress Maria Leopoldina. A blue circle with white five-pointed stars repl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliamentary
In modern politics and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing the government via hearings and inquiries. The term is similar to the idea of a senate, synod or congress and is commonly used in countries that are current or former monarchies. Some contexts restrict the use of the word ''parliament'' to parliamentary systems, although it is also used to describe the legislature in some presidential systems (e.g., the Parliament of Ghana), even where it is not in the Legal name, official name. Historically, parliaments included various kinds of deliberative, consultative, and judicial assemblies. What is considered to be the first modern parliament, was the Cortes of León, held in the Kingdom of León in 1188. According to the UNESCO, the Decreta of Leon of 1188 is the oldest documentary manifestation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chamber Of Deputies Of Brazil
The Chamber of Deputies () is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta ( Republicanos- PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025. Structure The number of deputies elected is proportional to the size of the population of the respective state (or of the Federal District) as of 1994. However, no delegation can be made up of less than eight or more than seventy seats. Thus the least populous state elects eight federal deputies and the most populous elects seventy. These restrictions favour the smaller states at the expense of the more populous states and so the size of the delegations is not exactly proportional to population. Elections to the Chamber of Deputies are held every four years, with all seats up for election. Federal representation A census held every 10 y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Senate Of Brazil
The Federal Senate () is the upper house of the National Congress of Brazil. When created under the Imperial Constitution in 1824, it was based on the House of Lords of the British Parliament, but since the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889 and under the first republican Constitution the Federal Senate has resembled the United States Senate. The current president of the Federal Senate is Davi Alcolumbre, a member of UNIÃO from Amapá. He was re-elected in February 2025 for his two-year non-consecutive term, as he had already led the Senate between 2019-21 during Bolsonaro's government. Membership The Senate has 81 members, serving an eight-year term of office. There are three senators from each of the country's 27 federative units, the Federal District and the 26 states. Elections are staggered so that either a third or two-thirds of senators are up for election every four years. The most recent election took place in 2022, where one-third of the Senate was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afonso Celso, Viscount Of Ouro Preto
Afonso Celso de Assis Figueiredo, Viscount of Ouro Preto (2 February 1836 – 21 February 1912) was a Brazilian politician, and the last Prime Minister of the Empire of Brazil. Biography Personal life Afonso Celso was born in Ouro Preto, then capital of the province of Minas Gerais. He married on 6 January 1859 with Francisca de Paula Martins de Toledo (1839–1916), daughter of the Colonel of the National Guard and counselor Joaquim Floriano de Toledo, and his second wife, Ana Margarida da Graça Martins. From the marriage between the Viscount of Ouro Preto and Francisca de Paula was born the ''immortal'' Count Afonso Celso de Assis Figueiredo Júnior, who came to found the ''Jornal do Brasil'' (he would not have founded but collaborated for more than 30 years in the newspaper). Francisca de Paula was the sister of Carlota Martins de Toledo, wife of Jorge João Dodsworth, the second Baron of Javary. Dodsworth was the brother-in-law of the Baron of Teffé and, therefore, un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Alves Branco, 2nd Viscount Of Caravelas
Manuel Alves Branco (), the 2nd Viscount of Caravelas (7 June 1797 – 13 July 1855) was a Brazilian politician, economist, and magistrate during the Empire of Brazil (1822–1889). He held the positions of general deputy, minister of justice, minister of finance, senator and was also the first de jure Prime Minister of Brazil. Born in Salvador in 1797, Alves Branco left Brazil to study at the University of Coimbra in 1815, where he received a degree in Law and Natural Sciences in 1823. After returning to Brazil in 1824, he served as judge in Salvador, Santo Amaro and finally Rio de Janeiro. He began his political career in 1830 after being elected general deputy for Bahia to the General Assembly's 2nd legislature (1830–1833), joining the Liberal Party. During his political career, Alves Branco was responsible for the introduction of several important measures. He was the main drafter of Brazil's first and, together with José Bonifácio, was also behind the country's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honório Hermeto Carneiro Leão, Marquis Of Paraná
Honório Hermeto Carneiro Leão, Marquis of Paraná (11 January 1801 – 3 September 1856) was a Brazilian politician, diplomat, judge and monarchist. Paraná was born to a noble family in Jacuí, São Carlos do Jacuí, in what was then the captaincy of Minas Gerais. After attending the University of Coimbra in Portugal and having returned to Brazil, Paraná was appointed a judge in 1826 and later elevated to appellate court justice. In 1830, he was elected to represent Minas Gerais in the General Assembly (Brazil), Chamber of Deputies; he was re-elected in 1834 and 1838, and held the post until 1841. In the aftermath of emperor Pedro I of Brazil, Pedro I's Abdication of Pedro I of Brazil, abdication in 1831, a Regency period (Empire of Brazil), regency created to govern Brazil during the minority of the former emperor's son, Pedro II of Brazil, Pedro II, soon dissolved into chaos. Paraná formed a political party in 1837 that became known as the Reactionary Party, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of Brazil
A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways of writing it as a product, or , involve 5 itself. However, 4 is composite because it is a product (2 × 2) in which both numbers are smaller than 4. Primes are central in number theory because of the fundamental theorem of arithmetic: every natural number greater than 1 is either a prime itself or can be factorized as a product of primes that is unique up to their order. The property of being prime is called primality. A simple but slow method of checking the primality of a given number , called trial division, tests whether is a multiple of any integer between 2 and . Faster algorithms include the Miller–Rabin primality test, which is fast but has a small chance of error, and the AKS primality test, which always pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Monarchs Of Brazil
The monarchs of Brazil ( Portuguese: ''monarcas do Brasil'') were the imperial heads of state and hereditary rulers of Brazil from the House of Braganza that reigned from the creation of the Brazilian monarchy in 1815 as a constituent kingdom of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves until the republican coup d'état that overthrew the Empire of Brazil in 1889.Bandeira, Moniz. ''Casa da Torre de Garcia d'Avila''. Editora Record, 2000, pp. 423–425 The coast of the territory which would become known as Brazil was first explored by Portuguese navigators on 22 April 1500. This territory was subsequently colonized by the Portuguese crown. Since the transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil in 1808, colonial rule had de facto ended. On 16 December 1815, Prince Regent John, the future king John VI, raised Brazil to the status of a kingdom, thus making his mother, Maria I, the reigning queen, the first monarch of Brazil. The next year, 20 March 1816, John succee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Reign (Empire Of Brazil)
The Second Reign is a period of History of Brazil, history within the Empire of Brazil that lasted 49 years, beginning with the end of the Regency period (Empire of Brazil), regency period on 23 July 1840, upon the declaration of Declaration of age of Pedro II, Pedro de Alcântara's majority, and ending on 15 November 1889, when the parliamentary constitutional monarchy in force was removed by the Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil), proclamation of the republic. The Second Reign represented a period of great cultural progress and significance for Brazil, with the growth and consolidation of the Brazilian nation as an independent country and as an important member of the American nations. This era witnessed the consolidation of the country's Imperial Brazilian Army, army and Imperial Brazilian Navy, navy, culminating in the Paraguayan War in 1865, and profound changes in the social sphere, such as the gradual Slavery in Brazil, abolition of slavery and the encouragement of Imm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Reign (Empire Of Brazil)
The First Reign was the period of Brazilian history in which Pedro I ruled Brazil as Emperor. It began on September 7, 1822, when Brazil's independence was proclaimed, and ended on April 7, 1831, when Pedro I abdicated the Brazilian throne. When Pedro I declared independence, defeating those who were still loyal to Portugal, he achieved great prestige and power. In 1823, he convened the Constituent Assembly which, amid great disagreements between parliamentarians and the Emperor, was dissolved in the Night of Agony. The emperor then convened a Council of State to draft Brazil's first constitution, which was enacted the following year. The document brought centralizing aspects along with the controversial moderating power, which contributed to growing discontent and revolts, including the outcome of the Cisplatine War and the assassination of Líbero Badaró, a well-known journalist. These incidents diminished the emperor's popularity and led to incidents such as a trip to M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
