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Eliezer Gordon
Rabbi Eliezer Gordon (; 1841–1910) also known as Reb Laizer Telzer (), served as the rabbi and ''rosh yeshiva'' of Telz, Lithuania. Early years Eliezer Gordon was born in 1841 in the village of Chernyaty (or Chernian in Yiddish), Belarus, near Svir. His father, Avrohom Shmuel Gordon, was a student of Chaim of Volozhin. As a youngster, he studied in the Zaretza Yeshiva in Vilna, later transferring to the Yeshiva of Yisroel Salanter at the Kovno kollel yeshiva in Kovno. Concurrent outstanding fellow students included Yitzchak Blazer, Simcha Zissel Ziv, Naftali Amsterdam, Yerucham Perlman and Jacob Joseph. Salanter realized that Gordon had great potential and appointed him as a maggid shiur in the yeshiva at a young age. After his father-in-law's death, Gordon succeeded the latter as rabbi of Kovno — but he only stayed for three months. On Tuesday, 24 March (6th Nissan) 1874, Gordon took over the position of Chief Rabbi at Kelm, where he remained for nine years and f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacob Joseph
Jacob Joseph (; 1840 – July 28, 1902) served as chief rabbi of New York City's Association of American Orthodox Hebrew Congregations, a federation of Eastern European Jewish synagogues, from 1888 until his death in 1902. Born in Krozhe, a province of Kovno, he studied in the Nevyozer Kloiz under Rabbi Yisrael Salanter and in the Volozhin yeshiva under the ''Netziv.'' In Volozhin, he was known as "Rav Yaakov Charif" (Rabbi Jacob Sharp) because of his sharp mind. He became successively rabbi of Vilon in 1868, Yurburg in 1870, and later in Zhagory. His fame as a preacher spread, so that in 1883 the community of Vilnius, Vilna selected him as its maggid. The Rabbi Jacob Joseph School, also known as RJJ, is named after him and a playground is named after and honors the memory of a great-grandson of Rabbi Jacob Joseph who carried his name. Chief rabbi Some in the Jewish community of New York wanted to be united under a common religious authority, and although the Reform Judaism, R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maharsha
Shmuel Eidels (1555 – 1631) ( Shmuel Eliezer HaLevi Eidels) was a renowned rabbi and Talmudist famous for his commentary on the Talmud, ''Chiddushei Halachot''. Eidels is also known as Maharsha (, a Hebrew acronym for "Our Teacher, the Rabbi Shmuel Eidels"). Biography The Maharsha was born in Kraków in Poland. His father, Yehuda, was a Talmudist and both parents were descendants of rabbinic families—his mother Gitel was a cousin of Rabbi Yehuda Loew, the Maharal of Prague, and his father "was a direct descendant of Rabbi Yehuda HaChasid." From early childhood, the Maharsha's remarkable talents were evident. Maharsha studied and was a student of Rabbi Shalom Shachne in his yeshivah. When he came of marriageable age, the Maharsha was offered many prestigious shidduchim (marriage partners), but he rejected them, asserting that he wanted to devote himself solely to Torah study. He married the daughter of Edel Lifschitz of Posen and the late Moshe Lifschitz, rabbi of Brisk. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pene Yehoshua (other)
Pene Yehoshua may refer to the following works of Rabbinic literature: *Commentary and novellae on the Talmud, by Jacob Joshua Falk, 1680–1756 *Responsa ''Responsa'' (plural of Latin , 'answer') comprise a body of written decisions and rulings given by legal scholars in response to questions addressed to them. In the modern era, the term is used to describe decisions and rulings made by scholars i ... (''She'elot u-Teshuvot Pene Yehoshua''), by Rabbi Joshua Höschel ben Joseph, 1715 *Homilies in the order of the parashas, by Rabbi Joshua Falk, 1742 {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acharonim
In Halakha, Jewish law and history, ''Acharonim'' (, , ; ; ) are the leading rabbis and Posek, poskim (Jewish legal decisors) living from roughly the 16th century to the present, and more specifically since the writing of the ''Shulchan Aruch'' (; a code of Jewish law) in 1563 CE. The ''Acharonim'' follow the ''Rishonim'', the "first ones"—the rabbinic scholars between the 11th and the 16th century following the ''Geonim'' and preceding the ''Shulchan Aruch''. The publication of the ''Shulchan Aruch'' thus marks the transition from the era of Rishonim to that of Acharonim. The Acharonim are thus contemporary with the Early Modern Period, the foundation of Hasidic Judaism, Jewish emancipation in Europe, the Haskalah (Jewish Enlightenment), Zionism, the Holocaust, the foundation of the Israel, State of Israel and the Jewish exodus from the Muslim world. Consequences for Halakhic change The distinction between the ''Acharonim'', ''Rishonim'' and ''Geonim'' is meaningful histo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Talmud
The Talmud (; ) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (''halakha'') and Jewish theology. Until the advent of Haskalah#Effects, modernity, in nearly all Jewish communities, the Talmud was the centerpiece of Jewish culture, Jewish cultural life and was foundational to "all Jewish thought and aspirations", serving also as "the guide for the daily life" of Jews. The Talmud includes the teachings and opinions of thousands of rabbis on a variety of subjects, including halakha, Jewish ethics, Jewish philosophy, philosophy, Jewish customs, customs, Jewish history, history, and Jewish folklore, folklore, and many other topics. The Talmud is a commentary on the Mishnah. This text is made up of 63 Masekhet, tractates, each covering one subject area. The language of the Talmud is Jewish Babylonian Aramaic. Talmudic tradition emerged and was compiled between the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE and the Arab conquest in the early seve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shiur (Torah)
A shiur (, , ; , ) is a lecture given any Torah-related topic of Torah study, study, such as Gemara, Mishnah, ''Halakha'' (Jewish law), or Tanakh (Hebrew Bible), usually given in a yeshiva, though commonly in other Jewish communal settings. History The Hebrew term שיעור ("designated amount") came to refer to a portion of Judaic text arranged for study on a particular occasion, such as a Bereavement in Judaism#Annual remembrances, yahrzeit, the dedication of a new home, or the evening of a holiday, and then to a public reading and explanation of the same. The act of teaching and studying these texts at the designated time was known as ''shiur lernen'' (); by synecdoche, the act itself became known as ''shiur''. These shiurim would be attended by all classes of people; it was traditional for learned attendees to engage the lecturer in continuous discussion, and for the larger lay audience to listen intently. Concurrently, in the yeshiva-setting it came to refer to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telz Yeshiva
Telshe Yeshiva (; ; also spelled ''Telz'') is a yeshiva in Wickliffe, Ohio, formerly located in Telšiai, Lithuania. During World War II the yeshiva relocated to Cleveland, Ohio in the United States and is now known as the Rabbinical College of Telshe, commonly referred to as ''Telz Yeshiva'', or ''Telz'' for short. In 1957, the yeshiva moved out of Cleveland proper to the Wickliffe suberb. It is a Haredi (ultra-orthodox) institution of Torah study, with additional branches in Chicago (which eventually became its own institution, no longer associated with the Cleveland Yeshiva) and in New York. It is the successor of the New Haven Yeshiva of Cleveland. History The yeshiva was founded in 1875 in the town of Telshi (, , ) in Kovno Governorate of the Russian Empire. By 1900 it was "one of the three largest yeshivot in Imperial Russia." The yeshiva was established by three Orthodox rabbis and Talmudists: * Meir Atlas, later the rabbi of Shavli) and the father-in-law of Elch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shlomo Zalman Abel
Shlomo Zalman Halevi Abel (1857–1886) was one of the founders of the Telz Yeshiva and author of ''Beis Shlomo''. Biography Abel was born March 11, (15 Adar) 1857 at Novomyesto-Sugint (now Žemaičių Naumiestis) in the Kovno Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Lithuania). In 1875, together with Meir Atlas and Zvi Yaakov Oppenheim, he assisted in establishing the Telz Yeshiva and subsequently taught there. He was the brother-in-law of Shimon Shkop. Abel died on Tuesday October 12, (13th Tishrei) 1886. Works *''Beis Shlomo'', published posthumously in Vilna in 1893, deals primarily with aspects of Halacha ''Halakha'' ( ; , ), also transliterated as ''halacha'', ''halakhah'', and ''halocho'' ( ), is the collective body of Jewish religious laws that are derived from the Written and Oral Torah. ''Halakha'' is based on biblical commandments ('' mi ... pertaining to financial matters. References Jewish Encyclopedia: ABEL, SOLOMON BEN KALMAN HALEVI 1857 bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zvi Yaakov Oppenheim
Zvi Yaakov Oppenheim (; 1854–1926) was Chief Rabbi of Kelm, Lithuania, and one of the founders of the Telz Yeshiva. Biography Rabbi Oppenheim was born in 1854 in the small village of Yakubowe (now Jokūbavas, Kretinga district, Lithuania). He showed extraordinary talents from his earliest youth and at age nine could already study a page of Talmud with commentaries on his own. He was an orphan, and his relatives sent him to Trishik, where he studied with the local rabbi and teacher, Rabbi Lev Szpiro, a son of Rabbi Leibele Kovner. From Trishik he traveled to the study group of Rabbi Yosef Rosin, who was then chief rabbi in Telz. He was already famous in Telz as a great scholar and while he was still a very young man, Rabbi Simcha Zissel Ziv chose him as the head of his modern mussar yeshiva. After several years there, he returned to Telz and taught Talmud to the students in the group in which he himself had once studied. In 1883, Rabbi Eliezer Gordon relinquished the Kelm ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meir Atlas
Meir Atlas (; 1848–1926) was the rabbi of numerous communities in pre-World War II Europe and one of the founders of the Telz Yeshiva. He was an outstanding halachic authority who authored many responsa and was one of the foremost Lithuanian rabbis of his time. Biography Rabbi Meir Atlas was born in 1848 in Baisagola, Lithuania. In 1875, together with Rabbi Zvi Yaakov Oppenheim, Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Abel and the help of a German Jewish layman, Ovadyah Lachman, Atlas founded the Telz Yeshiva in Telz, Lithuania. He later served as rabbi and spiritual leader in a number of cities, including Libau in Latvia, Salant in Lithuania, and Kobryn in Belarus. In 1904, Rabbi Atlas was appointed rabbi to the community of Shavel. Meir's brother was Rabbi Eliezer Atlas. His daughter Michle was married to Rabbi Elchonon Wasserman,Weekly Biography: Hagaon Harav Elchanan Wasserman, Hy"d, ''Hamodia'' Newspaper, July 9, 2008, page C3 His other sons-in-law include Rabbi Chaim Ozer Grodzinski ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hebron Yeshiva
Hebron Yeshiva, also known as ''Yeshivas Hevron'', or Knesses Yisroel, is a yeshiva (school for Talmudic study). It originated in 1924 when the Rosh yeshiva, roshei yeshiva (deans) and 150 students of the Yeshivas Knesses Yisrael (Slabodka), Slabodka Yeshiva, known colloquially as the "mother of yeshivas", relocated to Hebron. Relocation of Slabodka Yeshiva to Israel A 1924 edict requiring enlistment in the military or supplementary secular studies in the yeshiva led a large number of students in the Slabodka yeshiva to relocate to the Land of Israel, at that time Mandatory Palestine, Palestine under the British mandate. Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel (Slabodka), Nosson Tzvi Finkel, also known as "Der Alter fun Slabodka" (''The Elder of Slabodka''), sent Rabbi Avraham Grodzinski to head this group and establish the yeshiva in Hebron. Upon Grodzinski's return to Slabodka, the Alter transferred the ''mashgiach ruchani'' responsibilities to him, and the ''rosh yeshiva'' duties to Rabbi Yi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
